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janet/src/core/math.c

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/*
* Copyright (c) 2019 Calvin Rose
*
* Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
* of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to
* deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the
* rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or
* sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
* furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
*
* The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
* all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
*
* THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
* IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
* FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
* AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
* LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING
* FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS
* IN THE SOFTWARE.
*/
#include <math.h>
#ifndef JANET_AMALG
#include <janet.h>
#include "util.h"
#endif
static JANET_THREAD_LOCAL JanetRNG janet_vm_rng = {0, 0, 0, 0, 0};
static Janet janet_rng_get(void *p, Janet key);
static void janet_rng_marshal(void *p, JanetMarshalContext *ctx) {
JanetRNG *rng = (JanetRNG *)p;
janet_marshal_int(ctx, (int32_t) rng->a);
janet_marshal_int(ctx, (int32_t) rng->b);
janet_marshal_int(ctx, (int32_t) rng->c);
janet_marshal_int(ctx, (int32_t) rng->d);
janet_marshal_int(ctx, (int32_t) rng->counter);
}
static void janet_rng_unmarshal(void *p, JanetMarshalContext *ctx) {
JanetRNG *rng = (JanetRNG *)p;
rng->a = (uint32_t) janet_unmarshal_int(ctx);
rng->b = (uint32_t) janet_unmarshal_int(ctx);
rng->c = (uint32_t) janet_unmarshal_int(ctx);
rng->d = (uint32_t) janet_unmarshal_int(ctx);
rng->counter = (uint32_t) janet_unmarshal_int(ctx);
}
static JanetAbstractType JanetRNG_type = {
"core/rng",
NULL,
NULL,
janet_rng_get,
NULL,
janet_rng_marshal,
janet_rng_unmarshal,
NULL
};
JanetRNG *janet_default_rng(void) {
return &janet_vm_rng;
}
void janet_rng_seed(JanetRNG *rng, uint32_t seed) {
rng->a = seed;
rng->b = 0x97654321u;
rng->c = 123871873u;
rng->d = 0xf23f56c8u;
rng->counter = 0u;
/* First several numbers aren't that random. */
for (int i = 0; i < 16; i++) janet_rng_u32(rng);
}
void janet_rng_longseed(JanetRNG *rng, const uint8_t *bytes, int32_t len) {
uint8_t state[16] = {0};
for (int32_t i = 0; i < len; i++)
state[i % 16] ^= bytes[i];
rng->a = state[0] + (state[1] << 8) + (state[2] << 16) + (state[3] << 24);
rng->b = state[4] + (state[5] << 8) + (state[6] << 16) + (state[7] << 24);
rng->c = state[8] + (state[9] << 8) + (state[10] << 16) + (state[11] << 24);
rng->d = state[12] + (state[13] << 8) + (state[14] << 16) + (state[15] << 24);
rng->counter = 0u;
for (int i = 0; i < 16; i++) janet_rng_u32(rng);
}
uint32_t janet_rng_u32(JanetRNG *rng) {
/* Algorithm "xorwow" from p. 5 of Marsaglia, "Xorshift RNGs" */
/* Modified to remove constraint that a, b, c, d != 0 */
uint32_t t = rng->d;
uint32_t const s = rng->a;
rng->d = rng->c;
rng->c = rng->b;
rng->b = s;
t ^= t >> 2;
t ^= t << 1;
t ^= s ^ (s << 4);
rng->a = t + 33;
rng->counter += 362437;
return t + rng->counter;
}
double janet_rng_double(JanetRNG *rng) {
uint32_t hi = janet_rng_u32(rng);
uint32_t lo = janet_rng_u32(rng);
uint64_t big = (uint64_t)(lo) | (((uint64_t) hi) << 32);
return ldexp((double)(big >> (64 - 52)), -52);
}
static Janet cfun_rng_make(int32_t argc, Janet *argv) {
janet_arity(argc, 0, 1);
JanetRNG *rng = janet_abstract(&JanetRNG_type, sizeof(JanetRNG));
if (argc == 1) {
if (janet_checkint(argv[0])) {
uint32_t seed = (uint32_t)(janet_getinteger(argv, 0));
janet_rng_seed(rng, seed);
} else {
JanetByteView bytes = janet_getbytes(argv, 0);
janet_rng_longseed(rng, bytes.bytes, bytes.len);
}
} else {
janet_rng_seed(rng, 0);
}
