gnss-sdr/src/algorithms/observables/gnuradio_blocks/hybrid_observables_cc.cc

/*!
 * \file hybrid_observables_cc.cc
 * \brief Implementation of the observables computation block
 * \author Javier Arribas 2017. jarribas(at)cttc.es
 * \author Antonio Ramos  2018. antonio.ramos(at)cttc.es
 *
 * -------------------------------------------------------------------------
 *
 * Copyright (C) 2010-2018  (see AUTHORS file for a list of contributors)
 *
 * GNSS-SDR is a software defined Global Navigation
 *          Satellite Systems receiver
 *
 * This file is part of GNSS-SDR.
 *
 * GNSS-SDR is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
 * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
 * the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
 * (at your option) any later version.
 *
 * GNSS-SDR is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
 * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
 * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
 * GNU General Public License for more details.
 *
 * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
 * along with GNSS-SDR. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 *
 * -------------------------------------------------------------------------
 */

#include "hybrid_observables_cc.h"
#include "display.h"
#include "GPS_L1_CA.h"
#include <armadillo>
#include <glog/logging.h>
#include <gnuradio/io_signature.h>
#include <matio.h>
#include <algorithm>
#include <cmath>
#include <iostream>
#include <limits>


using google::LogMessage;


hybrid_observables_cc_sptr hybrid_make_observables_cc(unsigned int nchannels_in, unsigned int nchannels_out, bool dump, std::string dump_filename)
{
    return hybrid_observables_cc_sptr(new hybrid_observables_cc(nchannels_in, nchannels_out, dump, dump_filename));
}


hybrid_observables_cc::hybrid_observables_cc(unsigned int nchannels_in,
    unsigned int nchannels_out,
    bool dump,
    std::string dump_filename) : gr::block("hybrid_observables_cc",
                                     gr::io_signature::make(nchannels_in, nchannels_in, sizeof(Gnss_Synchro)),
                                     gr::io_signature::make(nchannels_out, nchannels_out, sizeof(Gnss_Synchro)))
{
    d_dump = dump;
    d_nchannels = nchannels_out;
    d_dump_filename = dump_filename;
    T_rx_s = 0.0;
    T_rx_step_s = 0.001;  // 1 ms
    max_delta = 3.5;      // 3.5 s
    d_latency = 0.08;     // 80 ms
    valid_channels.resize(d_nchannels, false);
    d_num_valid_channels = 0;
    d_gnss_synchro_history = new Gnss_circular_deque<Gnss_Synchro>(static_cast<unsigned int>(max_delta * 1000.0), d_nchannels);

    // ############# ENABLE DATA FILE LOG #################
    if (d_dump)
        {
            if (!d_dump_file.is_open())
                {
                    try
                        {
                            d_dump_file.exceptions(std::ifstream::failbit | std::ifstream::badbit);
                            d_dump_file.open(d_dump_filename.c_str(), std::ios::out | std::ios::binary);
                            LOG(INFO) << "Observables dump enabled Log file: " << d_dump_filename.c_str();
                        }
                    catch (const std::ifstream::failure &e)
                        {
                            LOG(WARNING) << "Exception opening observables dump file " << e.what();
                            d_dump = false;
                        }
                }
        }
}


hybrid_observables_cc::~hybrid_observables_cc()
{
    delete d_gnss_synchro_history;
    if (d_dump_file.is_open())
        {
            try
                {
                    d_dump_file.close();
                }
            catch (const std::exception &ex)
                {
                    LOG(WARNING) << "Exception in destructor closing the dump file " << ex.what();
                }
        }
    if (d_dump)
        {
            std::cout << "Writing observables .mat files ...";
            save_matfile();
            std::cout << " done." << std::endl;
        }
}


