// Hyperbolic Rogue -- starting and ending games
// Copyright (C) 2011-2019 Zeno Rogue, see 'hyper.cpp' for details

/** \file system.cpp
 *  \brief changing game modes, starting, closing, loading and saving games
 */

#include "hyper.h"
namespace hr {

#if HDR
/** \brief This namespace has constants used as parameters in functions such as restart_game and wrongmode. */
namespace rg {
  static constexpr char nothing = 0;
  static constexpr char peace = 'P';
  static constexpr char inv = 'i';
  static constexpr char chaos = 'C';
  static constexpr char tactic = 't';
  static constexpr char tour = 'T';
  static constexpr char yendor = 'y';
  static constexpr char shmup = 's';
  static constexpr char randpattern = 'r';
  static constexpr char princess = 'p';
  static constexpr char daily = 'd';
  static constexpr char daily_off = 'D';
  static constexpr char racing = 'R';
  static constexpr char dualmode = 'U';
  static constexpr char heptagons = '7';

  /** \brief wrongmode only -- marks 'global' achievements not related to the current mode */
  static constexpr char global = 'x';
  /** \brief wrongmode only -- change vid.scfg.players then restart_game(rg::nothing) instead */
  static constexpr char multi = 'm';
  /** \brief wrongmode only -- mark achievements for special geometries/variations, this automatically marks the expected land_structure as lsSingle */
  static constexpr char special_geometry = 'g';
  /** \brief wrongmode only -- mark achievements for special geometries/variations */
  static constexpr char special_geometry_nicewalls = 'G';
  /** \brief wrongmode only -- specgeom returns 'fail' if the special geometry is not correct */
  static constexpr char fail = 'X';
  }
#endif

/** \brief is a game map currently loaded (it is false after hr::stop_game and true after hr::start_game) */
EX bool game_active;

/** \brief God mode */
EX bool autocheat;

/** \brief which wall should we fill the Canvas with */
EX eWall canvas_default_wall = waNone;

/** \brief the number of Black Lotuses collected -- but updated only if we manage to escape */
EX int truelotus;

EX int asteroids_generated, asteroid_orbs_generated;

EX time_t timerstart, savetime, tickstart;
EX bool timerstopped;
EX int savecount;
EX int save_turns;
EX bool doCross = false;

EX bool gamegen_failure;

EX eLand top_land;

/** \brief a comparator for version number strings */
EX bool verless(string v, string cmp) {
  if(isdigit(v[0]) && isdigit(v[1]))
    v = "A" + v;
  if(isdigit(cmp[0]) && isdigit(cmp[1]))
    cmp = "A" + cmp;
  return v < cmp;
  }

/** \brief Hooks for welcomeMessage. Return true to capture. */
EX hookset<bool()> hooks_welcome_message;

/** \brief Print the welcome message during the start of game. Depends on the current mode and other settings. */
EX void welcomeMessage() {
  if(callhandlers(false, hooks_welcome_message)) return;
  if(nohelp == 1) return;
  if(custom_welcome != "") addMessage(custom_welcome);
  else if(embedded_plane) return IPF(welcomeMessage());
#if CAP_TOUR
  else if(tour::on) return; // displayed by tour
#endif
  else if(princess::challenge) {
    kills[moVizier] = 1;
    princess::forceMouse = true;
    if(yendor::everwon)
      items[itGreenStone] = 99;
    addMessage(XLAT("Welcome to %the1 Challenge!", moPrincess));
    addMessage(XLAT("The more Hypersian Rugs you collect, the harder it is.", moPrincess));
    }
  else if(intra::in)
    addMessage(XLAT("Welcome to a portal map! Press 'o' to configure."));
  else if(randomPatternsMode)
    addMessage(XLAT("Welcome to the Random Pattern mode!"));
  else if(tactic::on)
    addMessage(XLAT("You are playing %the1 in the Pure Tactics mode.", firstland));
  else if(yendor::on)
    addMessage(XLAT("Welcome to the Yendor Challenge %1!", its(yendor::challenge)));
  else if(peace::on) ; // no welcome message
  else if(shmup::on) ; // welcome message given elsewhere
  else if(euclid)
    addMessage(XLAT("Welcome to the Euclidean mode!"));
  else if(specialland == laHalloween && BITRUNCATED && among(geometry, gSphere, gElliptic))
    addMessage(XLAT("Welcome to Halloween!"));
  else if(elliptic && WDIM == 2)
    addMessage(XLAT("Good luck in the elliptic plane!"));
  else if(elliptic)
    addMessage(XLAT("Good luck in the elliptic space!"));
  else if(sphere)
    addMessage(XLAT("Welcome to Spherogue!"));
  else if(in_s2xe())
    addMessage(XLAT("Welcome to Spherindrogue!"));
  else if(in_h2xe())
    addMessage(XLAT("Welcome to Hyper-X-R-Rogue!"));
  else if(sol)
    addMessage(XLAT("Welcome to SolvRogue!"));
  else if(nil)
    addMessage(XLAT("Welcome to NilRogue!"));
  else if(sl2) {
    if(hybrid::csteps == 0)
      addMessage(XLAT("Welcome to CoverRogue!"));
    else if(cgi.psl_steps % hybrid::csteps == 0)
      addMessage(XLAT("Welcome to PSL(2,R)-ogue!"));
    else
      addMessage(XLAT("Welcome to SL(2,R)-ogue!"));
    if(hybrid::underlying == gNormal && BITRUNCATED)
      addMessage(XLAT("Hint: this is more playable with pure {7,3} or pure {5,4}"));
    }
  else if(PURE && geometry == gNormal && !cheater)
    addMessage(XLAT("Welcome to the Heptagonal Mode!"));
  else if(cheater || autocheat)
    addMessage(XLAT("Welcome to HyperRogue! (cheat mode on)"));
  else if(hat::in())
    addMessage(XLAT("Welcome to HatRogue!"));
  else if(bow::crossbow_mode())
    addMessage(XLAT("Welcome to HyperRanger!"));
  else
    addMessage(XLAT("Welcome to HyperRogue!"));

  if(!safety && !daily::on) {
    auto lv = land_validity(specialland);
    if(lv.flags & lv::display_error_message)
      addMessage(XLAT(lv.msg));
    }

  if(nohelp == 2) return;
#if ISMAC
  addMessage(XLAT("Press F1 or right-shift-click things for help."));
#elif !ISMOBILE
  addMessage(XLAT("Press F1 or right-click things for help."));
#endif
  }

