polish: 1.8.3

Introduce _ZL_NO_ALIASES to skip creating aliases

README.cn.md

@@ -14,11 +14,11 @@ z.lua 是一个快速路径切换工具，它会跟踪你在 shell 下访问过
 
 - 性能比 **z.sh** 快三倍，比 **fasd** / **autojump** 快十倍以上。
 - 支持 Posix Shell：bash, zsh, dash, sh, ash, busybox 等等。
-- 支持 Fish Shell，Power Shell 和 Windows cmd。
-- 使用增强匹配算法，更准确的带你去到你想去的地方。
-- 低占用，能够仅在当前路径改变时才更新数据库（将 `$_ZL_ADD_ONCE` 设成 1）。
-- 交互选择模式，如果有多个匹配结果的话，跳转前允许你进行选择。
-- 集成 fzf （可选），可以用来做可视化选择或者参数补全。
+- 支持 Fish Shell，Power Shell 和 Windows cmd。
+- 使用增强匹配算法，更准确的带你去到你想去的地方。
+- 低占用，能够仅在当前路径改变时才更新数据库（将 `$_ZL_ADD_ONCE` 设成 1）。
+- 交互选择模式，如果有多个匹配结果的话，跳转前允许你进行选择。
+- 集成 fzf （可选），可以用来做可视化选择或者参数补全。
 - 快速跳转到父目录，或者项目根目录，代替反复 “cd ../../.." 。
 - 兼容 lua 5.1, 5.2 和 5.3 以上版本。
 - 自包含且无额外依赖，单个 `z.lua` 文件完成所有工作。
@@ -42,10 +42,10 @@ z -b foo    # 跳转到父目录中名称以 foo 开头的那一级
 
 ## Install
 
-- Posix Shells（Bash、zsh、dash、sh 或 BusyBox 等）：
-
-  在你的 `.bashrc`, `.zshrc` 或者 `.profile` 文件中按 shell 类型添加对应语句：
-
+- Posix Shells（Bash、zsh、dash、sh 或 BusyBox 等）：
+
+  在你的 `.bashrc`, `.zshrc` 或者 `.profile` 文件中按 shell 类型添加对应语句：
+
       eval "$(lua /path/to/z.lua  --init bash)"   # BASH 初始化
       eval "$(lua /path/to/z.lua  --init zsh)"    # ZSH 初始化
       eval "$(lua /path/to/z.lua  --init posix)"  # Posix shell 初始化
@@ -79,8 +79,8 @@ z -b foo    # 跳转到父目录中名称以 foo 开头的那一级
 
   但是第二种方法需要记得在 z.lua 位置改变或者 lua 版本升级后需要重新生成。
 
-- Power Shell:
-
+- Power Shell:
+
   在你 Power Shell 的配置文件 `profile.ps1` 中放入下面语句：
 
       iex ($(lua /path/to/z.lua --init powershell) -join "`n") 
@@ -90,7 +90,7 @@ z -b foo    # 跳转到父目录中名称以 foo 开头的那一级
 
   - 将 z.lua 和 z.cmd 拷贝到 clink 的安装目录。
   - 将 clink 的安装目录添加到 `%PATH%` (z.cmd 可以被任意位置调用到)。
-  - 保证 lua 命令在你的 `%PATH%` 环境变量中。
+  - 保证 lua 命令在你的 `%PATH%` 环境变量中。
   
 
 - Windows cmder:
@@ -161,7 +161,7 @@ Frecency 是一个由 'recent' 和 'frequency' 组成的合成词，这个术语
 
 对于一个给定的正则关键字序列（即 z 命令后面的参数），只有同时满足两个条件才算匹配成功：
 
-1. 正则关键字将按顺序进行匹配（这条和默认匹配法相同）。
+1. 正则关键字将按顺序进行匹配（这条和默认匹配法相同）。
 2. 最后一个关键字可以和路径名的最后一段相匹配。
 
 如果两条规则同时启用找不到任何结果，那么将会退回到只用规则 1 进行筛选，这两条规则是参考 fasd 引入的。
@@ -182,7 +182,7 @@ Frecency 是一个由 'recent' 和 'frequency' 组成的合成词，这个术语
   小技巧: 
 
   - 如果你在增强匹配算法下，想让最后一个关键字不当匹配最后一段路径名，还可以像默认匹配算法中一样匹配路径的其他部分的话，你可以在最后加一个独立的 '$' 参数，比如：`"z wo $"`
-  - 如果你在增强匹配算法下，想让最后一个关键字匹配最后一段路径名以前的部分，那么可以增加一个斜杆参数，比如：`"z wo /"`。
+  - 如果你在增强匹配算法下，想让最后一个关键字匹配最后一段路径名以前的部分，那么可以增加一个斜杆参数，比如：`"z wo /"`。
   
 
 - 如果没法匹配，同时又存在一条路径名和关键字相同，那么 cd 过去:
@@ -250,7 +250,9 @@ PS：如果你使用 Fish shell，需要 2.7.0 以上才支持该功能。
 
 ![](images/fzf.png)
 
-当你使用 `"z -I vim"` 时，12 条路径被筛选出来，并按照 frecent 排序，他们都包含 "vim" 关键字，在实际 cd 改变路径前，z.lua 会调用 fzf 来让你更方便的选择你想去的地方，每条记录包含左边的 frecent 权重和右边的路径名，权重越高的排在越前面，你可以按回车选择，或者 ESC 退出。
+当你使用 `"z -I vim"` 时，12 条路径被筛选出来，并按照 frecent 排序，他们都包含 "vim" 关键字，在实际 cd 改变路径前，z.lua 会调用 fzf 来让你更方便的选择你想去的地方，每条记录包含左边的 frecent 权重和右边的路径名，权重越高的排在越前面。
+
+你可以在 fzf 里输入一些**空格分隔**的关键字（不需要先后顺序），或者按 `CTRL+J` / `CTRL+K` （方向键的上下也可以）进行选择，`ESC` 或者 `CTRL`+`D`/`G` 放弃。
 