int hybrid_observables_cc::save_matfile()
{
    // READ DUMP FILE
    std::ifstream::pos_type size;
    int number_of_double_vars = 7;
    int epoch_size_bytes = sizeof(double) * number_of_double_vars * d_nchannels;
    std::ifstream dump_file;
    dump_file.exceptions(std::ifstream::failbit | std::ifstream::badbit);
    try
        {
            dump_file.open(d_dump_filename.c_str(), std::ios::binary | std::ios::ate);
        }
    catch (const std::ifstream::failure &e)
        {
            std::cerr << "Problem opening dump file:" << e.what() << std::endl;
            return 1;
        }
    // count number of epochs and rewind
    long int num_epoch = 0;
    if (dump_file.is_open())
        {
            size = dump_file.tellg();
            num_epoch = static_cast<long int>(size) / static_cast<long int>(epoch_size_bytes);
            dump_file.seekg(0, std::ios::beg);
        }
    else
        {
            return 1;
        }
    double **RX_time = new double *[d_nchannels];
    double **TOW_at_current_symbol_s = new double *[d_nchannels];
    double **Carrier_Doppler_hz = new double *[d_nchannels];
    double **Carrier_phase_cycles = new double *[d_nchannels];
    double **Pseudorange_m = new double *[d_nchannels];
    double **PRN = new double *[d_nchannels];
    double **Flag_valid_pseudorange = new double *[d_nchannels];

    for (unsigned int i = 0; i < d_nchannels; i++)
        {
            RX_time[i] = new double[num_epoch];
            TOW_at_current_symbol_s[i] = new double[num_epoch];
            Carrier_Doppler_hz[i] = new double[num_epoch];
            Carrier_phase_cycles[i] = new double[num_epoch];
            Pseudorange_m[i] = new double[num_epoch];
            PRN[i] = new double[num_epoch];
            Flag_valid_pseudorange[i] = new double[num_epoch];
        }

    try
        {
            if (dump_file.is_open())
                {
                    for (long int i = 0; i < num_epoch; i++)
                        {
                            for (unsigned int chan = 0; chan < d_nchannels; chan++)
                                {
                                    dump_file.read(reinterpret_cast<char *>(&RX_time[chan][i]), sizeof(double));
                                    dump_file.read(reinterpret_cast<char *>(&TOW_at_current_symbol_s[chan][i]), sizeof(double));
                                    dump_file.read(reinterpret_cast<char *>(&Carrier_Doppler_hz[chan][i]), sizeof(double));
                                    dump_file.read(reinterpret_cast<char *>(&Carrier_phase_cycles[chan][i]), sizeof(double));
                                    dump_file.read(reinterpret_cast<char *>(&Pseudorange_m[chan][i]), sizeof(double));
                                    dump_file.read(reinterpret_cast<char *>(&PRN[chan][i]), sizeof(double));
                                    dump_file.read(reinterpret_cast<char *>(&Flag_valid_pseudorange[chan][i]), sizeof(double));
                                }
                        }
                }
            dump_file.close();
        }
    catch (const std::ifstream::failure &e)
        {
            std::cerr << "Problem reading dump file:" << e.what() << std::endl;
            for (unsigned int i = 0; i < d_nchannels; i++)
                {
                    delete[] RX_time[i];
                    delete[] TOW_at_current_symbol_s[i];
                    delete[] Carrier_Doppler_hz[i];
                    delete[] Carrier_phase_cycles[i];
                    delete[] Pseudorange_m[i];
                    delete[] PRN[i];
                    delete[] Flag_valid_pseudorange[i];
                }
            delete[] RX_time;
            delete[] TOW_at_current_symbol_s;
            delete[] Carrier_Doppler_hz;
            delete[] Carrier_phase_cycles;
            delete[] Pseudorange_m;
            delete[] PRN;
            delete[] Flag_valid_pseudorange;

            return 1;
        }

    double *RX_time_aux = new double[d_nchannels * num_epoch];
    double *TOW_at_current_symbol_s_aux = new double[d_nchannels * num_epoch];
    double *Carrier_Doppler_hz_aux = new double[d_nchannels * num_epoch];
    double *Carrier_phase_cycles_aux = new double[d_nchannels * num_epoch];
    double *Pseudorange_m_aux = new double[d_nchannels * num_epoch];
    double *PRN_aux = new double[d_nchannels * num_epoch];
    double *Flag_valid_pseudorange_aux = new double[d_nchannels * num_epoch];
    unsigned int k = 0;
    for (long int j = 0; j < num_epoch; j++)
        {
            for (unsigned int i = 0; i < d_nchannels; i++)
                {
                    RX_time_aux[k] = RX_time[i][j];
                    TOW_at_current_symbol_s_aux[k] = TOW_at_current_symbol_s[i][j];
                    Carrier_Doppler_hz_aux[k] = Carrier_Doppler_hz[i][j];
                    Carrier_phase_cycles_aux[k] = Carrier_phase_cycles[i][j];
                    Pseudorange_m_aux[k] = Pseudorange_m[i][j];
                    PRN_aux[k] = PRN[i][j];
                    Flag_valid_pseudorange_aux[k] = Flag_valid_pseudorange[i][j];
                    k++;
                }
        }