/** \brief These hooks are called at the start of initgame. */
EX hookset<void()> hooks_initgame;

/** \brief These hooks are called at the end of initgame. */
EX hookset<void()> hooks_post_initgame;

EX bool ineligible_starting_land;

EX int easy_specialland;

/** \brief initialize the game */
EX void initgame() {
  DEBBI(DF_INIT, ("initGame"));
  callhooks(hooks_initgame);

  modecode();

  if(!safety) fix_land_structure_choice();

  if(multi::players < 1 || multi::players > MAXPLAYER)
    multi::players = 1;
  multi::whereto[0].d = MD_UNDECIDED;
  multi::cpid = 0;

  yendor::init(1);

  if(safety && safetyseed) {
    shrand(safetyseed);
    firstland = safetyland;
    }

  if(!safety) {
    firstland = specialland;
    ineligible_starting_land = !landUnlockedIngame(specialland);
    }

  if(firstland == laNone || firstland == laBarrier)
    firstland = laCrossroads;

  easy_specialland = 0;

  if(firstland == laOceanWall) firstland = laOcean;
  if(firstland == laHauntedWall) firstland = laGraveyard;
  if(firstland == laHauntedBorder) firstland = laGraveyard;
  if(firstland == laHaunted && !tactic::on) firstland = laGraveyard;
  if(firstland == laMercuryRiver) firstland = laTerracotta;
  if(firstland == laMountain && !tactic::on && !ls::hv_structure()) firstland = laJungle;
  if(firstland == laPrincessQuest) firstland = laPalace;
  if(firstland == laMemory) firstland = laIce;
  if(!ls::hv_structure())
  if((isGravityLand(firstland) && !isCyclic(firstland)) || (firstland == laOcean && !safety && !yendor::on)) {
    firstland = weirdhyperbolic ? laCrossroads4 : laCrossroads;
    easy_specialland = 3;
    }

  clear_euland(firstland);

  cwt.at = currentmap->gamestart(); cwt.spin = 0; cwt.mirrored = false;
  cwt.at->land = firstland;

  #if CAP_COMPLEX2
  if(firstland == laBrownian) brownian::init(cwt.at);
  #endif

  chaosAchieved = false;

  clearing::direct = 0;
  clearing::imputed = 0;
  rosephase = 0;
  shmup::count_pauses = 0;
  illegal_moves = 0;

  splitrocks = 0;

  if(firstland == laElementalWall) cwt.at->land = randomElementalLand();

  resetview();
  createMov(cwt.at, 0);

  pregen();
  setdist(cwt.at, BARLEV, NULL);

  if(!disable_bigstuff)
  if(isCyclic(specialland) || specialland == laCanvas) {
    #if CAP_COMPLEX2
    camelot::anthraxBonus = items[itHolyGrail];
    #endif
    cwt.at->move(0)->land = firstland;
    if(firstland == laWhirlpool) cwt.at->move(0)->wall = waSea;

    setdist(cwt.at->move(0), BARLEV-1, cwt.at);

    if(horo_ok()) {
      if(specialland == laCamelot)
        start_camelot(cwt.at);
      else {
        heptagon *h = create_altmap(cwt.at, 2, hsA);
        if(!h) printf("FAIL\n");
        }
      }
    }

  if(tactic::on && firstland == laPower) {
    items[itOrbSpeed] = 30;
    items[itOrbWinter] = 30;
    items[itOrbFlash] = 30;
    }

  if(firstland == laCA)
    items[itOrbAether] = 2;

  if(tactic::on && firstland == laCaribbean) {
    if(hiitemsMax(itRedGem) >= 25) items[itRedGem] = min(hiitemsMax(itRedGem), 50);
    if(hiitemsMax(itFernFlower) >= 25) items[itFernFlower] = min(hiitemsMax(itFernFlower), 50);
    if(hiitemsMax(itWine) >= 25) items[itWine] = min(hiitemsMax(itWine), 50);
    }

  yendor::lastchallenge = yendor::challenge;

  if(shmup::on) shmup::init();

  yendor::init(2);

  #if CAP_RACING
  if(racing::on) racing::generate_track();
  #endif

  if(gamegen_failure) return;

  if(euclid && specialland == laPrincessQuest) {
    cell *c = euc::at(princess::coords());
    princess::generating = true;
    c->land = laPalace;
    setdist(c, 7 - getDistLimit() - genrange_bonus, NULL);
    princess::generating = false;
    }

  if(cwt.at->land == laCrossroads2 && !ls::hv_structure()) {
    cell *c = cwt.at;
    if(mhybrid) { c = hybrid::get_where(c).first; PIU( c->cmove(0) ); }
    c->landparam = 12;
    c->cmove(0)->landparam = 44;
    c->cmove(0)->land = laCrossroads2;
    }

  sword::determine_sword_angles();
  for(int i=0; i<numplayers(); i++)
    sword::dir[i] = sword::initial(cwt.at);

  #if CAP_DAILY
  daily::split();
  #endif

  // extern int sightrange; sightrange = 9;
  // cwt.at->land = laHell; items[itHell] = 10;
  for(int i=BARLEV; i>=7 - getDistLimit() - genrange_bonus; i--) {
    setdist(cwt.at, i, NULL);

    currentmap->verify();
    }

  if(doCross) {
    for(int i=0; i<ittypes; i++) if(itemclass(eItem(i)) == IC_TREASURE) items[i] = 50;
    for(int i=0; i<motypes; i++) kills[i] = 30;
    items[itSavedPrincess] = 0;
    kills[moPrincessMoved] = 0;
    kills[moPrincessArmedMoved] = 0;
    kills[moPlayer] = 0;
    }

  if(quotient && generateAll(firstland)) {
    for(int i=0; i<isize(currentmap->allcells()); i++)
      setdist(currentmap->allcells()[i], 8, NULL);
    }