 你仍然可以用老方法，通过在 `z` 命令后面添加更多关键词来精确的匹配你想去的地方，这个特性给了你一个可视化的方式来做这件事情。为了方便起见，通常把 `z -I` alias 成 `zf` (z + fuzzy finder)。如果搜索结果只有一项，那么 z.lua 会直接跳转过去，不需要启动 fzf 再选择一遍，只有多项结果要选择时，才会启动 fzf。
 
@@ -263,11 +265,11 @@ PS：你可以使用 `$_ZL_FZF` 环境变量来精确指明 fzf 的可执行路
 
 `"-b"` 选项可以快速回到某一级父目录，避免重复的输入 "cd ../../.."。
 
-- **(没有参数)**：`cd` 到项目根目录，即跳转到最近的包含 (.git/.svn/.hg) 的父目录。
+- **(没有参数)**：`cd` 到项目根目录，即跳转到最近的包含 (.git/.svn/.hg) 的父目录。
 - **(单个参数)**：`cd` 到离当前目录最近的以关键字开头的父目录，如果找不到就尝试跳到包含关键字的父目录。
 - **(两个参数)**：将当前路径中的第一个关键词替换为第二个关键词。
 
-为了使用简便，我们继续将 `z -b` 取个别名成 `zb`：
+先将 `z -b` 别名成 `zb`：
 
 ```bash
 # 一直向上退到项目根目录（就是里面有一个 .git 目录的地方）
@@ -300,6 +302,8 @@ export _ZL_ROOT_MARKERS=".git,.svn,.hg,.root,package.json"
 
 **Bonus**：`zb ..` 相当于 `cd ..`，`zb ...` 相当于 `cd ../..`，而 `zb ....` 相当于 `cd ../../..` 等等。 最后 `zb ..20` 等同于调用 `cd ..` 二十次。
 
+**Bonus**: 试试 `z -b -i` 以及 `z -b -I`，推荐把他们取个别名成 `zbi` 和 `zbf`。
+
 
 ## 补全功能
 
@@ -348,23 +352,22 @@ $ z -
   => cd -
 ```
 
-这个 `dirstack` 是根据 z.lua 的路径历史数据库计算的出来的，所以和具体的 shell 或者操作系统都没有关系。你退出再登陆不会丢失这些路径历史，不同的 shell 之间也可以共享同一份历史数据。
+这个 `dirstack` 是根据 z.lua 的路径历史数据库计算的出来的，和具体的 shell 或者操作系统无关。你退出再登陆不会丢失这些记录，不同的 shell 之间也可以共享同一份记录。
 
-此外，还有另外一种方法，通过使用前面提到的 `-I` 和 `-t` 参数组和，可以使用 fzf 进行交互式选择：
+此外，还能通过前面提到的 `-I` 和 `-t` 参数组和，使用 fzf 选择最近去过的目录：
 
 ```bash
 alias zh='z -I -t .'
 ```
 
-首先定义个新的别名 `zh`（回到历史路径的意思），我们使用了 `-t` 参数来告诉 `z.lua` 按照时间戳作为权重进行排序，同时 `-I` 启用 fzf 进行搜索，最后的句号代表任意路径。
+方便起见，定义个新的别名 `zh`（回到历史路径的意思），我们用 `-t` 参数来告诉 `z.lua` 按时间戳为权重排序，同时 `-I` 启用 fzf 搜索，最后句号代表任意路径。
 
-那么当我们在命令行敲入 zh 时，就可以用 fzf 选择最近呆过的路径了：
+那么当我们在命令行敲入 zh 时，就可以用 fzf 进行历史路径操作了：
 
 ![](images/mru.png)
 
-第一列数据代表该路径多少秒以前访问过，第二列是路径名称。此时，你可以试着敲几个字母，用 fzf 的字符串模糊匹配进行定位，或者用光标键的上和下（CTRL+J/K 也可以）来上下移动，最后按回车 cd 过去，或者 ESC 放弃。
+第一列上次访问距今多少秒，第二列是目录名。你可以试着敲几个字母，用 fzf 的字符串模糊匹配进行定位，或者用光标键的上和下（CTRL+J/K 也可以）来上下移动，最后按回车 cd 过去，或者 ESC 放弃。
 
-注意：最好把增强匹配模式打开，这样查看历史路径时可以把当前路径过滤掉。
 
 
 ## Tips

README.md

@@ -131,6 +131,7 @@ z -b foo    # cd to the parent directory starting with foo
 - set `$_ZL_ECHO` to 1 to display new directory name after cd.
 - set `$_ZL_MATCH_MODE` to 1 to enable enhanced matching.
 - set `$_ZL_NO_CHECK` to 1 to disable path validation, use `z --purge` to clean
+- set `$_ZL_HYPHEN` to 1 to treat hyphon (-) as a normal character not a lua regexp keyword.
 
 ## Aging
 
@@ -269,13 +270,15 @@ From version 1.1.0, a new option `"-I"` will allow you to use fzf to select when
 
 ![](images/fzf.png)
 
-When we use `"z -I vim"`，12 paths contains keyword "vim" has been matched and ordered by their frecent value, the higher frecent comes with the higher rank. Then without cd to the highest ranked path, z.lua passes all the candidates to fzf. And you can use fzf to select where you want to go, or ESC to quit.
+When we use `"z -I vim"`，12 paths contains keyword "vim" has been matched and ordered by their frecent value, the higher frecent comes with the higher rank. Then without cd to the highest ranked path, z.lua passes all the candidates to fzf. 
+
+Now you can input some space separated keywords (no order required) or use `CTRL+J`/`CTRL+K` (same as `UP`/`DOWN`) to select where you want to go, or `ESC` / `CTRL`+`D`/`G` to give up. 
 