return janet_wrap_abstract(rng);
}
static Janet cfun_rng_uniform(int32_t argc, Janet *argv) {
janet_fixarity(argc, 1);
JanetRNG *rng = janet_getabstract(argv, 0, &JanetRNG_type);
return janet_wrap_number(janet_rng_double(rng));
}
static Janet cfun_rng_int(int32_t argc, Janet *argv) {
janet_arity(argc, 1, 2);
JanetRNG *rng = janet_getabstract(argv, 0, &JanetRNG_type);
if (argc == 1) {
uint32_t word = janet_rng_u32(rng) >> 1;
return janet_wrap_integer(word);
} else {
int32_t max = janet_optnat(argv, argc, 1, INT32_MAX);
if (max == 0) return janet_wrap_number(0.0);
uint32_t modulo = (uint32_t) max;
uint32_t maxgen = INT32_MAX;
uint32_t maxword = maxgen - (maxgen % modulo);
uint32_t word;
do {
word = janet_rng_u32(rng) >> 1;
} while (word > maxword);
return janet_wrap_integer(word % modulo);
}
}
static const JanetMethod rng_methods[] = {
{"uniform", cfun_rng_uniform},
{"int", cfun_rng_int},
{NULL, NULL}
};
static Janet janet_rng_get(void *p, Janet key) {
(void) p;
if (!janet_checktype(key, JANET_KEYWORD)) janet_panicf("expected keyword method");
return janet_getmethod(janet_unwrap_keyword(key), rng_methods);
}
/* Get a random number */
static Janet janet_rand(int32_t argc, Janet *argv) {
(void) argv;
janet_fixarity(argc, 0);
return janet_wrap_number(janet_rng_double(&janet_vm_rng));
}
/* Seed the random number generator */
static Janet janet_srand(int32_t argc, Janet *argv) {
janet_fixarity(argc, 1);
int32_t x = janet_getinteger(argv, 0);
janet_rng_seed(&janet_vm_rng, (uint32_t) x);
return janet_wrap_nil();
}
static Janet janet_remainder(int32_t argc, Janet *argv) {
janet_fixarity(argc, 2);
double x = janet_getnumber(argv, 0);
double y = janet_getnumber(argv, 1);
return janet_wrap_number(fmod(x, y));
}
#define JANET_DEFINE_MATHOP(name, fop)\
static Janet janet_##name(int32_t argc, Janet *argv) {\
janet_fixarity(argc, 1); \
double x = janet_getnumber(argv, 0); \
return janet_wrap_number(fop(x)); \
}
JANET_DEFINE_MATHOP(acos, acos)
JANET_DEFINE_MATHOP(asin, asin)
JANET_DEFINE_MATHOP(atan, atan)
JANET_DEFINE_MATHOP(cos, cos)
JANET_DEFINE_MATHOP(cosh, cosh)
JANET_DEFINE_MATHOP(acosh, acosh)
JANET_DEFINE_MATHOP(sin, sin)
JANET_DEFINE_MATHOP(sinh, sinh)
JANET_DEFINE_MATHOP(asinh, asinh)
JANET_DEFINE_MATHOP(tan, tan)
JANET_DEFINE_MATHOP(tanh, tanh)
JANET_DEFINE_MATHOP(atanh, atanh)
JANET_DEFINE_MATHOP(exp, exp)
JANET_DEFINE_MATHOP(exp2, exp2)
JANET_DEFINE_MATHOP(expm1, expm1)
JANET_DEFINE_MATHOP(log, log)
JANET_DEFINE_MATHOP(log10, log10)
JANET_DEFINE_MATHOP(log2, log2)
JANET_DEFINE_MATHOP(sqrt, sqrt)
JANET_DEFINE_MATHOP(cbrt, cbrt)
JANET_DEFINE_MATHOP(ceil, ceil)
JANET_DEFINE_MATHOP(fabs, fabs)
JANET_DEFINE_MATHOP(floor, floor)
JANET_DEFINE_MATHOP(trunc, trunc)
JANET_DEFINE_MATHOP(round, round)
#define JANET_DEFINE_MATH2OP(name, fop)\
static Janet janet_##name(int32_t argc, Janet *argv) {\
janet_fixarity(argc, 2); \
double lhs = janet_getnumber(argv, 0); \
double rhs = janet_getnumber(argv, 1); \
return janet_wrap_number(fop(lhs, rhs)); \
}\
JANET_DEFINE_MATH2OP(atan2, atan2)
JANET_DEFINE_MATH2OP(pow, pow)
JANET_DEFINE_MATH2OP(hypot, hypot)
static Janet janet_not(int32_t argc, Janet *argv) {
janet_fixarity(argc, 1);
return janet_wrap_boolean(!janet_truthy(argv[0]));
}
static const JanetReg math_cfuns[] = {
{
"%", janet_remainder,
JDOC("(% dividend divisor)\n\n"
"Returns the remainder of dividend / divisor.")
},
{
"not", janet_not,
JDOC("(not x)\n\nReturns the boolean inverse of x.")
},
{
"math/random", janet_rand,
JDOC("(math/random)\n\n"
"Returns a uniformly distributed random number between 0 and 1.")
},
{
"math/seedrandom", janet_srand,
JDOC("(math/seedrandom seed)\n\n"
"Set the seed for the random number generator. 'seed' should be "
"an integer.")
},
{
"math/cos", janet_cos,
JDOC("(math/cos x)\n\n"
"Returns the cosine of x.")
},
{
"math/sin", janet_sin,
JDOC("(math/sin x)\n\n"
"Returns the sine of x.")