  if(multi::players > 1 && !shmup::on) for(int i=0; i<numplayers(); i++) {
    int idir = (3 * i) % cwt.at->type;
    multi::player[i].at = cwt.at->move(idir);
    // special case -- otherwise they land on a wall
    if(firstland == laCrossroads2 && i == 1)
      multi::player[1].at = cwt.at;
    if(firstland == laCrossroads2 && i == 6)
      multi::player[6].at = createMov(createMov(cwt.at, 0), 3);
    setdist(cwt.at->move(idir), 7 - getDistLimit() - genrange_bonus, cwt.at);
    multi::player[i].spin = 0;
    multi::flipped[i] = true;
    multi::whereto[i].d = MD_UNDECIDED;
    }

  yendor::init(3);
  peace::simon::init();

  multi::revive_queue.clear();
#if CAP_TOUR
  if(tour::on) tour::presentation(tour::pmRestart);
#endif

  if(multi::players > 1 && !shmup::on) {
    for(cell *pc: player_positions())
      makeEmpty(pc);
    }
  else {
    makeEmpty(cwt.at);
    }

  if(specialland == laMinefield && closed_or_bounded) {
    bfs();
    generate_mines();
    }

  if(specialland == laHalloween)
    halloween::generate();

  if(in_lovasz()) {
    cwt.at->item = itOrbInvis;
    }

  princess::squeaked = false;
  clearing::current_root = NULL;

  if(!safety) {
    usedSafety = false;
    timerstart = time(NULL); turncount = 0; rosewave = 0; rosephase = 0;
    tickstart = ticks;
    noiseuntil = 0;
    sagephase = 0; hardcoreAt = 0;
    timerstopped = false;
    savecount = 0; savetime = 0;
    tortoise::last21tort = 0;
    cheater = 0;
    if(autocheat) cheater = 1;
    if(!wfc::use_eclectic) cheater = 1;
    if(!autocheat && !cheater && geometry == gNormal) patterns::whichShape = 0;
    hauntedWarning = false;
    if(!autocheat) {
      timerghost = true;
      gen_wandering = true;
      }
    truelotus = 0;
    asteroids_generated = 0;
    asteroid_orbs_generated = 0;
    survivalist = true;
    #if CAP_CRYSTAL
    crystal::used_compass_inside = false;
    #endif
    got_achievements = {};
#if CAP_INV
    if(inv::on) inv::init();
#endif
#if CAP_COMPLEX2
    mine::auto_teleport_charges();
#endif
    welcomeMessage();
    }
  else {
    usedSafety = true;
    safety = false;
    }

  havewhat = hadwhat = 0; rosemap.clear();

  elec::lightningfast = 0;

  lastsafety = gold();
  bfs();
  checkmove();
  playermoved = true;

  if(quotient || sphere)
    for(cell *c: currentmap->allcells()) setdist(c, 8, NULL);

  if(!allowChangeRange()) {
    gamerange_bonus = genrange_bonus = 0;
    if(vid.use_smart_range == 2) vid.use_smart_range = 1;
    }
  if(!allowIncreasedSight()) vid.use_smart_range = 0;
  calcTidalPhase();
  callhooks(hooks_post_initgame);
  }

bool havesave = true;

#if CAP_SAVE

/** \brief A namespace for loading and saving scores and saved games (system.cpp), and for displaying these scores (scores.cpp).
 *
 * Most ApplyBox functions are used both for saving savegames and scores to the logfile, loading savegames and scores from the logfile,
 * and loading highscore information from the logfile. The flags saving, loading, and loadingHi specify what is actually done.
 */
EX namespace scores {

#if HDR
/** \brief the amount of boxes reserved for each hr::score item */
#define MAXBOX 500
/** \brief currently used boxes in hr::score */
#define POSSCORE 418
/** \brief a struct to keep local score from an earlier game */
struct score {
  /** \brief version used */
  string ver;
  /** \brief all the data of the saved score, see applyBoxes() */
  int box[MAXBOX];
  /** \brief yasc message */
  string yasc_message;
  };
#endif

/** \brief the current save */
EX score save;
/** \brief the index of the next box */
EX int boxid;

/** \brief see hr::applyBox */
EX bool saving, loading, loadingHi;

/** \brief names of all the boxes */
EX string boxname[MAXBOX];
/** \brief 'fake' boxes should not appear when examining local scores */
EX bool fakebox[MAXBOX];
/** \brief does this box contain monster kills */
EX bool monsbox[MAXBOX];

/** \brief the next box should contain t */
void applyBox(int& t) {
  if(saving) save.box[boxid++] = t;
  else if(loading) t = save.box[boxid++];
  else boxid++;
  }

/** \brief the next box should contain tb */
void applyBoxBignum(bignum& tb, string name) {
  float tf;
  int ti;
  if(saving) tf = tb.approx_ld();
  if(saving) memcpy(&ti, &tf, 4);
  applyBoxNum(ti, name);
  if(loading) memcpy(&tf, &ti, 4);
  if(loading) tb = bignum(tf);
  }

/** \brief the next box should contain i, and possibly be named name */
EX void applyBoxNum(int& i, string name IS("")) {
  fakebox[boxid] = (name == "" || name[0] == '@');
  boxname[boxid] = name;
  monsbox[boxid] = false;
  applyBox(i);
  }

/** \brief the next box should contain b, and possibly be named name */
void applyBoxBool(bool& b, string name = "") {
  int i = b;
  applyBoxNum(i, name);
  monsbox[boxid] = false;
  b = i;
  }

/** \brief Save i while saving, do nothing while loading. Use together with hr::scores::applyBoxLoad and boxid++ */
void applyBoxSave(int i, string name = "") {
  fakebox[boxid] = (name == "");
  boxname[boxid] = name;
  applyBox(i);
  }

/** \brief Load i while loading, do nothing while saving. Use together with hr::scores::applyBoxSave and boxid++ */
int applyBoxLoad(string name = "") {
  fakebox[boxid] = (name == "");
  boxname[boxid] = name;
  int i=0; applyBox(i);
  return i;
  }