 Of course, you can always give more keywords to `z` command to match your destination precisely. `"z -I"` is similar to `"z -i"`, but use fzf. Both `"-i"` and `"-I"` provide you another way for path navigation.
 
-Usually, `z -I` can be aliased to `zf` (z + fuzzy finder) for convenience. If there are only one path matched, `z -I` will jump to it directly, fzf will only be invoked for multiple matches.
+Usually, `z -I` can be aliased to `zf` (z + fuzzy finder) for convenience. If there are only one path matched, `z -I` will jump to it directly, fzf will only be invoked for multiple matches. `"z -I ."` or `"zf ."` can be used to use fzf select from entire database. 
 
-`"z -I ."` or `"zf ."` can be used to use fzf select from entire database. Environment variable `_ZL_FZF_FLAG` is for passing additional arguments to fzf.
+For more information about this, please visit [wiki - effective with fzf](https://github.com/skywind3000/z.lua/wiki/Effective-with-fzf).
 
 NOTE: For fish shell, this feature requires fish 2.7.0 or above. You can specify fzf executable in `$_ZL_FZF` environment variable, `"fzf"` will be called by default.
 
@@ -284,7 +287,7 @@ NOTE: For fish shell, this feature requires fish 2.7.0 or above. You can specify
 
 New option `"-b"` can quickly go back to a specific parent directory in bash instead of typing "cd ../../.." redundantly.
 
-- **(No argument)**: `cd` into the project root, the project root the nearest parent directory with `.git`/`.hg`/`.svn` in it
+- **(No argument)**: `cd` into the project root, the project root the nearest parent directory with `.git`/`.hg`/`.svn` in it.
 - **(One argument)**: `cd` into the closest parent starting with keyword, if not find, go to the parent containing keyword.
 - **(Two arguments)**: replace the first value with the second one (in the current path).
 
@@ -320,6 +323,7 @@ If you want `zb` jump back to a parent directory contains a `.root` or `package.
 
 **Bonus**: `zb ..` equals to `cd ..`, `zb ...` equals to `cd ../..` and `zb ....` equals to `cd ../../..`, and so on. Finally, `zb ..20` equals to `cd (..)x20`.
 
+**Bonus**: try `z -b -i` and `z -b -I` and you can alias them to `zbi` and `zbf`.
 
 ## Completion
 
@@ -456,6 +460,20 @@ As you see, z.lua is the fastest one and requires less resource.
 
 ## History
 
+- 1.8.3 (2020-02-09): new: `z -b -i` and `z -b -I` to jump backwards in interactive mode.
+- 1.7.4 (2019-12-29): new: `$_ZL_HYPHEN` to treat hyphen as a normal character, see [here](https://github.com/skywind3000/z.lua/wiki/FAQ#how-to-input-a-hyphen---in-the-keyword-).
+- 1.7.3 (2019-09-07): use [lua-filesystem](http://keplerproject.github.io/luafilesystem/) package if possible when `$_ZL_USE_LFS` is `1`.
+- 1.7.2 (2019-08-01): Improve bash/zsh shell compatibility by [@barlik](https://github.com/barlik).
+- 1.7.1 (2019-06-07): Fixed: `$_ZL_DATA` failure on Linux sometimes.
+- 1.7.0 (2019-03-09): Support [ranger](https://github.com/skywind3000/z.lua/wiki/FAQ#how-to-integrate-zlua-to-ranger-), fix ReplaceFile issue in luajit (windows).
+- 1.6.0 (2019-03-04): optimize with ffi module (luajit builtin module).
+- 1.5.11 (2019-03-02): fixed: os.path.isdir doesn't work for symbol link folders.
+- 1.5.10 (2019-03-01): Prevent writing file racing.
+- 1.5.9 (2019-02-25): `z -b` should not match current directory (close #56).
+- 1.5.8 (2019-02-21): new `$_ZL_FZF_HEIGHT` to control `--height` parameter in fzf.
+- 1.5.7 (2019-02-21): rename `$_ZL_FZF_SORT` to `$_ZL_INT_SORT` it will affect both `-i` and `-I`.
+- 1.5.6 (2019-02-20): set `$_ZL_FZF_SORT` to 1 to sort directories by alphabet in fzf.
+- 1.5.5 (2019-02-20): `$_ZL_FZF_FLAG` can be used to override fzf flags, default to "+s -e".
 - 1.5.4 (2019-02-19): fixed: file/path existence detection fails on read-only fs (closed [#49](https://github.com/skywind3000/z.lua/issues/49) by [@contrun](https://github.com/contrun)).
 - 1.5.3 (2019-02-17): new `$_ZL_FZF_FLAG` for passing additional flags to fzf, add `-e` argument to fzf.
 - 1.5.2 (2019-02-16): be aware of all arguments in fzf completion.
@@ -485,6 +503,7 @@ As you see, z.lua is the fastest one and requires less resource.
 
 This project needs help for the tasks below:
 
+- [ ] Support csh/tcsh.
 - [ ] Completion: Actually I got little knowledge in completion, and need help to improve it.
 - [ ] Completion: Implement completion for Power Shell.
 - [ ] Completion: Implement completion for different arguments.
@@ -498,6 +517,7 @@ This project needs help for the tasks below:
 - Thanks to [@TeddyDD](https://github.com/TeddyDD) for Fish Shell porting.
 - Thanks to [@manhong2112](https://github.com/manhong2112) for Power Shell porting.
 - Thanks to [@BarbUk](https://github.com/BarbUk) for fzf completion in Bash.
+- Thanks to [@barlik](https://github.com/barlik) for many improvements.
 