    // WRITE MAT FILE
    mat_t *matfp;
    matvar_t *matvar;
    std::string filename = d_dump_filename;
    if (filename.size() > 4)
        {
            filename.erase(filename.end() - 4, filename.end());
        }
    filename.append(".mat");
    matfp = Mat_CreateVer(filename.c_str(), NULL, MAT_FT_MAT73);
    if (reinterpret_cast<long *>(matfp) != NULL)
        {
            size_t dims[2] = {static_cast<size_t>(d_nchannels), static_cast<size_t>(num_epoch)};
            matvar = Mat_VarCreate("RX_time", MAT_C_DOUBLE, MAT_T_DOUBLE, 2, dims, RX_time_aux, MAT_F_DONT_COPY_DATA);
            Mat_VarWrite(matfp, matvar, MAT_COMPRESSION_ZLIB);  // or MAT_COMPRESSION_NONE
            Mat_VarFree(matvar);

            matvar = Mat_VarCreate("TOW_at_current_symbol_s", MAT_C_DOUBLE, MAT_T_DOUBLE, 2, dims, TOW_at_current_symbol_s_aux, MAT_F_DONT_COPY_DATA);
            Mat_VarWrite(matfp, matvar, MAT_COMPRESSION_ZLIB);  // or MAT_COMPRESSION_NONE
            Mat_VarFree(matvar);

            matvar = Mat_VarCreate("Carrier_Doppler_hz", MAT_C_DOUBLE, MAT_T_DOUBLE, 2, dims, Carrier_Doppler_hz_aux, MAT_F_DONT_COPY_DATA);
            Mat_VarWrite(matfp, matvar, MAT_COMPRESSION_ZLIB);  // or MAT_COMPRESSION_NONE
            Mat_VarFree(matvar);

            matvar = Mat_VarCreate("Carrier_phase_cycles", MAT_C_DOUBLE, MAT_T_DOUBLE, 2, dims, Carrier_phase_cycles_aux, MAT_F_DONT_COPY_DATA);
            Mat_VarWrite(matfp, matvar, MAT_COMPRESSION_ZLIB);  // or MAT_COMPRESSION_NONE
            Mat_VarFree(matvar);

            matvar = Mat_VarCreate("Pseudorange_m", MAT_C_DOUBLE, MAT_T_DOUBLE, 2, dims, Pseudorange_m_aux, MAT_F_DONT_COPY_DATA);
            Mat_VarWrite(matfp, matvar, MAT_COMPRESSION_ZLIB);  // or MAT_COMPRESSION_NONE
            Mat_VarFree(matvar);

            matvar = Mat_VarCreate("PRN", MAT_C_DOUBLE, MAT_T_DOUBLE, 2, dims, PRN_aux, MAT_F_DONT_COPY_DATA);
            Mat_VarWrite(matfp, matvar, MAT_COMPRESSION_ZLIB);  // or MAT_COMPRESSION_NONE
            Mat_VarFree(matvar);

            matvar = Mat_VarCreate("Flag_valid_pseudorange", MAT_C_DOUBLE, MAT_T_DOUBLE, 2, dims, Flag_valid_pseudorange_aux, MAT_F_DONT_COPY_DATA);
            Mat_VarWrite(matfp, matvar, MAT_COMPRESSION_ZLIB);  // or MAT_COMPRESSION_NONE
            Mat_VarFree(matvar);
        }
    Mat_Close(matfp);

    for (unsigned int i = 0; i < d_nchannels; i++)
        {
            delete[] RX_time[i];
            delete[] TOW_at_current_symbol_s[i];
            delete[] Carrier_Doppler_hz[i];
            delete[] Carrier_phase_cycles[i];
            delete[] Pseudorange_m[i];
            delete[] PRN[i];
            delete[] Flag_valid_pseudorange[i];
        }
    delete[] RX_time;
    delete[] TOW_at_current_symbol_s;
    delete[] Carrier_Doppler_hz;
    delete[] Carrier_phase_cycles;
    delete[] Pseudorange_m;
    delete[] PRN;
    delete[] Flag_valid_pseudorange;

