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<h1> Welcome to <a class='tw-tiddlylink tw-tiddlylink-internal tw-tiddlylink-missing' href='TiddlyWiki5'>TiddlyWiki5</a></h1><div class='tw-tiddler-frame' data-tiddler-target='HelloThere' data-tiddler-template='HelloThere'><p>Welcome to <a class='tw-tiddlylink tw-tiddlylink-internal tw-tiddlylink-missing' href='TiddlyWiki5'>TiddlyWiki5</a>, a reboot of <a class='tw-tiddlylink tw-tiddlylink-internal tw-tiddlylink-resolves' href='TiddlyWiki'>TiddlyWiki</a>, the venerable, reusable non-linear personal web notebook first released in 2004. It is a complete interactive wiki that can run from a single HTML file in the browser or as a powerful <a class='tw-tiddlylink tw-tiddlylink-internal tw-tiddlylink-missing' href='What%20is%20node.js%3F'>node.js application</a>.</p><p><a class='tw-tiddlylink tw-tiddlylink-internal tw-tiddlylink-missing' href='TiddlyWiki5'>TiddlyWiki5</a> is currently at version 5.0.0.a3 and is under active development, which is to say that it is useful but incomplete. You can try out the online prototype at <a class='tw-tiddlylink tw-tiddlylink-external' href='http://tiddlywiki.com/tiddlywiki5'>http://tiddlywiki.com/tiddlywiki5</a>, <a class='tw-tiddlylink tw-tiddlylink-internal tw-tiddlylink-missing' href='TryingOutTiddlyWiki'>try out the command line incarnation</a>, get involved in the <a class='tw-tiddlylink tw-tiddlylink-external' href='https://github.com/Jermolene/TiddlyWiki5'>development on GitHub</a> or join the discussions on <a class='tw-tiddlylink tw-tiddlylink-external' href='http://groups.google.com/group/TiddlyWikiDev'>the TiddlyWikiDev Google Group</a>.</p></div><h1> Usage</h1><div class='tw-tiddler-frame tw-tiddler-missing' data-tiddler-target='CommandLineInterface' data-tiddler-template='CommandLineInterface'></div><h1> Architecture</h1><div class='tw-tiddler-frame' data-tiddler-target='TiddlyWikiArchitecture' data-tiddler-template='TiddlyWikiArchitecture'><h1> Overview</h1><p>The heart of <a class='tw-tiddlylink tw-tiddlylink-internal tw-tiddlylink-resolves' href='TiddlyWiki'>TiddlyWiki</a> can be seen as an extensible representation transformation engine. Given the text of a tiddler and its associated <a class='tw-tiddlylink tw-tiddlylink-internal tw-tiddlylink-missing' href='ContentType'>ContentType</a>, the engine can produce a rendering of the tiddler in a new <a class='tw-tiddlylink tw-tiddlylink-internal tw-tiddlylink-missing' href='ContentType'>ContentType</a>. Furthermore, it can efficiently selectively update the rendering to track any changes in the tiddler or its dependents.</p><p>The most important transformations are from <code>text/x-tiddlywiki</code> wikitext into <code>text/html</code> or <code>text/plain</code> but the engine is used throughout the system for other transformations, such as converting images for display in HTML, sanitising fragments of <a class='tw-tiddlylink tw-tiddlylink-internal tw-tiddlylink-missing' href='JavaScript'>JavaScript</a>, and processing CSS.</p><p>The key feature of wikitext is the ability to include one tiddler within another (usually referred to as <em>transclusion</em>). For example, one could have a tiddler called <em>Disclaimer</em> that contains the boilerplate of a legal disclaimer, and then include it within lots of different tiddlers with the macro call <code><<tiddler Disclaimer>></code>. This simple feature brings great power in terms of encapsulating and reusing content, and evolving a clean, usable implementation architecture to support it efficiently is a key objective of the <a class='tw-tiddlylink tw-tiddlylink-internal tw-tiddlylink-missing' href='TiddlyWiki5'>TiddlyWiki5</a> design.</p><p>It turns out that the transclusion capability combined with the selective refreshing mechanism provides a good foundation for building <a class='tw-tiddlylink tw-tiddlylink-internal tw-tiddlylink-resolves' href='TiddlyWiki'>TiddlyWiki</a>'s user interface itself. Consider, for example, the <a class='tw-tiddlylink tw-tiddlylink-internal tw-tiddlylink-missing' href='StoryMacro'>StoryMacro</a> in its simplest form:</p><pre><<story story:MyStoryTiddler>></pre><p>The story macro looks for a list of tiddler titles in the tiddler <code>MyStoryTiddler</code>, and displays them in sequence. The subtle part is that subsequently, if <code>MyStoryTiddler</code> changes, the <code><<story>></code> macro is selectively re-rendered. So, to navigate to a new tiddler, code merely needs to add the name of the tiddler and a line break to the top of <code>MyStoryTiddler</code>:</p><pre>var storyTiddler = store.getTiddler("MyStoryTiddler");
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store.addTiddler(new Tiddler(storyTiddler,{text: navigateTo + "\n" + storyTiddler.text}));</pre><p>The mechanisms that allow all of this to work are fairly intricate. The sections below progressively build the key architectural concepts of <a class='tw-tiddlylink tw-tiddlylink-internal tw-tiddlylink-missing' href='TiddlyWiki5'>TiddlyWiki5</a> in a way that should provide a good basis for exploring the code directly.</p></div><h1> Plugin Mechanism</h1><div class='tw-tiddler-frame' data-tiddler-target='PluginMechanism' data-tiddler-template='PluginMechanism'><h1>Introduction</h1><p><a class='tw-tiddlylink tw-tiddlylink-internal tw-tiddlylink-missing' href='TiddlyWiki5'>TiddlyWiki5</a> is based on a 500 line boot kernel that runs on node.js or in the browser, and everything else is plugins.</p><p>The kernel boots just enough of the <a class='tw-tiddlylink tw-tiddlylink-internal tw-tiddlylink-resolves' href='TiddlyWiki'>TiddlyWiki</a> environment to allow it to load tiddlers as plugins and execute them (a barebones tiddler class, a barebones wiki store class, some utilities etc.). Plugin modules are written like <code>node.js</code> modules; you can use <code>require()</code> to invoke sub components and to control load order.</p><p>There are several different types of plugins: parsers, serializers, deserializers, macros etc. It goes much further than you might expect. For example, individual tiddler fields are plugins, too: there's a plugin that knows how to handle the <code>tags</code> field, and another that knows how to handle the special behaviour of