 And many others.
 

ranger_zlua.py

@@ -0,0 +1,91 @@
+import time, sys, os
+import ranger.api
+import subprocess
+
+old_hook_init = ranger.api.hook_init
+
+PATH_LUA = os.environ.get('RANGER_LUA')
+PATH_ZLUA = os.environ.get('RANGER_ZLUA')
+
+if not PATH_LUA:
+    for path in os.environ.get('PATH', '').split(os.path.pathsep):
+        for name in ('lua', 'luajit', 'lua5.3', 'lua5.2', 'lua5.1'):
+            test = os.path.join(path, name)
+            test = test + (sys.platform[:3] == 'win' and ".exe" or "")
+            if os.path.exists(test):
+                PATH_LUA = test
+                break
+
+if not PATH_LUA:
+    sys.stderr.write('Please install lua or set $RANGER_LUA.\n')
+    sys.exit()
+
+if (not PATH_ZLUA) or (not os.path.exists(PATH_ZLUA)):
+    sys.stderr.write('Not find z.lua, please set $RANGER_ZLUA to absolute path of z.lua.\n')
+    sys.exit()
+
+            
+def hook_init(fm):
+    def update_zlua(signal):
+        import os, random
+        os.environ['_ZL_RANDOM'] = str(random.randint(0, 0x7fffffff))
+        p = subprocess.Popen([PATH_LUA, PATH_ZLUA, "--add", signal.new.path])
+        p.wait()
+    if PATH_ZLUA and PATH_LUA and os.path.exists(PATH_ZLUA):
+        fm.signal_bind('cd', update_zlua)
+    return old_hook_init(fm)
+
+ranger.api.hook_init = hook_init
+
+class z(ranger.api.commands.Command):
+    def execute (self):
+        import sys, os, time
+        args = self.args[1:]
+        if args:
+            mode = ''
+            for arg in args:
+                if arg in ('-l', '-e', '-x', '-h', '--help', '--'):
+                    mode = arg
+                    break
+                elif arg in ('-I', '-i'):
+                    mode = arg
+                elif arg[:1] != '-':
+                    break
+            if mode:
+                cmd = '"%s" "%s" '%(PATH_LUA, PATH_ZLUA)
+                if mode in ('-I', '-i', '--'):
+                    cmd += ' --cd'
+                for arg in args:
+                    cmd += ' "%s"'%arg
+                if mode in ('-e', '-x'):
+                    path = subprocess.check_output([PATH_LUA, PATH_ZLUA, '--cd'] + args)
+                    path = path.decode("utf-8", "ignore")
+                    path = path.rstrip('\n')
+                    self.fm.notify(path)
+                elif mode in ('-h', '-l', '--help'):
+                    p = self.fm.execute_command(cmd + '| less +G', universal_newlines=True)
+                    stdout, stderr = p.communicate()
+                elif mode == '--':
+                    p = self.fm.execute_command(cmd + ' 2>&1 | less +G', universal_newlines=True)
+                    stdout, stderr = p.communicate()
+                else:
+                    if mode == '-I':
+                        os.environ['_ZL_FZF_HEIGHT'] = '0'
+                        path = subprocess.check_output([PATH_LUA, PATH_ZLUA, '--cd'] + args)
+                        self.fm.execute_console('redraw_window')
+                    else:
+                        p = self.fm.execute_command(cmd, universal_newlines=True, stdout=subprocess.PIPE)
+                        stdout, stderr = p.communicate()
+                        path = stdout.rstrip('\n')
+                    if path and os.path.exists(path):
+                        self.fm.cd(path)
+            else:
+                path = subprocess.check_output([PATH_LUA, PATH_ZLUA, '--cd'] + args)
+                path = path.decode("utf-8", "ignore")
+                path = path.rstrip('\n')
+                if path and os.path.exists(path):
+                    self.fm.cd(path)
+                else:
+                    self.fm.notify('No matching found', bad = True)
+        return True
+

z.lua

@@ -1,10 +1,10 @@
 #! /usr/bin/env lua
 --=====================================================================
 --
--- z.lua - a cd command that learns, by skywind 2018, 2019
+-- z.lua - a cd command that learns, by skywind 2018, 2019, 2020
 -- Licensed under MIT license.
 --
--- Version 1.5.4, Last Modified: 2019/02/19 11:18
+-- Version 1.8.3, Last Modified: 2020/02/10 00:05
 --
 -- * 10x faster than fasd and autojump, 3x faster than z.sh
 -- * available for posix shells: bash, zsh, sh, ash, dash, busybox
@@ -74,6 +74,8 @@
 --   set $_ZL_MAXAGE to define a aging threshold (default is 5000).
 --   set $_ZL_MATCH_MODE to 1 to enable enhanced matching mode.
 --   set $_ZL_NO_CHECK to 1 to disable path validation. z --purge to clear.
+--   set $_ZL_USE_LFS to 1 to use lua-filesystem package
+--   set $_ZL_HYPHEN to 1 to stop treating hyphen as a regexp keyword
 --
 --=====================================================================
 
@@ -120,6 +122,7 @@ Z_CMD = 'z'
 Z_MATCHMODE = 0
 Z_MATCHNAME = false
 Z_SKIPPWD = false
+Z_HYPHEN = false
 
 os.LOG_NAME = os.getenv('_ZL_LOG_NAME')
 