/** \brief the next box is the number of collected items it */
void applyBoxI(eItem it, bool f = false) {
  boxname[boxid] = iinf[it].name;
  fakebox[boxid] = f;
  monsbox[boxid] = false;
  if(loadingHi) {
    updateHi_for_code(it, save.box[boxid++], saved_modecode);
    }
  else applyBox(items[it]);
  }

vector<eItem> invorb;

void addinv(eItem it) {
  invorb.push_back(it);
  }

/** \brief Handle the information about orb it. Need to call list_invorb later */
void applyBoxOrb(eItem it) {
  applyBoxI(it, true);
  invorb.push_back(it);
  }

/** \brief Handle the OSM information for all orbs that applyBoxOrb has been called for so far */
void list_invorb() {
  for(eItem it: invorb) {
#if CAP_INV
    if(true) {
      inv::applyBox(it);
      continue;
      }
#endif
    int u = 0;
    applyBoxNum(u);
    }
  invorb.clear();
  }

/** \brief handle the number of monsters of type m killed */
void applyBoxM(eMonster m, bool f = false) {
  fakebox[boxid] = f;
  boxname[boxid] = minf[m].name;
  monsbox[boxid] = true;
  applyBox(kills[m]);
  }

EX modecode_t saved_modecode;

template<class T> void applyBoxEnum(T& i, string name IS("")) {
  int ii = (int) i;
  applyBoxNum(ii, name);
  i = (T) ii;
  }

/** \brief Call applyBox for all the required values. This will save the values if hr::scores::saving==true, load if hr::scores::loading==true, load into highscores if hr::scores::loadingHi==true */
EX void applyBoxes() {
  invorb.clear();

  eLand lostin = laNone;

  applyBoxSave((int) timerstart, "time elapsed");
  time_t timer = time(NULL);
  applyBoxSave((int) timer, "date");
  applyBoxSave(gold(), "treasure collected");
  applyBoxSave(tkills(), "total kills");
  applyBoxNum(turncount, "turn count");
  applyBoxNum(cellcount, "cells generated");

  if(loading) timerstart = time(NULL);

  for(int i=0; i<itOrbLightning; i++)
    if(i == 0) items[i] = 0, applyBoxI(itFernFlower);
    else applyBoxI(eItem(i));

  for(int i=0; i<43; i++) {
    if(loading) kills[i] = 0;
    if(i == moWormtail) applyBoxM(moCrystalSage);
    else if(i == moWormwait) applyBoxM(moFireFairy);
    else if(i == moTentacleEscaping) applyBoxM(moMiner);
    else if(i == moREMOVED) applyBoxI(itFatigue);
    else if(i == moGolemMoved) applyBoxM(moIllusion);
    else if(i == moTentacletail) applyBoxI(itSnake);
    else if(i == moTentaclewait) applyBoxOrb(itOrbThorns);
    else if(i == moGreater) applyBoxOrb(itOrbDragon);
    else if(i == moGreaterM) applyBoxOrb(itOrbIllusion);
    else if(i == moLesserM) applyBoxM(moFriendlyGhost);
    else if(i == moWolfMoved) applyBoxM(moWorldTurtle);
    else if(i == moNone) applyBoxNum(kills[i], "icewalls melted");
    else applyBoxM(eMonster(i));
    }

  if(saving) {
    int totaltime = savetime;
    if(!timerstopped) totaltime += timer - timerstart;
    applyBoxSave((int) totaltime, "time played");
    }
  else if(loading) savetime = applyBoxLoad("time played");
  else boxname[boxid] = "time played", boxid++;

  if(saving) savecount++;
  applyBoxNum(savecount, "number of saves");
  if(saving) savecount--;
  applyBoxNum(cheater, "number of cheats");

  fakebox[boxid] = false;
  if(saving) applyBoxSave(items[itOrbSafety] ? safetyland : cwt.at->land, "@safetyland");
  else if(loading) firstland = safetyland = eLand(applyBoxLoad("@safetyland"));
  else lostin = eLand(save.box[boxid++]);

  for(int i=itOrbLightning; i<25; i++) applyBoxOrb(eItem(i));

  applyBoxI(itRoyalJelly);
  applyBoxI(itWine);
  applyBoxI(itSilver);
  applyBoxI(itEmerald);
  applyBoxI(itPower);
  applyBoxOrb(itOrbFire);
  applyBoxOrb(itOrbInvis);
  applyBoxOrb(itOrbAether);
  applyBoxOrb(itOrbPsi);
  applyBoxM(moBug0);
  applyBoxM(moBug1);
  applyBoxM(moBug2);
  applyBoxM(moVineBeast);
  applyBoxM(moVineSpirit);
  applyBoxM(moLancer);
  applyBoxM(moFlailer);
  applyBoxM(moEarthElemental);
  applyBoxM(moDarkTroll);
  applyBoxM(moWitch);
  applyBoxM(moWitchFire);
  applyBoxM(moWitchFlash);
  applyBoxM(moWitchGhost);
  applyBoxM(moWitchSpeed);
  applyBoxM(moEvilGolem);
  applyBoxM(moWitchWinter);
  applyBoxI(itHolyGrail);
  applyBoxI(itGrimoire);
  applyBoxM(moKnight);
  applyBoxM(moCultistLeader);

  applyBoxM(moPirate);
  applyBoxM(moCShark);
  applyBoxM(moParrot);
  applyBoxI(itPirate);
  applyBoxOrb(itOrbTime);

  applyBoxM(moHexSnake);
  applyBoxM(moRedTroll);
  applyBoxI(itRedGem);
  applyBoxOrb(itOrbSpace);

  int geo = geometry;
  applyBoxNum(geo, "@geometry"); geometry = eGeometry(geo);
  applyBoxBool(hardcore, "hardcore");
  applyBoxNum(hardcoreAt, "@hardcoreAt");
  applyBoxBool(shmup::on, "shmup");
  if(saving) applyBoxSave(specialland, "euclid land");
  else if(loading) specialland = eLand(applyBoxLoad("euclid land"));
  else fakebox[boxid++] = true;

  applyBoxI(itCoast);
  applyBoxI(itWhirlpool);
  applyBoxI(itBombEgg);
  applyBoxM(moBomberbird);
  applyBoxM(moTameBomberbird);
  applyBoxM(moAlbatross);
  applyBoxOrb(itOrbFriend);
  applyBoxOrb(itOrbAir);
  applyBoxOrb(itOrbWater);

