/* * Copyright (c) 2018 Calvin Rose * * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to * deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the * rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or * sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions: * * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in * all copies or substantial portions of the Software. * * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING * FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS * IN THE SOFTWARE. */ #include #include "compile.h" #include "emit.h" #include "vector.h" DstFopts dstc_fopts_default(DstCompiler *c) { DstFopts ret; ret.compiler = c; ret.flags = 0; ret.hint = dstc_cslot(dst_wrap_nil()); return ret; } /* Throw an error with a dst string. */ void dstc_error(DstCompiler *c, const uint8_t *m) { /* Don't override first error */ if (c->result.status == DST_COMPILE_ERROR) { return; } c->result.status = DST_COMPILE_ERROR; c->result.error = m; } /* Throw an error with a message in a cstring */ void dstc_cerror(DstCompiler *c, const char *m) { dstc_error(c, dst_cstring(m)); } /* Free a slot */ void dstc_freeslot(DstCompiler *c, DstSlot s) { if (s.flags & (DST_SLOT_CONSTANT | DST_SLOT_REF | DST_SLOT_NAMED)) return; if (s.envindex >= 0) return; dstc_regalloc_free(&c->scope->ra, s.index); } /* Add a slot to a scope with a symbol associated with it (def or var). */ void dstc_nameslot(DstCompiler *c, const uint8_t *sym, DstSlot s) { SymPair sp; sp.sym = sym; sp.slot = s; sp.keep = 0; sp.slot.flags |= DST_SLOT_NAMED; dst_v_push(c->scope->syms, sp); } /* Create a slot with a constant */ DstSlot dstc_cslot(Dst x) { DstSlot ret; ret.flags = (1 << dst_type(x)) | DST_SLOT_CONSTANT; ret.index = -1; ret.constant = x; ret.envindex = -1; return ret; } /* Get a local slot */ DstSlot dstc_farslot(DstCompiler *c) { DstSlot ret; ret.flags = DST_SLOTTYPE_ANY; ret.index = dstc_allocfar(c); ret.constant = dst_wrap_nil(); ret.envindex = -1; return ret; } /* Enter a new scope */ void dstc_scope(DstScope *s, DstCompiler *c, int flags, const char *name) { DstScope scope; scope.name = name; scope.child = NULL; scope.consts = NULL; scope.syms = NULL; scope.envs = NULL; scope.defs = NULL; scope.selfconst = -1; scope.bytecode_start = dst_v_count(c->buffer); scope.flags = flags; *s = scope; /* Inherit slots */ if ((!(flags & DST_SCOPE_FUNCTION)) && c->scope) { dstc_regalloc_clone(&s->ra, &(c->scope->ra)); } else { dstc_regalloc_init(&s->ra); } /* Link parent and child and update pointer */ s->parent = c->scope; if (c->scope) c->scope->child = s; c->scope = s; } /* Leave a scope. */ void dstc_popscope(DstCompiler *c) { DstScope *oldscope = c->scope; DstScope *newscope = oldscope->parent; /* Move free slots to parent scope if not a new function. * We need to know the total number of slots used when compiling the function. */ if (!(oldscope->flags & (DST_SCOPE_FUNCTION | DST_SCOPE_UNUSED)) && newscope) { /* Parent scopes inherit child's closure flag. Needed * for while loops. (if a while loop creates a closure, it * is compiled to a tail recursive iife) */ if (oldscope->flags & DST_SCOPE_CLOSURE) { newscope->flags |= DST_SCOPE_CLOSURE; } if (newscope->ra.max < oldscope->ra.max) newscope->ra.max = oldscope->ra.max; /* Keep upvalue slots */ for (int32_t i = 0; i < dst_v_count(oldscope->syms); i++) { SymPair pair = oldscope->syms[i]; if (pair.keep) { /* The variable should not be lexically accessible */ pair.sym = NULL; dst_v_push(newscope->syms, pair); dstc_regalloc_touch(&newscope->ra, pair.slot.index); } } } /* Free the old scope */ dst_v_free(oldscope->consts); dst_v_free(oldscope->syms); dst_v_free(oldscope->envs); dst_v_free(oldscope->defs); dstc_regalloc_deinit(&oldscope->ra); /* Update pointer */ if (newscope) newscope->child = NULL; c->scope = newscope; } /* Leave a scope but keep a slot allocated. */ void dstc_popscope_keepslot(DstCompiler *c, DstSlot retslot) { DstScope *scope; dstc_popscope(c); scope = c->scope; if (scope && retslot.envindex < 0 && retslot.index >= 0) { dstc_regalloc_touch(&scope->ra, retslot.index); } } /* Allow searching for symbols. Return information about the symbol */ DstSlot dstc_resolve( DstCompiler *c, const uint8_t *sym) { DstSlot ret = dstc_cslot(dst_wrap_nil()); DstScope *scope = c->scope; SymPair *pair; int foundlocal = 1; int unused = 0; /* Search scopes for symbol, starting from top */ while (scope) { int32_t i, len; if (scope->flags & DST_SCOPE_UNUSED) unused = 1; len = dst_v_count(scope->syms); /* Search in reverse order */ for (i = len - 1; i >= 0; i--) { pair = scope->syms + i; if (pair->sym == sym) { ret = pair->slot; goto found; } } if (scope->flags & DST_SCOPE_FUNCTION) foundlocal = 0; scope = scope->parent; } /* Symbol not found - check for global */ { Dst check; DstBindingType btype = dst_resolve(c->env, sym, &check); switch (btype) { default: case DST_BINDING_NONE: dstc_error(c, dst_formatc("unknown symbol %q", sym)); return dstc_cslot(dst_wrap_nil()); case DST_BINDING_DEF: case DST_BINDING_MACRO: /* Macro should function like defs when not in calling pos */ return dstc_cslot(check); case DST_BINDING_VAR: { DstSlot ret = dstc_cslot(check); /* TODO save type info */ ret.flags |= DST_SLOT_REF | DST_SLOT_NAMED | DST_SLOT_MUTABLE | DST_SLOTTYPE_ANY; ret.flags &= ~DST_SLOT_CONSTANT; return ret; } } } /* Symbol was found */ found: /* Constants can be returned immediately (they are stateless) */ if (ret.flags & (DST_SLOT_CONSTANT | DST_SLOT_REF)) return ret; /* Unused references and locals shouldn't add captured envs. */ if (unused || foundlocal) { ret.envindex = -1; return ret; } /* non-local scope needs to expose its environment */ pair->keep = 1; while (scope && !(scope->flags & DST_SCOPE_FUNCTION)) scope = scope->parent; dst_assert(scope, "invalid scopes"); scope->flags |= DST_SCOPE_ENV; scope = scope->child; /* Propogate env up to current scope */ int32_t envindex = -1; while (scope) { if (scope->flags & DST_SCOPE_FUNCTION) { int32_t j, len; int scopefound = 0; /* Check if scope already has env. If so, break */ len = dst_v_count(scope->envs); for (j = 0; j < len; j++) { if (scope->envs[j] == envindex) { scopefound = 1; envindex = j; break; } } /* Add the environment if it is not already referenced */ if (!scopefound) { len = dst_v_count(scope->envs); dst_v_push(scope->envs, envindex); envindex = len; } } scope = scope->child; } ret.envindex = envindex; return ret; } /* Generate the return instruction for a slot. */ DstSlot dstc_return(DstCompiler *c, DstSlot s) { if (!(s.flags & DST_SLOT_RETURNED)) { if (s.flags & DST_SLOT_CONSTANT && dst_checktype(s.constant, DST_NIL)) dstc_emit(c, DOP_RETURN_NIL); else dstc_emit_s(c, DOP_RETURN, s, 0); s.flags |= DST_SLOT_RETURNED; } return s; } /* Get a target slot for emitting an instruction. */ DstSlot dstc_gettarget(DstFopts opts) { DstSlot slot; if ((opts.flags & DST_FOPTS_HINT) && (opts.hint.envindex < 0) && (opts.hint.index >= 0 && opts.hint.index <= 0xFF)) { slot = opts.hint; } else { slot.envindex = -1; slot.constant = dst_wrap_nil(); slot.flags = 0; slot.index = dstc_allocfar(opts.compiler); } return slot; } /* Get a bunch of slots for function arguments */ DstSlot *dstc_toslots(DstCompiler *c, const Dst *vals, int32_t len) { int32_t i; DstSlot *ret = NULL; DstFopts subopts = dstc_fopts_default(c); for (i = 0; i < len; i++) { dst_v_push(ret, dstc_value(subopts, vals[i])); } return ret; } /* Get a bunch of slots for function arguments */ DstSlot *dstc_toslotskv(DstCompiler *c, Dst ds) { DstSlot *ret = NULL; DstFopts subopts = dstc_fopts_default(c); const DstKV *kvs = NULL; int32_t cap, i, len; dst_dictionary_view(ds, &kvs, &len, &cap); for (i = 0; i < cap; i++) { if (dst_checktype(kvs[i].key, DST_NIL)) continue; dst_v_push(ret, dstc_value(subopts, kvs[i].key)); dst_v_push(ret, dstc_value(subopts, kvs[i].value)); } return ret; } /* Push slots load via dstc_toslots. */ void dstc_pushslots(DstCompiler *c, DstSlot *slots) { int32_t i; for (i = 0; i < dst_v_count(slots) - 2; i += 3) dstc_emit_sss(c, DOP_PUSH_3, slots[i], slots[i+1], slots[i+2], 0); if (i == dst_v_count(slots) - 2) dstc_emit_ss(c, DOP_PUSH_2, slots[i], slots[i+1], 0); else if (i == dst_v_count(slots) - 1) dstc_emit_s(c, DOP_PUSH, slots[i], 0); } /* Free slots loaded via dstc_toslots */ void dstc_freeslots(DstCompiler *c, DstSlot *slots) { int32_t i; for (i = 0; i < dst_v_count(slots); i++) { dstc_freeslot(c, slots[i]); } dst_v_free(slots); } /* Compile some code that will be thrown away. Used to ensure * that dead code is well formed without including it in the final * bytecode. */ void dstc_throwaway(DstFopts opts, Dst x) { DstCompiler *c = opts.compiler; DstScope unusedScope; int32_t bufstart = dst_v_count(c->buffer); int32_t mapbufstart = dst_v_count(c->mapbuffer); dstc_scope(&unusedScope, c, DST_SCOPE_UNUSED, "unusued"); dstc_value(opts, x); dstc_popscope(c); if (c->buffer) { dst_v__cnt(c->buffer) = bufstart; if (c->mapbuffer) dst_v__cnt(c->mapbuffer) = mapbufstart; } } /* Compile a call or tailcall instruction */ static DstSlot dstc_call(DstFopts opts, DstSlot *slots, DstSlot fun) { DstSlot retslot; DstCompiler *c = opts.compiler; int specialized = 0; if (fun.flags & DST_SLOT_CONSTANT) { if (dst_checktype(fun.constant, DST_FUNCTION)) { DstFunction *f = dst_unwrap_function(fun.constant); const DstFunOptimizer *o = dstc_funopt(f->def->flags); if (o && (!o->can_optimize || o->can_optimize(opts, slots))) { specialized = 1; retslot = o->optimize(opts, slots); } } /* TODO dst function inlining (no c functions)*/ } if (!specialized) { dstc_pushslots(c, slots); if (opts.flags & DST_FOPTS_TAIL) { dstc_emit_s(c, DOP_TAILCALL, fun, 0); retslot = dstc_cslot(dst_wrap_nil()); retslot.flags = DST_SLOT_RETURNED; } else { retslot = dstc_gettarget(opts); dstc_emit_ss(c, DOP_CALL, retslot, fun, 1); } } dstc_freeslots(c, slots); return retslot; } static DstSlot dstc_maker(DstFopts opts, DstSlot *slots, int op) { DstCompiler *c = opts.compiler; DstSlot retslot; dstc_pushslots(c, slots); dstc_freeslots(c, slots); retslot = dstc_gettarget(opts); dstc_emit_s(c, op, retslot, 1); return retslot; } static DstSlot dstc_array(DstFopts opts, Dst x) { DstCompiler *c = opts.compiler; DstArray *a = dst_unwrap_array(x); return dstc_maker(opts, dstc_toslots(c, a->data, a->count), DOP_MAKE_ARRAY); } static DstSlot dstc_tablector(DstFopts opts, Dst x, int op) { DstCompiler *c = opts.compiler; return dstc_maker(opts, dstc_toslotskv(c, x), op); } static DstSlot dstc_bufferctor(DstFopts opts, Dst x) { DstCompiler *c = opts.compiler; DstBuffer *b = dst_unwrap_buffer(x); Dst onearg = dst_stringv(b->data, b->count); return dstc_maker(opts, dstc_toslots(c, &onearg, 1), DOP_MAKE_BUFFER); } static DstSlot dstc_symbol(DstFopts opts, const uint8_t *sym) { if (dst_string_length(sym) && sym[0] != ':') { return dstc_resolve(opts.compiler, sym); } else { return dstc_cslot(dst_wrap_symbol(sym)); } } /* Expand a macro one time. Also get the special form compiler if we * find that instead. */ static int macroexpand1( DstCompiler *c, Dst x, Dst *out, const DstSpecial **spec) { if (!dst_checktype(x, DST_TUPLE)) return 0; const Dst *form = dst_unwrap_tuple(x); if (dst_tuple_length(form) == 0) return 0; /* Source map - only set when we get a tuple */ if (dst_tuple_sm_line(form) > 0) { c->current_mapping.line = dst_tuple_sm_line(form); c->current_mapping.column = dst_tuple_sm_col(form); } if (!dst_checktype(form[0], DST_SYMBOL)) return 0; const uint8_t *name = dst_unwrap_symbol(form[0]); const DstSpecial *s = dstc_special(name); if (s) { *spec = s; return 0; } Dst macroval; DstBindingType btype = dst_resolve(c->env, name, ¯oval); if (btype != DST_BINDING_MACRO || !dst_checktype(macroval, DST_FUNCTION)) return 0; /* Evaluate macro */ DstFiber *fiberp; DstFunction *macro = dst_unwrap_function(macroval); int lock = dst_gclock(); DstSignal status = dst_call( macro, dst_tuple_length(form) - 1, form + 1, &x, &fiberp); dst_gcunlock(lock); if (status != DST_SIGNAL_OK) { const uint8_t *es = dst_formatc("(macro) %V", x); c->result.macrofiber = fiberp; dstc_error(c, es); } else { *out = x; } return 1; } /* Compile a single value */ DstSlot dstc_value(DstFopts opts, Dst x) { DstSlot ret; DstCompiler *c = opts.compiler; DstSourceMapping last_mapping = c->current_mapping; c->recursion_guard--; /* Guard against previous errors and unbounded recursion */ if (c->result.status == DST_COMPILE_ERROR) return dstc_cslot(dst_wrap_nil()); if (c->recursion_guard <= 0) { dstc_cerror(c, "recursed too deeply"); return dstc_cslot(dst_wrap_nil()); } /* Macro expand. Also gets possible special form and * refines source mapping cursor if possible. */ const DstSpecial *spec = NULL; int macroi = DST_MAX_MACRO_EXPAND; while (macroi && c->result.status != DST_COMPILE_ERROR && macroexpand1(c, x, &x, &spec)) macroi--; if (macroi == 0) { dstc_cerror(c, "recursed too deeply in macro expansion"); return dstc_cslot(dst_wrap_nil()); } /* Special forms */ if (spec) { const Dst *tup = dst_unwrap_tuple(x); ret = spec->compile(opts, dst_tuple_length(tup) - 1, tup + 1); } else { switch (dst_type(x)) { case DST_TUPLE: { DstFopts subopts = dstc_fopts_default(c); const Dst *tup = dst_unwrap_tuple(x); /* Empty tuple is tuple literal */ if (dst_tuple_length(tup) == 0) { ret = dstc_cslot(x); } else { DstSlot head = dstc_value(subopts, tup[0]); subopts.flags = DST_FUNCTION | DST_CFUNCTION; ret = dstc_call(opts, dstc_toslots(c, tup + 1, dst_tuple_length(tup) - 1), head); dstc_freeslot(c, head); } } break; case DST_SYMBOL: ret = dstc_symbol(opts, dst_unwrap_symbol(x)); break; case DST_ARRAY: ret = dstc_array(opts, x); break; case DST_STRUCT: ret = dstc_tablector(opts, x, DOP_MAKE_STRUCT); break; case DST_TABLE: ret = dstc_tablector(opts, x, DOP_MAKE_TABLE); break; case DST_BUFFER: ret = dstc_bufferctor(opts, x); break; default: ret = dstc_cslot(x); break; } } if (c->result.status == DST_COMPILE_ERROR) return dstc_cslot(dst_wrap_nil()); c->current_mapping = last_mapping; if (opts.flags & DST_FOPTS_TAIL) ret = dstc_return(opts.compiler, ret); if (opts.flags & DST_FOPTS_HINT) { dstc_copy(opts.compiler, opts.hint, ret); ret = opts.hint; } opts.compiler->recursion_guard++; return ret; } /* Compile a funcdef */ DstFuncDef *dstc_pop_funcdef(DstCompiler *c) { DstScope *scope = c->scope; DstFuncDef *def = dst_funcdef_alloc(); def->slotcount = scope->ra.max + 