@@ -302,10 +305,107 @@ function os.log(text)
 end
 
 
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------
+-- ffi optimize (luajit has builtin ffi module)
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------
+os.native = {}
+os.native.status, os.native.ffi =  pcall(require, "ffi")
+if os.native.status then
+	local ffi = os.native.ffi
+	if windows then
+		ffi.cdef[[
+		int GetFullPathNameA(const char *name, uint32_t size, char *out, char **name);
+		int ReplaceFileA(const char *dstname, const char *srcname, void *, uint32_t, void *, void *);
+		uint32_t GetTickCount(void);
+		uint32_t GetFileAttributesA(const char *name);
+		uint32_t GetCurrentDirectoryA(uint32_t size, char *ptr);
+		]]
+		local kernel32 = ffi.load('kernel32.dll')
+		local buffer = ffi.new('char[?]', 300)
+		local INVALID_FILE_ATTRIBUTES = 0xffffffff
+		local FILE_ATTRIBUTE_DIRECTORY = 0x10
+		os.native.kernel32 = kernel32
+		function os.native.GetFullPathName(name)
+			local hr = kernel32.GetFullPathNameA(name, 290, buffer, nil)
+			return (hr > 0) and ffi.string(buffer, hr) or nil
+		end
+		function os.native.ReplaceFile(replaced, replacement)
+			local hr = kernel32.ReplaceFileA(replaced, replacement, nil, 2, nil, nil)
+			return (hr ~= 0) and true or false
+		end
+		function os.native.GetTickCount()
+			return kernel32.GetTickCount()
+		end
+		function os.native.GetFileAttributes(name)
+			return kernel32.GetFileAttributesA(name)
+		end
+		function os.native.exists(name)
+			local attr = os.native.GetFileAttributes(name)
+			return attr ~= INVALID_FILE_ATTRIBUTES
+		end
+		function os.native.isdir(name)
+			local attr = os.native.GetFileAttributes(name)
+			local isdir = FILE_ATTRIBUTE_DIRECTORY
+			if attr == INVALID_FILE_ATTRIBUTES then
+				return false
+			end
+			return (attr % (2 * isdir)) >= isdir
+		end
+		function os.native.getcwd()
+			local hr = kernel32.GetCurrentDirectoryA(299, buffer)
+			if hr <= 0 then return nil end
+			return ffi.string(buffer, hr)
+		end
+	else
+		ffi.cdef[[
+		typedef struct { long tv_sec; long tv_usec; } timeval;
+		int gettimeofday(timeval *tv, void *tz);
+		int access(const char *name, int mode);
+		char *realpath(const char *path, char *resolve);
+		char *getcwd(char *buf, size_t size);
+		]]
+		local timeval = ffi.new('timeval[?]', 1)
+		local buffer = ffi.new('char[?]', 4100)
+		function os.native.gettimeofday()
+			local hr = ffi.C.gettimeofday(timeval, nil)
+			local sec = tonumber(timeval[0].tv_sec)
+			local usec = tonumber(timeval[0].tv_usec)
+			return sec + (usec * 0.000001)
+		end
+		function os.native.access(name, mode)
+			return ffi.C.access(name, mode)
+		end
+		function os.native.realpath(name)
+			local path = ffi.C.realpath(name, buffer)
+			return (path ~= nil) and ffi.string(buffer) or nil
+		end
+		function os.native.getcwd()
+			local hr = ffi.C.getcwd(buffer, 4099)
+			return hr ~= nil and ffi.string(buffer) or nil
+		end
+	end
+	function os.native.tickcount() 
+		if windows then
+			return os.native.GetTickCount()
+		else
+			return math.floor(os.native.gettimeofday() * 1000)
+		end
+	end
+	os.native.init = true
+end
+
+
 -----------------------------------------------------------------------
 -- get current path
 -----------------------------------------------------------------------
 function os.pwd()
+	if os.native and os.native.getcwd then
+		local hr = os.native.getcwd()
+		if hr then return hr end
+	end
+	if os.getcwd then
+		return os.getcwd()
+	end
 	if windows then
 		local fp = io.popen('cd')
 		if fp == nil then
@@ -372,6 +472,10 @@ end
 -----------------------------------------------------------------------
 function os.path.abspath(path)
 	if path == '' then path = '.' end
+	if os.native and os.native.GetFullPathName then
+		local test = os.native.GetFullPathName(path)
+		if test then return test end
+	end
 	if windows then
 		local script = 'FOR /f "delims=" %%i IN ("%s") DO @echo %%~fi'
 		local script = string.format(script, path)
@@ -427,13 +531,17 @@ function os.path.isdir(pathname)
 	elseif windows then
 		if pathname == '\\' then
 			return true
-		elseif pathname:match('^%a:[/\\]$') then
-			return true
 		end
 	end
+	if os.native and os.native.isdir then
+		return os.native.isdir(pathname)
+	end
+	if clink and os.isdir then
+		return os.isdir(pathname)
+	end
 	local name = pathname
 	if (not name:endswith('/')) and (not name:endswith('\\')) then
-		name = name .. '/'
+		name = name .. os.path.sep
 	end
 	return os.path.exists(name)
 end
@@ -443,6 +551,9 @@ end
 -- file or path exists
 -----------------------------------------------------------------------
 function os.path.exists(name)