  applyBoxI(itPalace);
  applyBoxI(itFjord);
  applyBoxOrb(itOrbFrog);
  applyBoxOrb(itOrbDiscord);
  applyBoxM(moPalace);
  applyBoxM(moFatGuard);
  applyBoxM(moSkeleton);
  applyBoxM(moVizier);
  applyBoxM(moViking);
  applyBoxM(moFjordTroll);
  applyBoxM(moWaterElemental);

  applyBoxI(itSavedPrincess);
  applyBoxOrb(itOrbLove);
  applyBoxM(moPrincess);
  applyBoxM(moPrincessMoved, false); // live Princess for Safety
  applyBoxM(moPrincessArmedMoved, false); // live Princess for Safety
  applyBoxM(moMouse);
  applyBoxNum(princess::saveArmedHP, "@saveArmedHP");
  applyBoxNum(princess::saveHP, "@saveHP");

  applyBoxI(itIvory);
  applyBoxI(itElemental);
  applyBoxI(itZebra);
  applyBoxI(itFireShard);
  applyBoxI(itWaterShard);
  applyBoxI(itAirShard);
  applyBoxI(itEarthShard);

  applyBoxM(moAirElemental);
  applyBoxM(moFireElemental);
  applyBoxM(moFamiliar);
  applyBoxM(moGargoyle);
  applyBoxM(moOrangeDog);
  applyBoxOrb(itOrbSummon);
  applyBoxOrb(itOrbMatter);

  applyBoxM(moForestTroll);
  applyBoxM(moStormTroll);
  applyBoxM(moOutlaw);
  applyBoxM(moMutant);
  applyBoxM(moMetalBeast);
  applyBoxM(moMetalBeast2);
  applyBoxI(itMutant);
  applyBoxI(itFulgurite);
  applyBoxI(itBounty);
  applyBoxOrb(itOrbLuck);
  applyBoxOrb(itOrbStunning);

  applyBoxBool(tactic::on, "@tactic");
  applyBoxNum(elec::lightningfast, "@lightningfast");

  // if(save.box[boxid]) printf("lotus = %d (lost = %d)\n", save.box[boxid], isHaunted(lostin));
  if(loadingHi && isHaunted(lostin)) boxid++;
  else applyBoxI(itLotus);
  applyBoxOrb(itOrbUndeath);
  applyBoxI(itWindstone);
  applyBoxOrb(itOrbEmpathy);
  applyBoxM(moWindCrow);
  applyBoxOrb(itMutant2);
  applyBoxOrb(itOrbFreedom);
  applyBoxM(moRedFox);
  applyBoxBool(survivalist, "@survivalist");
  if(loadingHi) applyBoxI(itLotus);
  else applyBoxNum(truelotus, "lotus/escape");

  applyBoxEnum(variation, "variation");
  applyBoxI(itRose);
  applyBoxOrb(itOrbBeauty);
  applyBoxI(itCoral);
  applyBoxOrb(itOrb37);
  applyBoxOrb(itOrbEnergy);
  applyBoxM(moRatling);
  applyBoxM(moFalsePrincess);
  applyBoxM(moRoseLady);
  applyBoxM(moRoseBeauty);
  applyBoxEnum(land_structure, "land structure");
  applyBoxNum(multi::players, "shmup players");
  if(multi::players < 1 || multi::players > MAXPLAYER)
    multi::players = 1;
  applyBoxM(moRatlingAvenger);
  // printf("applybox %d\n", shmup::players);

  applyBoxI(itApple);
  applyBoxM(moSparrowhawk);
  applyBoxM(moResearcher);
  applyBoxI(itDragon);
  applyBoxM(moDragonHead);
  applyBoxOrb(itOrbDomination);
  applyBoxI(itBabyTortoise);
  applyBoxNum(tortoise::seekbits, "@seekbits");
  applyBoxM(moTortoise);
  applyBoxOrb(itOrbShell);

  applyBoxNum(safetyseed, "@safetyseed");

  // (+18)
  for(int i=0; i<6; i++) {
    applyBoxNum(multi::treasures[i], "@multi-treasures" + its(i));
    applyBoxNum(multi::kills[i], "@multi-kills" + its(i));
    applyBoxNum(multi::deaths[i], "@multi-deaths" + its(i));
    }
  // (+8)
  applyBoxM(moDragonTail);
  applyBoxI(itKraken);
  applyBoxM(moKrakenH);
  applyBoxM(moKrakenT);
  applyBoxOrb(itOrbSword);
  applyBoxI(itBarrow);
  applyBoxM(moDraugr);
  applyBoxOrb(itOrbSword2);
  applyBoxI(itTrollEgg);
  applyBoxOrb(itOrbStone);

  bool sph;
  sph = false; applyBoxBool(sph, "sphere"); if(sph) geometry = gSphere;
  sph = false; applyBoxBool(sph, "elliptic"); if(sph) geometry = gElliptic;
  applyBoxNum(princess::reviveAt, "@reviveAt");

  applyBoxI(itDodeca);
  applyBoxI(itAmethyst);
  applyBoxI(itSlime);
  applyBoxOrb(itOrbNature);
  applyBoxOrb(itOrbDash);
  addinv(itOrbRecall);
  applyBoxM(moBat);
  applyBoxM(moReptile);
  applyBoxM(moFriendlyIvy);

  applyBoxI(itGreenGrass);
  applyBoxI(itBull);
  applyBoxOrb(itOrbHorns);
  applyBoxOrb(itOrbBull);
  applyBoxM(moSleepBull);
  applyBoxM(moRagingBull);
  applyBoxM(moHerdBull);
  applyBoxM(moButterfly);
  applyBoxM(moGadfly);

  // 10.0:
  applyBoxNum(hinttoshow, "@hinttoshow"); // 258
  addinv(itOrbMirror);
  addinv(itGreenStone);
  list_invorb();
  #if CAP_INV
  applyBoxBool(inv::on, "inventory"); // 306
  applyBoxNum(inv::rseed, "@inv-rseed");
  #else
  { int u; applyBoxNum(u); applyBoxNum(u); }
  #endif