},
{
"math/tan", janet_tan,
JDOC("(math/tan x)\n\n"
"Returns the tangent of x.")
},
{
"math/acos", janet_acos,
JDOC("(math/acos x)\n\n"
"Returns the arccosine of x.")
},
{
"math/asin", janet_asin,
JDOC("(math/asin x)\n\n"
"Returns the arcsine of x.")
},
{
"math/atan", janet_atan,
JDOC("(math/atan x)\n\n"
"Returns the arctangent of x.")
},
{
"math/exp", janet_exp,
JDOC("(math/exp x)\n\n"
"Returns e to the power of x.")
},
{
"math/log", janet_log,
JDOC("(math/log x)\n\n"
"Returns log base natural number of x.")
},
{
"math/log10", janet_log10,
JDOC("(math/log10 x)\n\n"
"Returns log base 10 of x.")
},
{
"math/log2", janet_log2,
JDOC("(math/log2 x)\n\n"
"Returns log base 2 of x.")
},
{
"math/sqrt", janet_sqrt,
JDOC("(math/sqrt x)\n\n"
"Returns the square root of x.")
},
{
"math/cbrt", janet_cbrt,
JDOC("(math/cbrt x)\n\n"
"Returns the cube root of x.")
},
{
"math/floor", janet_floor,
JDOC("(math/floor x)\n\n"
"Returns the largest integer value number that is not greater than x.")
},
{
"math/ceil", janet_ceil,
JDOC("(math/ceil x)\n\n"
"Returns the smallest integer value number that is not less than x.")
},
{
"math/pow", janet_pow,
JDOC("(math/pow a x)\n\n"
"Return a to the power of x.")
},
{
"math/abs", janet_fabs,
JDOC("(math/abs x)\n\n"
"Return the absolute value of x.")
},
{
"math/sinh", janet_sinh,
JDOC("(math/sinh x)\n\n"
"Return the hyperbolic sine of x.")
},
{
"math/cosh", janet_cosh,
JDOC("(math/cosh x)\n\n"
"Return the hyperbolic cosine of x.")
},
{
"math/tanh", janet_tanh,
JDOC("(math/tanh x)\n\n"
"Return the hyperbolic tangent of x.")
},
{
"math/atanh", janet_atanh,
JDOC("(math/atanh x)\n\n"
"Return the hyperbolic arctangent of x.")
},
{
"math/asinh", janet_asinh,
JDOC("(math/asinh x)\n\n"
"Return the hyperbolic arcsine of x.")
},
{
"math/acosh", janet_acosh,
JDOC("(math/acosh x)\n\n"
"Return the hyperbolic arccosine of x.")
},
{
"math/atan2", janet_atan2,
JDOC("(math/atan2 y x)\n\n"
"Return the arctangent of y/x. Works even when x is 0.")
},
{
"math/rng", cfun_rng_make,
JDOC("(math/rng &opt seed)\n\n"
"Creates a Psuedo-Random number generator, with an optional seed. "
"The seed should be an unsigned 32 bit integer. "
"Do not use this for cryptography. Returns a core/rng abstract type.")
},
{
"math/rng-uniform", cfun_rng_uniform,
JDOC("(math/rng-seed rng seed)\n\n"
"Extract a random number in the range [0, 1) from the RNG.")
},
{
"math/rng-int", cfun_rng_int,
JDOC("(math/rng-int rng &opt max)\n\n"
"Extract a random random integer in the range [0, max] from the RNG. If "
"no max is given, the default is 2^31 - 1.")
},
{
"math/hypot", janet_hypot,
JDOC("(math/hypot a b)\n\n"
"Returns the c from the equation c^2 = a^2 + b^2")
},
{
"math/exp2", janet_exp2,
JDOC("(math/exp2 x)\n\n"
"Returns 2 to the power of x.")
},
{
"math/expm1", janet_expm1,
JDOC("(math/expm1 x)\n\n"
"Returns e to the power of x minus 1.")
},
{
"math/trunc", janet_trunc,
JDOC("(math/trunc x)\n\n"
"Returns the integer between x and 0 nearest to x.")
},
{
"math/round", janet_round,
JDOC("(math/round x)\n\n"
"Returns the integer nearest to x.")
},
{NULL, NULL, NULL}
};
/* Module entry point */
void janet_lib_math(JanetTable *env) {
janet_core_cfuns(env, NULL, math_cfuns);
#ifdef JANET_BOOTSTRAP
janet_def(env, "math/pi", janet_wrap_number(3.1415926535897931),
JDOC("The value pi."));
janet_def(env, "math/e", janet_wrap_number(2.7182818284590451),
JDOC("The base of the natural log."));
janet_def(env, "math/inf", janet_wrap_number(INFINITY),
JDOC("The number representing positive infinity"));
janet_def(env, "math/-inf", janet_wrap_number(-INFINITY),
JDOC("The number representing negative infinity"));
#endif
}
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