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the <code>modified</code> and <code>created</code> fields.</p><p>Some plugins have further sub-plugins: the wikitext parser, for instance, accepts rules as individual plugins.</p><h1>Plugins and Modules</h1><p>In <a class='tw-tiddlylink tw-tiddlylink-internal tw-tiddlylink-missing' href='TiddlyWiki5'>TiddlyWiki5</a>, a plugin is a bundle of related tiddlers that are distributed together as a single unit. Plugins can include tiddlers which are <a class='tw-tiddlylink tw-tiddlylink-internal tw-tiddlylink-missing' href='JavaScript'>JavaScript</a> modules. </p><p>The file <code>core/boot.js</code> is a barebones <a class='tw-tiddlylink tw-tiddlylink-internal tw-tiddlylink-resolves' href='TiddlyWiki'>TiddlyWiki</a> kernel that is just sufficient to load the core plugin modules and trigger a startup plugin module to load up the rest of the application.</p><p>The kernel includes:</p><ul><li> Eight short shared utility functions</li><li> Three methods implementing the plugin module mechanism</li><li> The <code>$tw.Tiddler</code> class (and three field definition plugins)</li><li> The <code>$tw.Wiki</code> class (and three tiddler deserialization methods)</li><li> Code for the browser to load tiddlers from the HTML DOM</li><li> Code for the server to load tiddlers from the file system</li></ul><p>Each module is an ordinary <code>node.js</code>-style module, using the <code>require()</code> function to access other modules and the <code>exports</code> global to return <a class='tw-tiddlylink tw-tiddlylink-internal tw-tiddlylink-missing' href='JavaScript'>JavaScript</a> values. The boot kernel smooths over the differences between <code>node.js</code> and the browser, allowing the same plugin modules to execute in both environments.</p><p>In the browser, <code>core/boot.js</code> is packed into a template HTML file that contains the following elements in order:</p><ul><li> Ordinary and shadow tiddlers, packed as HTML <code><DIV></code> elements</li><li> <code>core/bootprefix.js</code>, containing a few lines to set up the plugin environment</li><li> Plugin <a class='tw-tiddlylink tw-tiddlylink-internal tw-tiddlylink-missing' href='JavaScript'>JavaScript</a> modules, packed as HTML <code><SCRIPT></code> blocks</li><li> <code>core/boot.js</code>, containing the boot kernel</li></ul><p>On the server, <code>core/boot.js</code> is executed directly. It uses the <code>node.js</code> local file API to load plugins directly from the file system in the <code>core/modules</code> directory. The code loading is performed synchronously for brevity (and because the system is in any case inherently blocked until plugins are loaded).</p><p>The boot kernel sets up the <code>$tw</code> global variable that is used to store all the state data of the system.</p><h1>Core </h1><p>The 'core' is the boot kernel plus the set of plugin modules that it loads. It contains plugins of the following types:</p><ul><li> <code>tiddlerfield</code> - defines the characteristics of tiddler fields of a particular name</li><li> <code>tiddlerdeserializer</code> - methods to extract tiddlers from text representations or the DOM</li><li> <code>startup</code> - functions to be called by the kernel after booting</li><li> <code>global</code> - members of the <code>$tw</code> global</li><li> <code>config</code> - values to be merged over the <code>$tw.config</code> global</li><li> <code>utils</code> - general purpose utility functions residing in <code>$tw.utils</code></li><li> <code>tiddlermethod</code> - additional methods for the <code>$tw.Tiddler</code> class</li><li> <code>wikimethod</code> - additional methods for the <code>$tw.Wiki</code> class</li><li> <code>treeutils</code> - static utility methods for parser tree nodes </li><li> <code>treenode</code> - classes of parser tree nodes</li><li> <code>macro</code> - macro definitions</li><li> <code>editor</code> - interactive editors for different types of content</li><li> <code>parser</code> - parsers for different types of content</li><li> <code>wikitextrule</code> - individual rules for the wikitext parser</li><li> <code>command</code> - individual commands for the <code>$tw.Commander</code> class</li></ul><p><a class='tw-tiddlylink tw-tiddlylink-internal tw-tiddlylink-missing' href='TiddlyWiki5'>TiddlyWiki5</a> makes extensive use of <a class='tw-tiddlylink tw-tiddlylink-internal tw-tiddlylink-missing' href='JavaScript'>JavaScript</a> inheritance:</p><ul><li> Tree nodes defined in <code>$:/core/treenodes/</code> all inherit from <code>$:/core/treenodes/node.js</code></li><li> Macros defined in <code>$:/core/macros/</code> all inherit from <code>$:/core/treenodes/macro.js</code></li></ul><p><code>tiddlywiki.plugin</code> files
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</p></div><p><em>This <code>readme</code> file was automatically generated by <a class='tw-tiddlylink tw-tiddlylink-internal tw-tiddlylink-missing' href='TiddlyWiki5'>TiddlyWiki5</a></em>
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