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@ -7,14 +7,14 @@
<img src="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/janet-lang/janet/master/assets/janet-w200.png" alt="Janet logo" width=200 align="left"> <img src="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/janet-lang/janet/master/assets/janet-w200.png" alt="Janet logo" width=200 align="left">
**Janet** is a functional and imperative programming language and bytecode interpreter. It is a **Janet** is a functional and imperative programming language and bytecode interpreter. It is a
lisp-like language, but lists are replaced Lisp-like language, but lists are replaced
by other data structures (arrays, tables (hash table), struct (immutable hash table), tuples). by other data structures (arrays, tables (hash table), struct (immutable hash table), tuples).
The language also supports bridging to native code written in C, meta-programming with macros, and bytecode assembly. The language also supports bridging to native code written in C, meta-programming with macros, and bytecode assembly.
There is a REPL for trying out the language, as well as the ability There is a REPL for trying out the language, as well as the ability
to run script files. This client program is separate from the core runtime, so to run script files. This client program is separate from the core runtime, so
Janet can be embedded in other programs. Try Janet in your browser at Janet can be embedded in other programs. Try Janet in your browser at
[https://janet-lang.org](https://janet-lang.org). <https://janet-lang.org>.
If you'd like to financially support the ongoing development of Janet, consider If you'd like to financially support the ongoing development of Janet, consider
[sponsoring its primary author](https://github.com/sponsors/bakpakin) through GitHub. [sponsoring its primary author](https://github.com/sponsors/bakpakin) through GitHub.
@ -41,8 +41,8 @@ Lua, but smaller than GNU Guile or Python.
* Macros * Macros
* Multithreading * Multithreading
* Per-thread event loop for efficient evented IO * Per-thread event loop for efficient evented IO
* Byte code interpreter with an assembly interface, as well as bytecode verification * Bytecode interpreter with an assembly interface, as well as bytecode verification
* Tail call Optimization * Tail-call optimization
* Direct interop with C via abstract types and C functions * Direct interop with C via abstract types and C functions
* Dynamically load C libraries * Dynamically load C libraries
* Functional and imperative standard library * Functional and imperative standard library
@ -57,7 +57,7 @@ Lua, but smaller than GNU Guile or Python.
## Documentation ## Documentation
* For a quick tutorial, see [the introduction](https://janet-lang.org/docs/index.html) for more details. * For a quick tutorial, see [the introduction](https://janet-lang.org/docs/index.html) for more details.
* For the full API for all functions in the core library, see [the core API doc](https://janet-lang.org/api/index.html) * For the full API for all functions in the core library, see [the core API doc](https://janet-lang.org/api/index.html).
Documentation is also available locally in the REPL. Documentation is also available locally in the REPL.
Use the `(doc symbol-name)` macro to get API Use the `(doc symbol-name)` macro to get API
@ -65,7 +65,7 @@ documentation for symbols in the core library. For example,
``` ```
(doc apply) (doc apply)
``` ```
Shows documentation for the `apply` function. shows documentation for the `apply` function.
To get a list of all bindings in the default To get a list of all bindings in the default
environment, use the `(all-bindings)` function. You environment, use the `(all-bindings)` function. You
@ -84,7 +84,7 @@ the SourceHut mirror is actively maintained.
The Makefile is non-portable and requires GNU-flavored make. The Makefile is non-portable and requires GNU-flavored make.
``` ```sh
cd somewhere/my/projects/janet cd somewhere/my/projects/janet
make make
make test make test
@ -100,7 +100,7 @@ Find out more about the available make targets by running `make help`.
32-bit Haiku build instructions are the same as the UNIX-like build instructions, 32-bit Haiku build instructions are the same as the UNIX-like build instructions,
but you need to specify an alternative compiler, such as `gcc-x86`. but you need to specify an alternative compiler, such as `gcc-x86`.
``` ```sh
cd somewhere/my/projects/janet cd somewhere/my/projects/janet
make CC=gcc-x86 make CC=gcc-x86
make test make test
@ -112,10 +112,9 @@ make install-jpm-git
### FreeBSD ### FreeBSD
FreeBSD build instructions are the same as the UNIX-like build instructions, FreeBSD build instructions are the same as the UNIX-like build instructions,
but you need `gmake` to compile. Alternatively, install directly from but you need `gmake` to compile. Alternatively, install the package directly with `pkg install lang/janet`.
packages, using `pkg install lang/janet`.