    delete[] RX_time_aux;
    delete[] TOW_at_current_symbol_s_aux;
    delete[] Carrier_Doppler_hz_aux;
    delete[] Carrier_phase_cycles_aux;
    delete[] Pseudorange_m_aux;
    delete[] PRN_aux;
    delete[] Flag_valid_pseudorange_aux;
    return 0;
}


bool hybrid_observables_cc::interpolate_data(Gnss_Synchro &out, const unsigned int &ch, const double &ti)
{
    if ((ti < d_gnss_synchro_history->front(ch).RX_time) or (ti > d_gnss_synchro_history->back(ch).RX_time))
        {
            return false;
        }
    std::pair<unsigned int, unsigned int> ind = find_interp_elements(ch, ti);

    //Linear interpolation: y(t) = y(t1) + (y(t2) - y(t1)) * (t - t1) / (t2 - t1)

    // CARRIER PHASE INTERPOLATION

    out.Carrier_phase_rads = d_gnss_synchro_history->at(ch, ind.first).Carrier_phase_rads + (d_gnss_synchro_history->at(ch, ind.second).Carrier_phase_rads - d_gnss_synchro_history->at(ch, ind.first).Carrier_phase_rads) * (ti - d_gnss_synchro_history->at(ch, ind.first).RX_time) / (d_gnss_synchro_history->at(ch, ind.second).RX_time - d_gnss_synchro_history->at(ch, ind.first).RX_time);

    // CARRIER DOPPLER INTERPOLATION

    out.Carrier_Doppler_hz = d_gnss_synchro_history->at(ch, ind.first).Carrier_Doppler_hz + (d_gnss_synchro_history->at(ch, ind.second).Carrier_Doppler_hz - d_gnss_synchro_history->at(ch, ind.first).Carrier_Doppler_hz) * (ti - d_gnss_synchro_history->at(ch, ind.first).RX_time) / (d_gnss_synchro_history->at(ch, ind.second).RX_time - d_gnss_synchro_history->at(ch, ind.first).RX_time);

    // TOW INTERPOLATION

    out.TOW_at_current_symbol_s = d_gnss_synchro_history->at(ch, ind.first).TOW_at_current_symbol_s + (d_gnss_synchro_history->at(ch, ind.second).TOW_at_current_symbol_s - d_gnss_synchro_history->at(ch, ind.first).TOW_at_current_symbol_s) * (ti - d_gnss_synchro_history->at(ch, ind.first).RX_time) / (d_gnss_synchro_history->at(ch, ind.second).RX_time - d_gnss_synchro_history->at(ch, ind.first).RX_time);

    return true;
}


double hybrid_observables_cc::compute_T_rx_s(const Gnss_Synchro &a)
{
    if (a.Flag_valid_word)
        {
            return ((static_cast<double>(a.Tracking_sample_counter) + a.Code_phase_samples) / static_cast<double>(a.fs));
        }
    else
        {
            return 0.0;
        }
}

std::pair<unsigned int, unsigned int> hybrid_observables_cc::find_interp_elements(const unsigned int &ch, const double &ti)
{
    unsigned int closest = 0;
    double dif = std::numeric_limits<double>::max();
    double dt = 0.0;
    for (unsigned int i = 0; i < d_gnss_synchro_history->size(ch); i++)
        {
            dt = ti - d_gnss_synchro_history->at(ch, i).RX_time;
            if (dt < dif and dt > 0.0)
                {
                    dif = dt;
                    closest = i;
                }
        }
    unsigned int index1;
    unsigned int index2;
    if (closest == 0)
        {
            index1 = 0;
            index2 = 1;
        }
    else if (closest == (d_gnss_synchro_history->size(ch) - 1))
        {
            index1 = d_gnss_synchro_history->size(ch) - 2;
            index2 = d_gnss_synchro_history->size(ch) - 1;
        }
    else
        {
            index1 = closest;
            index2 = closest + 1;
        }
    return std::pair<unsigned int, unsigned int>(index1, index2);
}