+	if name == '/' then
+		return true
+	end
 	local ok, err, code = os.rename(name, name)
 	if not ok then
 		if code == 13 then
@@ -453,6 +564,12 @@ function os.path.exists(name)
 				io.close(f)
 				return true
 			end
+		elseif name:sub(-1) == '/' and code == 20 and (not windows) then
+			local test = name .. '.'
+			ok, err, code = os.rename(test, test)
+			if code == 16 or code == 13 or code == 22 then
+				return true
+			end
 		end
 		return false
 	end
@@ -770,6 +887,10 @@ end
 -----------------------------------------------------------------------
 function os.environ(name, default)
 	local value = os.getenv(name)
+	if os.envmap ~= nil and type(os.envmap) == 'table' then
+		local t = os.envmap[name]
+		value = (t ~= nil and type(t) == 'string') and t or value
+	end
 	if value == nil then
 		return default
 	elseif type(default) == 'boolean' then
@@ -863,6 +984,9 @@ function math.random_init()
 		seed = seed .. rnd
 	end
 	seed = seed .. tostring(os.clock() * 10000000)
+	if os.native and os.native.tickcount then
+		seed = seed .. tostring(os.native.tickcount())
+	end
 	local number = 0
 	for i = 1, seed:len() do
 		local k = string.byte(seed:sub(i, i))
@@ -952,15 +1076,29 @@ function data_save(filename, M)
 	local tmpname = nil
 	local i
 	filename = os.path.expand(filename)
-	if windows then
-		fp = io.open(filename, 'w')
-	else
-		math.random_init()
+	math.random_init()
+	while true do
 		tmpname = filename .. '.' .. tostring(os.time())
-		tmpname = tmpname .. math.random_string(8)
-		local rnd = os.getenv('_ZL_RANDOM')
-		tmpname = tmpname .. '' .. (rnd and rnd or '')
-		-- print('tmpname: '..tmpname)
+		if os.native and os.native.tickcount then
+			local key = os.native.tickcount() % 1000
+			tmpname = tmpname .. string.format('%03d', key)
+			tmpname = tmpname .. math.random_string(5)
+		else
+			tmpname = tmpname .. math.random_string(8)
+		end
+		if not os.path.exists(tmpname) then
+			-- print('tmpname: '..tmpname)
+			break
+		end
+	end
+	if windows then
+		if os.native and os.native.ReplaceFile then
+			fp = io.open(tmpname, 'w')
+		else
+			fp = io.open(filename, 'w')
+			tmpname = nil
+		end
+	else
 		fp = io.open(tmpname, 'w')
 	end
 	if fp == nil then
@@ -973,7 +1111,14 @@ function data_save(filename, M)
 	end
 	fp:close()
 	if tmpname ~= nil then
-		os.rename(tmpname, filename)
+		if windows then
+			local ok, err, code = os.rename(tmpname, filename)
+			if not ok then
+				os.native.ReplaceFile(filename, tmpname)
+			end
+		else
+			os.rename(tmpname, filename)
+		end
 		os.remove(tmpname)
 	end
 	return true
@@ -1124,6 +1269,9 @@ function data_select(M, patterns, matchlast)
 	local pats = {}
 	for i = 1, #patterns do
 		local p = patterns[i]
+		if Z_HYPHEN then
+			p = p:gsub('-', '%%-')
+		end
 		table.insert(pats, case_insensitive_pattern(p))
 	end
 	for i = 1, #M do
@@ -1427,6 +1575,9 @@ function z_cd(patterns)
 	elseif Z_INTERACTIVE == 0 then
 		return M[1].name
 	end
+	if os.environ('_ZL_INT_SORT', false) then
+		table.sort(M, function (a, b) return a.name < b.name end)
+	end
 	local retval = nil
 	if Z_INTERACTIVE == 1 then
 		PRINT_MODE = '<stderr>'
@@ -1434,7 +1585,7 @@ function z_cd(patterns)
 		io.stderr:write('> ')
 		io.stderr:flush()
 		local input = io.read('*l')
-		if input == nil then
+		if input == nil or input == '' then
 			return nil
 		end
 		local index = tonumber(input)
@@ -1448,13 +1599,15 @@ function z_cd(patterns)
 	elseif Z_INTERACTIVE == 2 then
 		local fzf = os.environ('_ZL_FZF', 'fzf')
 		local tmpname = '/tmp/zlua.txt'
-		local cmd = '--nth 2.. --reverse --inline-info +s --tac -e'
-		cmd = ((fzf == '') and 'fzf' or fzf)  .. ' ' .. cmd
-		cmd = cmd .. ' ' .. os.environ('_ZL_FZF_FLAG', '') .. ' '
+		local cmd = '--nth 2.. --reverse --inline-info --tac '
+		local flag = os.environ('_ZL_FZF_FLAG', '')
+		flag = (flag == '' or flag == nil) and '+s -e' or flag
+		cmd = ((fzf == '') and 'fzf' or fzf)  .. ' ' .. cmd .. ' ' .. flag
 		if not windows then
 			tmpname = os.tmpname()
-			if not os.environ('_ZL_FZF_FULLSCR', false) then
-				cmd = cmd .. ' --height 35%'
+			local height = os.environ('_ZL_FZF_HEIGHT', '35%')
+			if height ~= nil and height ~= '' and height ~= '0' then
+				cmd = cmd .. ' --height ' .. height
 			end
 			cmd = cmd .. ' < "' .. tmpname .. '"'
 		else
@@ -1546,6 +1699,7 @@ function cd_backward(args, options, pwd)
 			end
 			return os.path.normpath(path)
 		else
+			pwd = os.path.split(pwd)
 			local test = windows and pwd:gsub('\\', '/') or pwd
 			local key = windows and args[1]:lower() or args[1]
 			if not key:match('%u') then
@@ -1613,6 +1767,91 @@ function cd_minus(args, options)
 end
 