  // 10.1:
  applyBoxI(itLavaLily);
  applyBoxI(itHunting);
  applyBoxI(itBlizzard);
  applyBoxI(itTerra);
  applyBoxOrb(itOrbSide1);
  applyBoxOrb(itOrbSide2);
  applyBoxOrb(itOrbSide3);
  applyBoxOrb(itOrbLava);
  applyBoxOrb(itOrbMorph);
  applyBoxM(moHunterDog);
  applyBoxM(moIceGolem);
  applyBoxM(moVoidBeast);
  applyBoxM(moJiangshi);
  applyBoxM(moTerraWarrior);
  applyBoxM(moSalamander);
  applyBoxM(moLavaWolf);

  applyBoxOrb(itOrbSlaying);
  applyBoxOrb(itOrbMagnetism);
  applyBoxOrb(itOrbPhasing);
  applyBoxI(itDock);
  applyBoxI(itGlowCrystal);
  applyBoxI(itMagnet);
  applyBoxI(itRuins);
  applyBoxI(itSwitch);
  applyBoxM(moNorthPole);
  applyBoxM(moSouthPole);
  applyBoxM(moSwitch1);
  applyBoxM(moSwitch2);
  applyBoxM(moAltDemon);
  applyBoxM(moHexDemon);
  applyBoxM(moPair);
  applyBoxM(moCrusher);
  applyBoxM(moMonk);

  bool v2 = false;
  applyBoxBool(v2, "@variation"); if(loading && v2) variation = eVariation::goldberg;
  applyBoxNum(gp::param.first, "@gp-first");
  applyBoxNum(gp::param.second, "@gp-second");

  v2 = false; applyBoxBool(v2); if(loading && v2) variation = eVariation::irregular;
  applyBoxNum(irr::cellcount, "@irr-cellcount");

  list_invorb();

  applyBoxNum(irr::bitruncations_performed, "@irr-bitruncations");

  applyBoxI(itVarTreasure);
  applyBoxI(itBrownian);
  applyBoxI(itWest);
  applyBoxM(moAcidBird);
  applyBoxM(moBrownBug);
  applyBoxM(moVariantWarrior);
  applyBoxM(moWestHawk);
  applyBoxM(moFallingDog);
  applyBoxOrb(itOrbIntensity);
  applyBoxOrb(itOrbChoice);
  applyBoxOrb(itOrbGravity);
  list_invorb();

  applyBoxM(moNarciss);
  applyBoxM(moMirrorSpirit);

  applyBoxNum(clearing::direct, "@clearing-direct");
  applyBoxBignum(clearing::imputed, "@clearing-imputed");

  applyBoxOrb(itOrbImpact);
  applyBoxOrb(itOrbChaos);
  applyBoxOrb(itOrbPlague);
  applyBoxI(itEclectic);
  applyBoxI(itFrog);
  applyBoxI(itWet);
  applyBoxM(moFrog);
  applyBoxM(moPhaser);
  applyBoxM(moVaulter);
  applyBoxM(moPike);
  applyBoxM(moRusalka);
  list_invorb();

  applyBoxNum(saved_modecode, "modecode");
  applyBoxBool(ineligible_starting_land, "ineligible_starting_land");

  applyBoxNum(yasc_code, "YASC code");
  applyBoxBool(casual, "casual mode");

  applyBoxI(itCursed);
  applyBoxI(itDice);
  applyBoxOrb(itOrbPurity);
  applyBoxOrb(itOrbWoods);
  applyBoxM(moHexer);
  applyBoxM(moAngryDie);
  applyBoxM(moAnimatedDie);
  applyBoxI(itCurseWeakness, true);
  applyBoxI(itCurseFatigue, true);
  applyBoxI(itCurseDraining, true);
  applyBoxI(itCurseRepulsion, true);
  applyBoxI(itCurseGluttony, true);
  applyBoxI(itCurseWater, true);
  list_invorb();

  applyBoxEnum(bow::weapon, "weapon choice");
  applyBoxEnum(bow::style, "crossbow style");

  applyBoxOrb(itOrbFish);
  list_invorb();

  applyBoxNum(items[itCrossbow]);
  applyBoxNum(items[itRevolver]);
  applyBoxNum(items[itAsteroid]);
  applyBoxM(moAsteroid);
  applyBoxNum(items[itTreat]);
  applyBoxM(moVampire);
  applyBoxNum(asteroids_generated);
  applyBoxNum(asteroid_orbs_generated);

  if(POSSCORE != boxid) printf("ERROR: %d boxes\n", boxid);
  if(isize(invorb)) { println(hlog, "ERROR: Orbs not taken into account"); exit(1); }
  }

/** \brief save the current game values to save */
EX void saveBox() {
  boxid = 0; saving = true; applyBoxes(); saving = false;
  }

/** \brief load the current game values from save */
void loadBox() {
  // have boxid
  boxid = 0; loading = true; applyBoxes(); loading = false;
  }

#if HDR
constexpr int MODECODE_BOX = 387;
#endif

modecode_t fill_modecode() {
  dynamicval<int> sp1(multi::players, save.box[197]);
  dynamicval<eGeometry> sp2(geometry, (eGeometry) save.box[116]);
  if(among(geometry, gArchimedean, gProduct, gRotSpace, gArbitrary))
    return 6; /* these would not be saved nor loaded correctly */
  dynamicval<bool> sp3(shmup::on, save.box[119]);
  dynamicval<eLandStructure> sp4(land_structure, (eLandStructure) save.box[196]);
  dynamicval<eVariation> sp5(variation, (eVariation) save.box[186]);
  dynamicval<int> sp7(gp::param.first, save.box[342]);
  dynamicval<int> sp8(gp::param.second, save.box[343]);
  #if CAP_INV
  dynamicval<bool> spinv(inv::on, save.box[306]);
  #endif

  if(save.box[238]) geometry = gSphere;
  if(save.box[239]) geometry = gElliptic;
  if(save.box[341]) variation = eVariation::goldberg;
  if(save.box[344]) variation = eVariation::irregular;

  if(multi::players < 0 || multi::players > MAXPLAYER)
    return 6;

  if(multi::players == 0)
    multi::players = 1;

  if(shmup::on && multi::players == 1 && boxid <= 258)
    return 6; /* not sure why */

  return modecode(2);
  }

/** \brief load the current game values from save into the highscore tables */
void loadBoxHigh() {
  saved_modecode = save.box[MODECODE_BOX];
  boxid = 0; loadingHi = true; applyBoxes(); loadingHi = false;
  }