void hybrid_observables_cc::forecast(int noutput_items __attribute__((unused)),
    gr_vector_int &ninput_items_required)
{
    for (unsigned int i = 0; i < d_nchannels; i++)
        {
            ninput_items_required[i] = 0;
        }
    ninput_items_required[d_nchannels] = 1;
}


void hybrid_observables_cc::clean_history(unsigned int pos)
{
    while (d_gnss_synchro_history->size(pos) > 0)
        {
            if ((T_rx_s - d_gnss_synchro_history->front(pos).RX_time) > max_delta)
                {
                    d_gnss_synchro_history->pop_front(pos);
                }
            else
                {
                    return;
                }
        }
}


void hybrid_observables_cc::correct_TOW_and_compute_prange(std::vector<Gnss_Synchro> &data)
{
    std::vector<Gnss_Synchro>::iterator it;

/////////////////////// DEBUG //////////////////////////
//   Logs if there is a pseudorange difference between
//   signals of the same satellite higher than a threshold
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
#ifndef NDEBUG
    std::vector<Gnss_Synchro>::iterator it2;
    double thr_ = 250.0 / SPEED_OF_LIGHT;  // Maximum pseudorange difference = 250 meters
    for (it = data.begin(); it != (data.end() - 1); it++)
        {
            for (it2 = it + 1; it2 != data.end(); it2++)
                {
                    if (it->PRN == it2->PRN and it->System == it2->System)
                        {
                            double tow_dif_ = std::fabs(it->TOW_at_current_symbol_s - it2->TOW_at_current_symbol_s);
                            if (tow_dif_ > thr_)
                                {
                                    DLOG(INFO) << "System " << it->System << ". Signals " << it->Signal << " and " << it2->Signal
                                               << ". TOW difference in PRN " << it->PRN
                                               << " = " << tow_dif_ * 1e3 << "[ms]. Equivalent to " << tow_dif_ * SPEED_OF_LIGHT
                                               << " meters in pseudorange";
                                    std::cout << TEXT_RED << "System " << it->System << ". Signals " << it->Signal << " and " << it2->Signal
                                              << ". TOW difference in PRN " << it->PRN
                                              << " = " << tow_dif_ * 1e3 << "[ms]. Equivalent to " << tow_dif_ * SPEED_OF_LIGHT
                                              << " meters in pseudorange" << TEXT_RESET << std::endl;
                                }
                        }
                }
        }
#endif
    ///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

    double TOW_ref = std::numeric_limits<double>::lowest();
    for (it = data.begin(); it != data.end(); it++)
        {
            if (it->TOW_at_current_symbol_s > TOW_ref)
                {
                    TOW_ref = it->TOW_at_current_symbol_s;
                }
        }
    for (it = data.begin(); it != data.end(); it++)
        {
            double traveltime_s = TOW_ref - it->TOW_at_current_symbol_s + GPS_STARTOFFSET_ms / 1000.0;
            it->RX_time = TOW_ref + GPS_STARTOFFSET_ms / 1000.0;
            it->Pseudorange_m = traveltime_s * SPEED_OF_LIGHT;
        }
}


int hybrid_observables_cc::general_work(int noutput_items __attribute__((unused)),
    gr_vector_int &ninput_items, gr_vector_const_void_star &input_items,
    gr_vector_void_star &output_items)
{
    const Gnss_Synchro **in = reinterpret_cast<const Gnss_Synchro **>(&input_items[0]);
    Gnss_Synchro **out = reinterpret_cast<Gnss_Synchro **>(&output_items[0]);

    unsigned int i;
    int total_input_items = 0;
    for (i = 0; i < d_nchannels; i++)
        {
            total_input_items += ninput_items[i];
        }
    consume(d_nchannels, 1);
    T_rx_s += T_rx_step_s;

    //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
    if ((total_input_items == 0) and (d_num_valid_channels == 0))
        {
            return 0;
        }
    //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