 
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------
+-- cd breadcrumbs: z -b -i, z -b -I
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------
+function cd_breadcrumbs(pwd, interactive)
+	local pwd = (pwd == nil or pwd == '') and os.pwd() or pwd
+	local pwd = os.path.normpath(pwd)
+	local path, _ = os.path.split(pwd)
+	local elements = {}
+	local interactive = interactive and interactive or 1
+	local fullname = os.environ('_ZL_FULL_PATH', false)
+	while true do
+		local head, name = os.path.split(path)
+		if head == path  then		-- reached root
+			table.insert(elements, {head, head})
+			break
+		elseif name ~= '' then
+			table.insert(elements, {name, path})
+		else
+			break
+		end
+		path = head
+	end
+	local tmpname = '/tmp/zlua.txt'
+	local fp = io.stderr
+	if interactive == 2 then
+		if not windows then
+			tmpname = os.tmpname()
+		else
+			tmpname = os.tmpname():gsub('\\', ''):gsub('%.', '')
+			tmpname = os.environ('TMP', '') .. '\\zlua_' .. tmpname .. '.txt'
+		end
+		fp = io.open(tmpname, 'w')
+	end
+	-- print table
+	local maxsize = string.len(tostring(#elements))
+	for i = #elements, 1, -1 do
+		local item = elements[i]
+		local name = item[1]
+		local text = string.rep(' ', maxsize - string.len(i)) .. tostring(i)
+		text = text .. ': ' .. (fullname and item[2] or item[1])
+		fp:write(text .. '\n')
+	end
+	if fp ~= io.stderr then
+		fp:close()
+	end
+	local retval = ''
+	-- select from stdin or fzf
+	if interactive == 1 then
+		io.stderr:write('> ')
+		io.stderr:flush()
+		retval = io.read('*l')
+	elseif interactive == 2 then
+		local fzf = os.environ('_ZL_FZF', 'fzf')
+		local cmd = '--reverse --inline-info --tac '
+		local flag = os.environ('_ZL_FZF_FLAG', '')
+		flag = (flag == '' or flag == nil) and '+s -e' or flag
+		cmd = ((fzf == '') and 'fzf' or fzf) .. ' ' .. cmd .. ' ' .. flag
+		if not windows then
+			local height = os.environ('_ZL_FZF_HEIGHT', '35%')
+			if height ~= nil and height ~= '' and height ~= '0' then
+				cmd = cmd .. ' --height ' .. height
+			end
+			cmd = cmd .. '< "' .. tmpname .. '"'
+		else
+			cmd = 'type "' .. tmpname .. '" | ' .. cmd
+		end
+		retval = os.call(cmd)
+		os.remove(tmpname)
+		if retval == '' or retval == nil then
+			return nil
+		end
+		local pos = retval:find(':')
+		if not pos then
+			return nil
+		end
+		retval = retval:sub(1, pos - 1):gsub('^%s*', '')
+	end
+	local index = tonumber(retval)
+	if index == nil or index < 1 or index > #elements then
+		return nil
+	end
+	return elements[index][2]
+end
+
+
 -----------------------------------------------------------------------
 -- main entry
 -----------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -1647,7 +1886,11 @@ function main(argv)
 	if options['--cd'] or options['-e'] then
 		local path = ''
 		if options['-b'] then
-			path = cd_backward(args, options)
+			if Z_INTERACTIVE == 0 then
+				path = cd_backward(args, options)
+			else
+				path = cd_breadcrumbs('', Z_INTERACTIVE)
+			end
 		elseif options['-'] then
 			path = cd_minus(args, options)
 		elseif #args == 0 then
@@ -1719,16 +1962,14 @@ function z_init()
 	local _zl_matchname = os.getenv('_ZL_MATCH_NAME')
 	local _zl_skippwd = os.getenv('_ZL_SKIP_PWD')
 	local _zl_matchmode = os.getenv('_ZL_MATCH_MODE')
+	local _zl_hyphen = os.getenv('_ZL_HYPHEN')
 	if _zl_data ~= nil and _zl_data ~= "" then
 		if windows then
 			DATA_FILE = _zl_data
 		else
 			-- avoid windows environments affect cygwin & msys
-			if _zl_data:sub(2, 2) ~= ':' then
-				local t = _zl_data:sub(3, 3)
-				if t ~= '/' and t ~= "\\" then
-					DATA_FILE = _zl_data
-				end
+			if not string.match(_zl_data, '^%a:[/\\]') then
+				DATA_FILE = _zl_data
 			end
 		end
 	end
@@ -1774,6 +2015,12 @@ function z_init()
 			Z_SKIPPWD = true
 		end
 	end
+	if _zl_hyphen ~= nil then
+		local m = string.lower(_zl_hyphen)
+		if (m == '1' or m == 'yes' or m == 'true' or m == 't') then
+			Z_HYPHEN = true
+		end
+	end
 end
 