EX }

// certify that saves and achievements were received
// in an official version of HyperRogue

EX namespace anticheat {
  EX int certify(const string& s, int a, int b, int c, int d IS(0));
EX }

#if CAP_CERTIFY
#include "private/certify.cpp"
#endif

#if !CAP_CERTIFY
EX namespace anticheat {
  EX bool tampered;
  void save(FILE *f) {}
  bool load(FILE *f, scores::score& sc, const string& ver) {return true; }
  int certify(const string& s, int a, int b, int c, int d) { return d; }
  int check(int cv, const string& ver, const string& s, int a, int b, int c, int d=0) { return cv==d; }
  void nextid(int& tid, const string& ver, int cert) { tid++; }
EX }
#endif

long long saveposition = -1;

EX void remove_emergency_save() {
  if(scorefile == "") return;
#if !ISWINDOWS
  if(saveposition >= 0) {
    if(truncate(scorefile.c_str(), saveposition)) {}
    saveposition = -1;
    }
#endif
  }

scores::score scorebox;

EX bool save_cheats;

EX void saveStats(bool emergency IS(false)) {
  DEBBI(DF_INIT, ("saveStats [", scorefile, "]"));

  if(autocheat && !save_cheats) return;
  if(scorefile == "") return;
  #if CAP_TOUR
  if(tour::on && !save_cheats) return;
  #endif
  if(randomPatternsMode && !save_cheats) return;
  if(daily::on) return;
  if(peace::on && !save_cheats) return;
  if(experimental) return;

  if(!gold() && !racing::on) return;

  remove_emergency_save();

  auto& xcode = scores::saved_modecode;

  xcode = modecode();

  FILE *f = fopen(scorefile.c_str(), "at");

  if(!f) {
    // printf("Could not open the score file '%s'!\n", scorefile);
    addMessage(XLAT("Could not open the score file: ") + scorefile);
    return;
    }

  if(emergency) {
    saveposition = ftell(f);
//  if(!timerghost) addMessage(XLAT("Emergency save at ") + its(saveposition));
    }

  time_t timer;
  timer = time(NULL);
  char sbuf[128]; strftime(sbuf, 128, "%c", localtime(&timerstart));
  char buf[128]; strftime(buf, 128, "%c", localtime(&timer));

  if((tactic::on || yendor::on) && !items[itOrbSafety] && !cheater) {
    int t = (int) (timer - timerstart);

    if(tactic::on) {
      int score = items[treasureType(specialland)];

      if(score) {
        int c =
          anticheat::certify(dnameof(specialland), turncount, t, (int) timerstart,
            unsigned(xcode)*999 + tactic::id + 256 * score);
        fprintf(f, "TACTICS %s %d %d %d %d %d %d %d %d date: %s\n", VER,
          tactic::id, specialland, score, turncount, t, int(timerstart),
          c, int(xcode), buf);
        tactic::record(specialland, score);
        anticheat::nextid(tactic::id, VER, c);
        }
      }

    if(yendor::on)
      fprintf(f, "YENDOR %s %d %d %d %d %d %d %d %d date: %s\n", VER,
        yendor::lastchallenge, items[itOrbYendor], yendor::won, turncount, t, int(timerstart),
        anticheat::certify(yendor::won ? "WON" : "LOST", turncount, t, (int) timerstart,
          unsigned(xcode)*999 + yendor::lastchallenge + 256 * items[itOrbYendor]),
        int(xcode),
        buf);

    fclose(f);
    return;
    }

  #if CAP_RACING
  if(racing::on) {
    auto& bs = racing::best_scores_to_save;
    if(racing::official_race && !cheater && bs.count(specialland)) {
      fprintf(f, "RACING %s %d %d date: %s\n", VER,
        int(specialland), bs[specialland],
        buf);
      bs.erase(specialland);
      }
    fclose(f);
    return;
    }
  #endif

  fprintf(f, "HyperRogue: game statistics (version " VER ")\n");
  if(cheater)
    fprintf(f, "CHEATER! (cheated %d times)\n", cheater);
  if(true) {

    fprintf(f, VER);
    if(!shmup::on) items[itOrbLife] = countMyGolems(moGolem);
    if(!shmup::on) items[itOrbFriend] = countMyGolems(moTameBomberbird);
    if(!shmup::on) kills[moPrincessMoved] = countMyGolems(moPrincess);
    if(!shmup::on) kills[moPrincessArmedMoved] = countMyGolems(moPrincessArmed);
    if(!shmup::on) princess::saveHP = countMyGolemsHP(moPrincess);
    if(!shmup::on) princess::saveArmedHP = countMyGolemsHP(moPrincessArmed);
    scores::saveBox();

    for(int i=0; i<scores::boxid; i++) fprintf(f, " %d", scores::save.box[i]);
    scorebox = scores::save;
    anticheat::save(f);

    fprintf(f, "\n");
    if(yasc_message != "") fprintf(f, "YASC %s\n", yasc_message.c_str());
    }
  fprintf(f, "Played on: %s - %s (%d %s)\n", sbuf, buf, turncount,
    shmup::on ? "knives" : "turns");
  fprintf(f, "Total wealth: %d\n", gold());
  fprintf(f, "Total enemies killed: %d\n", tkills());
  fprintf(f, "cells generated: %d\n", cellcount);
  if(pureHardcore()) fprintf(f, "Pure hardcore mode\n");
  if(geometry) fprintf(f, "Geometry: %s/%s/%s\n", gp::operation_name().c_str(), ginf[geometry].tiling_name.c_str(), ginf[geometry].quotient_name.c_str());

  if(!ls::nice_walls())
    fprintf(f, "land structure: %s\n", land_structure_name(true).c_str());

  if(shmup::on) fprintf(f, "Shoot-em up mode\n");
  if(inv::on) fprintf(f, "Inventory mode\n");
  if(multi::players > 1) fprintf(f, "Multi-player (%d players)\n", multi::players);
  fprintf(f, "Number of cells explored, by distance from the player:\n");
  {for(int i=0; i<10; i++) fprintf(f, " %d", explore[i]);} fprintf(f, "\n");
  if(kills[0]) fprintf(f, "walls melted: %d\n", kills[0]);
  fprintf(f, "cells travelled: %d\n", celldist(cwt.at));

  fprintf(f, "\n");

  for(int i=0; i<ittypes; i++) if(items[i])
    fprintf(f, "%4dx %s\n", items[i], iinf[i].name);

  fprintf(f, "\n");

  for(int i=1; i<motypes; i++) if(kills[i])
    fprintf(f, "%4dx %s\n", kills[i], minf[i].name);

  fprintf(f, "\n\n\n");