    if (total_input_items > 0)
        {
            for (i = 0; i < d_nchannels; i++)
                {
                    if (ninput_items[i] > 0)
                        {
                            // Add the new Gnss_Synchros to their corresponding deque
                            for (int aux = 0; aux < ninput_items[i]; aux++)
                                {
                                    if (in[i][aux].Flag_valid_word)
                                        {
                                            d_gnss_synchro_history->push_back(i, in[i][aux]);
                                            d_gnss_synchro_history->back(i).RX_time = compute_T_rx_s(in[i][aux]);
                                            // Check if the last Gnss_Synchro comes from the same satellite as the previous ones
                                            if (d_gnss_synchro_history->size(i) > 1)
                                                {
                                                    if (d_gnss_synchro_history->front(i).PRN != d_gnss_synchro_history->back(i).PRN)
                                                        {
                                                            d_gnss_synchro_history->clear(i);
                                                        }
                                                }
                                        }
                                }
                            consume(i, ninput_items[i]);
                        }
                }
        }
    for (i = 0; i < d_nchannels; i++)
        {
            if (d_gnss_synchro_history->size(i) > 2)
                {
                    valid_channels[i] = true;
                }
            else
                {
                    valid_channels[i] = false;
                }
        }
    d_num_valid_channels = valid_channels.count();
    // Check if there is any valid channel after reading the new incoming Gnss_Synchro data
    if (d_num_valid_channels == 0)
        {
            return 0;
        }

    for (i = 0; i < d_nchannels; i++)  //Discard observables with T_rx higher than the threshold
        {
            if (valid_channels[i])
                {
                    clean_history(i);
                    if (d_gnss_synchro_history->size(i) < 2)
                        {
                            valid_channels[i] = false;
                        }
                }
        }

    // Check if there is any valid channel after computing the time distance between the Gnss_Synchro data and the receiver time
    d_num_valid_channels = valid_channels.count();
    double T_rx_s_out = T_rx_s - d_latency;
    if ((d_num_valid_channels == 0) or (T_rx_s_out < 0.0))
        {
            return 0;
        }

    std::vector<Gnss_Synchro> epoch_data;
    for (i = 0; i < d_nchannels; i++)
        {
            if (valid_channels[i])
                {
                    Gnss_Synchro interpolated_gnss_synchro = d_gnss_synchro_history->back(i);
                    if (interpolate_data(interpolated_gnss_synchro, i, T_rx_s_out))
                        {
                            epoch_data.push_back(interpolated_gnss_synchro);
                        }
                    else
                        {
                            valid_channels[i] = false;
                        }
                }
        }
    d_num_valid_channels = valid_channels.count();
    if (d_num_valid_channels == 0)
        {
            return 0;
        }
    correct_TOW_and_compute_prange(epoch_data);
    std::vector<Gnss_Synchro>::iterator it = epoch_data.begin();
    for (i = 0; i < d_nchannels; i++)
        {
            if (valid_channels[i])
                {
                    out[i][0] = (*it);
                    out[i][0].Flag_valid_pseudorange = true;
                    it++;
                }
            else
                {
                    out[i][0] = Gnss_Synchro();
                    out[i][0].Flag_valid_pseudorange = false;
                }
        }
    if (d_dump)
        {
            // MULTIPLEXED FILE RECORDING - Record results to file
            try
                {
                    double tmp_double;
                    for (i = 0; i < d_nchannels; i++)
                        {
                            tmp_double = out[i][0].RX_time;
                            d_dump_file.write(reinterpret_cast<char *>(&tmp_double), sizeof(double));
                            tmp_double = out[i][0].TOW_at_current_symbol_s;
                            d_dump_file.write(reinterpret_cast<char *>(&tmp_double), sizeof(double));
                            tmp_double = out[i][0].Carrier_Doppler_hz;
                            d_dump_file.write(reinterpret_cast<char *>(&tmp_double), sizeof(double));
                            tmp_double = out[i][0].Carrier_phase_rads / GPS_TWO_PI;
                            d_dump_file.write(reinterpret_cast<char *>(&tmp_double), sizeof(double));
                            tmp_double = out[i][0].Pseudorange_m;
                            d_dump_file.write(reinterpret_cast<char *>(&tmp_double), sizeof(double));
                            tmp_double = static_cast<double>(out[i][0].PRN);
                            d_dump_file.write(reinterpret_cast<char *>(&tmp_double), sizeof(double));
                            tmp_double = static_cast<double>(out[i][0].Flag_valid_pseudorange);
                            d_dump_file.write(reinterpret_cast<char *>(&tmp_double), sizeof(double));
                        }
                }
            catch (const std::ifstream::failure &e)
                {
                    LOG(WARNING) << "Exception writing observables dump file " << e.what();
                    d_dump = false;
                }
        }
    return 1;
}