 
@@ -1868,14 +2115,14 @@ alias ${_ZL_CMD:-z}='_zlua'
 local script_init_bash = [[
 case "$PROMPT_COMMAND" in
 	*_zlua?--add*) ;;
-	*) PROMPT_COMMAND="(_zlua --add \"\$(command pwd 2>/dev/null)\" &);$PROMPT_COMMAND" ;;
+	*) PROMPT_COMMAND="(_zlua --add \"\$(command pwd 2>/dev/null)\" &)${PROMPT_COMMAND:+;$PROMPT_COMMAND}" ;;
 esac
 ]]
 
 local script_init_bash_fast = [[
 case "$PROMPT_COMMAND" in
 	*_zlua?--add*) ;;
-	*) PROMPT_COMMAND="(_zlua --add \"\$PWD\" &);$PROMPT_COMMAND" ;;
+	*) PROMPT_COMMAND="(_zlua --add \"\$PWD\" &)${PROMPT_COMMAND:+;$PROMPT_COMMAND}" ;;
 esac
 ]]
 
@@ -1887,7 +2134,7 @@ _zlua_precmd() {
 }
 case "$PROMPT_COMMAND" in
 	*_zlua_precmd*) ;;
-	*) PROMPT_COMMAND="_zlua_precmd;$PROMPT_COMMAND" ;;
+	*) PROMPT_COMMAND="_zlua_precmd${PROMPT_COMMAND:+;$PROMPT_COMMAND}" ;;
 esac
 ]]
 
@@ -1914,7 +2161,7 @@ local script_init_zsh = [[
 _zlua_precmd() {
 	(_zlua --add "${PWD:a}" &)
 }
-typeset -gaU precmd_functions
+typeset -ga precmd_functions
 [ -n "${precmd_functions[(r)_zlua_precmd]}" ] || {
 	precmd_functions[$(($#precmd_functions+1))]=_zlua_precmd
 }
@@ -1924,7 +2171,7 @@ local script_init_zsh_once = [[
 _zlua_precmd() {
 	(_zlua --add "${PWD:a}" &)
 }
-typeset -gaU chpwd_functions
+typeset -ga chpwd_functions
 [ -n "${chpwd_functions[(r)_zlua_precmd]}" ] || {
 	chpwd_functions[$(($#chpwd_functions+1))]=_zlua_precmd
 }
@@ -1996,11 +2243,14 @@ function z_shell_init(opts)
 		end
 		print(script_complete_bash)
 		if opts.fzf ~= nil then
-			fzf_cmd = "fzf --nth 2 --reverse --inline-info +s --tac -e"
-			if not os.environ('_ZL_FZF_FULLSCR', false) then
-				fzf_cmd = fzf_cmd .. ' --height 35%'
+			fzf_cmd = "fzf --nth 2.. --reverse --inline-info --tac "
+			local height = os.environ('_ZL_FZF_HEIGHT', '35%')
+			if height ~= nil and height ~= '' and height ~= '0' then
+				fzf_cmd = fzf_cmd .. ' --height ' .. height .. ' '
 			end
-			fzf_cmd = fzf_cmd .. ' ' .. os.environ('_ZL_FZF_FLAG', '') .. ' '
+			local flag = os.environ('_ZL_FZF_FLAG', '')
+			flag = (flag == '' or flag == nil) and '+s -e' or flag
+			fzf_cmd = fzf_cmd .. ' ' .. flag .. ' '
 			print('zlua_fzf="' .. fzf_cmd .. '"')
 			print(script_fzf_complete_bash)
 		end
@@ -2394,7 +2644,33 @@ end
 
 
 -----------------------------------------------------------------------
--- testing case
+-- LFS optimize
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------
+os.lfs = {}
+os.lfs.enable = os.getenv('_ZL_USE_LFS')
+if os.lfs.enable ~= nil then
+	local m = string.lower(os.lfs.enable)
+	if (m == '1' or m == 'yes' or m == 'true' or m == 't') then
+		os.lfs.status, os.lfs.pkg = pcall(require, 'lfs')
+		if os.lfs.status then
+			local lfs = os.lfs.pkg
+			os.path.exists = function (name)
+				return lfs.attributes(name) and true or false
+			end
+			os.path.isdir = function (name)
+				local mode = lfs.attributes(name)
+				if not mode then 
+					return false
+				end
+				return (mode.mode == 'directory') and true or false
+			end
+		end
+	end
+end
+
+
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------
+-- program entry
 -----------------------------------------------------------------------
 if not pcall(debug.getlocal, 4, 1) then
 	-- main script

z.lua.plugin.zsh

@@ -6,29 +6,31 @@ ZLUA_SCRIPT="${0:A:h}/z.lua"
 
 # search lua executable
 if [[ -z "$ZLUA_EXEC" ]]; then
-	if [[ -x "$(which lua)" ]]; then
-		ZLUA_EXEC="$(which lua)"
-	elif [[ -x "$(which lua5.3)" ]]; then
-		ZLUA_EXEC="$(which lua5.3)"
-	elif [[ -x "$(which lua5.2)" ]]; then
-		ZLUA_EXEC="$(which lua5.2)"
-	elif [[ -x "$(which lua5.1)" ]]; then
-		ZLUA_EXEC="$(which lua5.1)"
+	if [[ -x "$(command which lua)" ]]; then
+		ZLUA_EXEC="$(command which lua)"
+	elif [[ -x "$(command which lua5.3)" ]]; then
+		ZLUA_EXEC="$(command which lua5.3)"
+	elif [[ -x "$(command which lua5.2)" ]]; then
+		ZLUA_EXEC="$(command which lua5.2)"
+	elif [[ -x "$(command which lua5.1)" ]]; then
+		ZLUA_EXEC="$(command which lua5.1)"
 	else
 		echo "Not find lua in your $PATH, please install it."
 		return
 	fi
 fi
 
-export _ZL_FZF_FLAG="-e"
+export _ZL_FZF_FLAG=${_ZL_FZF_FLAG:-"-e"}
 
 eval "$($ZLUA_EXEC $ZLUA_SCRIPT --init zsh once enhanced)"
 
-
-alias zz='z -i'
-alias zc='z -c'
-alias zf='z -I'
-alias zb='z -b'
-alias zh='z -I -t .'
-alias zzc='zz -c'
-
+if [[ -z "$_ZL_NO_ALIASES" ]]; then
+  alias zz='z -i'
+  alias zc='z -c'
+  alias zf='z -I'
+  alias zb='z -b'
+  alias zbi='z -b -i'
+  alias zbf='z -b -I'
+  alias zh='z -I -t .'
+  alias zzc='zz -c'
+fi