``` ```sh
cd somewhere/my/projects/janet cd somewhere/my/projects/janet
gmake gmake
gmake test gmake test
@ -127,19 +126,19 @@ gmake install-jpm-git
### NetBSD ### NetBSD
NetBSD build instructions are the same as the FreeBSD build instructions. NetBSD build instructions are the same as the FreeBSD build instructions.
Alternatively, install directly from packages, using `pkgin install janet`. Alternatively, install the package directly with `pkgin install janet`.
### Windows ### Windows
1. Install [Visual Studio](https://visualstudio.microsoft.com/thank-you-downloading-visual-studio/?sku=Community&rel=15#) or [Visual Studio Build Tools](https://visualstudio.microsoft.com/thank-you-downloading-visual-studio/?sku=BuildTools&rel=15#) 1. Install [Visual Studio](https://visualstudio.microsoft.com/thank-you-downloading-visual-studio/?sku=Community&rel=15#) or [Visual Studio Build Tools](https://visualstudio.microsoft.com/thank-you-downloading-visual-studio/?sku=BuildTools&rel=15#).
2. Run a Visual Studio Command Prompt (cl.exe and link.exe need to be on the PATH) and cd to the directory with janet. 2. Run a Visual Studio Command Prompt (`cl.exe` and `link.exe` need to be on your PATH) and `cd` to the directory with Janet.
3. Run `build_win` to compile janet. 3. Run `build_win` to compile Janet.
4. Run `build_win test` to make sure everything is working. 4. Run `build_win test` to make sure everything is working.
To build an `.msi` installer executable, in addition to the above steps, you will have to: To build an `.msi` installer executable, in addition to the above steps, you will have to:
5. Install, or otherwise add to your PATH the [WiX 3.11 Toolset](https://github.com/wixtoolset/wix3/releases) 5. Install, or otherwise add to your PATH the [WiX 3.11 Toolset](https://github.com/wixtoolset/wix3/releases).
6. run `build_win dist` 6. Run `build_win dist`.
Now you should have an `.msi`. You can run `build_win install` to install the `.msi`, or execute the file itself. Now you should have an `.msi`. You can run `build_win install` to install the `.msi`, or execute the file itself.
@ -175,9 +174,9 @@ ninja -C build install
Janet can be hacked on with pretty much any environment you like, but for IDE Janet can be hacked on with pretty much any environment you like, but for IDE
lovers, [Gnome Builder](https://wiki.gnome.org/Apps/Builder) is probably the lovers, [Gnome Builder](https://wiki.gnome.org/Apps/Builder) is probably the
best option, as it has excellent meson integration. It also offers code completion best option, as it has excellent Meson integration. It also offers code completion
for Janet's C API right out of the box, which is very useful for exploring. VSCode, Vim, for Janet's C API right out of the box, which is very useful for exploring. VSCode, Vim,
Emacs, and Atom will have syntax packages for the Janet language, though. Emacs, and Atom each have syntax packages for the Janet language, though.
## Installation ## Installation
@ -186,8 +185,8 @@ to try out the language, you don't need to install anything. You can also move t
## Usage ## Usage
A REPL is launched when the binary is invoked with no arguments. Pass the -h flag A REPL is launched when the binary is invoked with no arguments. Pass the `-h` flag
to display the usage information. Individual scripts can be run with `./janet myscript.janet` to display the usage information. Individual scripts can be run with `./janet myscript.janet`.
If you are looking to explore, you can print a list of all available macros, functions, and constants If you are looking to explore, you can print a list of all available macros, functions, and constants
by entering the command `(all-bindings)` into the REPL. by entering the command `(all-bindings)` into the REPL.
@ -226,8 +225,8 @@ If installed, you can also run `man janet` to get usage information.
Janet can be embedded in a host program very easily. The normal build Janet can be embedded in a host program very easily. The normal build
will create a file `build/janet.c`, which is a single C file will create a file `build/janet.c`, which is a single C file
that contains all the source to Janet. This file, along with that contains all the source to Janet. This file, along with
`src/include/janet.h` and `src/conf/janetconf.h` can be dragged into any C `src/include/janet.h` and `src/conf/janetconf.h`, can be dragged into any C
project and compiled into the project. Janet should be compiled with `-std=c99` project and compiled into it. Janet should be compiled with `-std=c99`
on most compilers, and will need to be linked to the math library, `-lm`, and on most compilers, and will need to be linked to the math library, `-lm`, and
the dynamic linker, `-ldl`, if one wants to be able to load dynamic modules. If the dynamic linker, `-ldl`, if one wants to be able to load dynamic modules. If
there is no need for dynamic modules, add the define there is no need for dynamic modules, add the define
@ -237,24 +236,24 @@ See the [Embedding Section](https://janet-lang.org/capi/embedding.html) on the w
## Examples ## Examples
See the examples directory for some example janet code. See the examples directory for some example Janet code.