1; dst_assert(scope->flags & DST_SCOPE_FUNCTION, "expected function scope"); /* Copy envs */ def->environments_length = dst_v_count(scope->envs); def->environments = dst_v_flatten(scope->envs); def->constants_length = dst_v_count(scope->consts); def->constants = dst_v_flatten(scope->consts); def->defs_length = dst_v_count(scope->defs); def->defs = dst_v_flatten(scope->defs); /* Copy bytecode (only last chunk) */ def->bytecode_length = dst_v_count(c->buffer) - scope->bytecode_start; if (def->bytecode_length) { size_t s = sizeof(int32_t) * def->bytecode_length; def->bytecode = malloc(s); if (NULL == def->bytecode) { DST_OUT_OF_MEMORY; } memcpy(def->bytecode, c->buffer + scope->bytecode_start, s); dst_v__cnt(c->buffer) = scope->bytecode_start; if (NULL != c->mapbuffer) { size_t s = sizeof(DstSourceMapping) * def->bytecode_length; def->sourcemap = malloc(s); if (NULL == def->sourcemap) { DST_OUT_OF_MEMORY; } memcpy(def->sourcemap, c->mapbuffer + scope->bytecode_start, s); dst_v__cnt(c->mapbuffer) = scope->bytecode_start; } } /* Get source from parser */ def->source = c->source; def->arity = 0; def->flags = 0; if (scope->flags & DST_SCOPE_ENV) { def->flags |= DST_FUNCDEF_FLAG_NEEDSENV; } /* Pop the scope */ dstc_popscope(c); return def; } /* Initialize a compiler */ static void dstc_init(DstCompiler *c, DstTable *env, const uint8_t *where) { c->scope = NULL; c->buffer = NULL; c->mapbuffer = NULL; c->recursion_guard = DST_RECURSION_GUARD; c->env = env; c->source = where; c->current_mapping.line = 0; c->current_mapping.column = 0; /* Init result */ c->result.error = NULL; c->result.status = DST_COMPILE_OK; c->result.funcdef = NULL; c->result.macrofiber = NULL; c->result.error_mapping.line = 0; c->result.error_mapping.column = 0; } /* Deinitialize a compiler struct */ static void dstc_deinit(DstCompiler *c) { dst_v_free(c->buffer); dst_v_free(c->mapbuffer); c->env = NULL; } /* Compile a form. */ DstCompileResult dst_compile(Dst source, DstTable *env, const uint8_t *where) { DstCompiler c; DstScope rootscope; DstFopts fopts; dstc_init(&c, env, where); /* Push a function scope */ dstc_scope(&rootscope, &c, DST_SCOPE_FUNCTION | DST_SCOPE_TOP, "root"); /* Set initial form options */ fopts.compiler = &c; fopts.flags = DST_FOPTS_TAIL | DST_SLOTTYPE_ANY; fopts.hint = dstc_cslot(dst_wrap_nil()); /* Compile the value */ dstc_value(fopts, source); if (c.result.status == DST_COMPILE_OK) { DstFuncDef *def = dstc_pop_funcdef(&c); def->name = dst_cstring("_thunk"); c.result.funcdef = def; } else { c.result.error_mapping = c.current_mapping; dstc_popscope(&c); } dstc_deinit(&c); return c.result; } /* C Function for compiling */ static int cfun(DstArgs args) { DstCompileResult res; DstTable *t; DstTable *env; DST_MINARITY(args, 2); DST_MAXARITY(args, 3); DST_ARG_TABLE(env, args, 1); const uint8_t *source = NULL; if (args.n == 3) { DST_ARG_STRING(source, args, 2); } res = dst_compile(args.v[0], env, source); if (res.status == DST_COMPILE_OK) { DST_RETURN_FUNCTION(args, dst_thunk(res.funcdef)); } else { t = dst_table(4); dst_table_put(t, dst_csymbolv(":error"), dst_wrap_string(res.error)); dst_table_put(t, dst_csymbolv(":line"), dst_wrap_integer(res.error_mapping.line)); dst_table_put(t, dst_csymbolv(":column"), dst_wrap_integer(res.error_mapping.column)); if (res.macrofiber) { dst_table_put(t, dst_csymbolv(":fiber"), dst_wrap_fiber(res.macrofiber)); } DST_RETURN_TABLE(args, t); } } static const DstReg cfuns[] = { {"compile", cfun}, {NULL, NULL} }; int dst_lib_compile(DstArgs args) { DstTable *env = dst_env(args); dst_cfuns(env, NULL, cfuns); return 0; }