## Discussion ## Discussion
Feel free to ask questions and join the discussion on the [Janet Gitter Channel](https://gitter.im/janet-language/community). Feel free to ask questions and join the discussion on the [Janet Gitter channel](https://gitter.im/janet-language/community).
Gitter provides Matrix and irc bridges as well. Gitter provides Matrix and IRC bridges as well.
## FAQ ## FAQ
### Where is (favorite feature from other language)? ### Where is (favorite feature from other language)?
It may exist, it may not. If you want to propose major language features, go ahead and open an issue, but It may exist, it may not. If you want to propose a major language feature, go ahead and open an issue, but
they will likely by closed as "will not implement". Often, such features make one usecase simpler at the expense it will likely be closed as "will not implement". Often, such features make one usecase simpler at the expense
of 5 others by making the language more complicated. of 5 others by making the language more complicated.
### Is there a language spec? ### Is there a language spec?
There is not currently a spec besides the documentation at https://janet-lang.org. There is not currently a spec besides the documentation at <https://janet-lang.org>.
### Is this Scheme/Common Lisp? Where are the cons cells? ### Is this Scheme/Common Lisp? Where are the cons cells?
@ -270,13 +269,13 @@ Internally, Janet is not at all like Clojure.
No. They are immutable arrays and hash tables. Don't try and use them like Clojure's vectors No. They are immutable arrays and hash tables. Don't try and use them like Clojure's vectors
and maps, instead they work well as table keys or other identifiers. and maps, instead they work well as table keys or other identifiers.
### Can I do Object Oriented programming with Janet? ### Can I do object-oriented programming with Janet?
To some extent, yes. However, it is not the recommended method of abstraction, and performance may suffer. To some extent, yes. However, it is not the recommended method of abstraction, and performance may suffer.
That said, tables can be used to make mutable objects with inheritance and polymorphism, where object That said, tables can be used to make mutable objects with inheritance and polymorphism, where object
methods are implemeted with keywords. methods are implemented with keywords.
``` ```clj
(def Car @{:honk (fn [self msg] (print "car " self " goes " msg)) }) (def Car @{:honk (fn [self msg] (print "car " self " goes " msg)) })
(def my-car (table/setproto @{} Car)) (def my-car (table/setproto @{} Car))
(:honk my-car "Beep!") (:honk my-car "Beep!")
@ -287,9 +286,9 @@ methods are implemeted with keywords.
Usually, one of a few reasons: Usually, one of a few reasons:
- Often, it already exists in a different form and the Clojure port would be redundant. - Often, it already exists in a different form and the Clojure port would be redundant.
- Clojure programs often generate a lot of garbage and rely on the JVM to clean it up. - Clojure programs often generate a lot of garbage and rely on the JVM to clean it up.
Janet does not run on the JVM, and has a more primitive garbage collector. Janet does not run on the JVM and has a more primitive garbage collector.
- We want to keep the Janet core small. With Lisps, usually a feature can be added as a library - We want to keep the Janet core small. With Lisps, a feature can usually be added as a library
without feeling "bolted on", especially when compared to ALGOL like languages. Adding features without feeling "bolted on", especially when compared to ALGOL-like languages. Adding features
to the core also makes it a bit more difficult to keep Janet maximally portable. to the core also makes it a bit more difficult to keep Janet maximally portable.
### Why is my terminal spitting out junk when I run the REPL? ### Why is my terminal spitting out junk when I run the REPL?
@ -297,7 +296,7 @@ Usually, one of a few reasons:
Make sure your terminal supports ANSI escape codes. Most modern terminals will Make sure your terminal supports ANSI escape codes. Most modern terminals will
support these, but some older terminals, Windows consoles, or embedded terminals support these, but some older terminals, Windows consoles, or embedded terminals
will not. If your terminal does not support ANSI escape codes, run the REPL with will not. If your terminal does not support ANSI escape codes, run the REPL with
the `-n` flag, which disables color output. You can also try the `-s` if further issues the `-n` flag, which disables color output. You can also try the `-s` flag if further issues
ensue. ensue.
## Why is it called "Janet"? ## Why is it called "Janet"?