#if !ISMOBILE
  DEBB(DF_INIT, ("Game statistics saved to ", scorefile));
  addMessage(XLAT("Game statistics saved to %1", scorefile));
#endif
  fclose(f);
  }

bool tamper = false;

// load the save
EX void loadsave() {
  if(autocheat) return;
  if(scorefile == "") return;
#if CAP_TOUR
  if(tour::on) return;
#endif
  DEBBI(DF_INIT, ("loadSave"));

  FILE *f = fopen(scorefile.c_str(), "rt");
  havesave = f;
  if(!f) return;
  bool ok = false;
  int coh = counthints();
  auto& sc = scorebox;
  while(!feof(f)) {
    char buf[12000];
    if(fgets(buf, 12000, f) == NULL) break;
    if(buf[0] == 'M' && buf[1] == 'O') {
      string s = buf;
      while(s != "" && s.back() < 32) s.pop_back();
      load_modecode_line(s);
      }
    if(buf[0] == 'N' && buf[1] == 'A') {
      string s = buf;
      while(s != "" && s.back() < 32) s.pop_back();
      load_modename_line(s);
      }
    if(buf[0] == 'H' && buf[1] == 'y') {
      if(fscanf(f, "%9999s", buf) <= 0) break;
      sc.ver = buf;
      if(sc.ver == "CHEATER!" && save_cheats) {
        if(fgets(buf, 12000, f) == NULL) break;
        if(fscanf(f, "%9999s", buf) <= 0) break;
        sc.ver = buf;
        }
      if(sc.ver[1] != '.') sc.ver = '0' + sc.ver;
      if(verless(sc.ver, "4.4") || sc.ver == "CHEATER!") { ok = false; continue; }
      ok = true;
      for(int i=0; i<MAXBOX; i++) {
        if(fscanf(f, "%d", &sc.box[i]) <= 0) {
          scores::boxid = i;

          tamper = anticheat::load(f, sc, sc.ver);

          using namespace scores;
          for(int i=0; i<boxid; i++) save.box[i] = sc.box[i];
          for(int i=boxid; i<MAXBOX; i++) save.box[i] = 0, sc.box[i] = 0;

          if(boxid <= MODECODE_BOX) save.box[MODECODE_BOX] = sc.box[MODECODE_BOX] = fill_modecode();

          if(save.box[258] >= 0 && save.box[258] < coh) {
             hints[save.box[258]].last = save.box[1];
             }

          loadBoxHigh();

          break;
          }
        }
      }
    if(buf[0] == 'A' && buf[1] == 'C' && buf[2] == 'H') {
      char buf1[80], buf2[80];
      sscanf(buf, "%70s%70s", buf1, buf2);
      if(buf2 == string("PRINCESS1")) princess::everSaved = true;
      if(buf2 == string("YENDOR2")) yendor::everwon = true;
      if(buf2 == string("CR4")) chaosUnlocked = true;
      }

    if(buf[0] == 'T' && buf[1] == 'A' && buf[2] == 'C') {
      ok = false;
      char buf1[80], ver[10];
      int tid, land, score, tc, t, ts, cert;
      int xc = -1;
      sscanf(buf, "%70s%9s%d%d%d%d%d%d%d%d",
        buf1, ver, &tid, &land, &score, &tc, &t, &ts, &cert, &xc);

      eLand l2 = eLand(land);
      if(land == laMirror && verless(ver, "10.0")) l2 = laMirrorOld;

      if(xc == -1)
        for(xc=0; xc<32768; xc++)
          if(anticheat::check(cert, ver, dnameof(l2), tc, t, ts, xc*999+unsigned(tid) + 256 * score))
            break;

      if(tid == tactic::id && (anticheat::check(cert, ver, dnameof(l2), tc, t, ts, xc*unsigned(999)+ unsigned(tid) + 256 * score))) {
        if(score != 0
          && !(land == laOcean && verless(ver, "8.0f"))
          && !(land == laTerracotta && verless(ver, "10.3e"))
          && !(land == laWildWest && verless(ver, "11.3b") && !verless(ver, "11.3")))
          tactic::record(l2, score, get_identify(xc));
        anticheat::nextid(tactic::id, ver, cert);
        }
      }

    if(buf[0] == 'Y' && buf[1] == 'E' && buf[2] == 'N') {
      char buf1[80], ver[10];
      int cid, oy, won, tc, t, ts, cert=0, xc = -1;
      sscanf(buf, "%70s%9s%d%d%d%d%d%d%d%d",
        buf1, ver, &cid, &oy, &won, &tc, &t, &ts, &cert, &xc);

      if(xc == -1)
        for(xc=0; xc<32768; xc++)
          if(anticheat::check(cert, ver, won ? "WON" : "LOST", tc, t, ts, xc*999 + cid + 256 * oy))
            break;

      if(won) if(anticheat::check(cert, ver, won ? "WON" : "LOST", tc, t, ts, xc*999 + cid + 256 * oy)) {
        if(xc == 19 && cid == 25) xc = 0;
        xc = get_identify(xc);
        if(cid > 0 && cid < YENDORLEVELS)
        if(!(verless(ver, "8.0f") && oy > 1 && cid == 15))
        if(!(verless(ver, "9.3b") && oy > 1 && (cid == 27 || cid == 28)))
          {
          yendor::bestscore[xc][cid] = max(yendor::bestscore[xc][cid], oy);
          }
        }
      }

  #if CAP_RACING
  if(buf[0] == 'R' && buf[1] == 'A' && buf[2] == 'C') {
    char buf1[80], ver[10];
    int land, score;
    sscanf(buf, "%70s%9s%d%d", buf1, ver, &land, &score);
    /* score may equal 0 because of earlier bugs */
    if(score) {
      auto& res = racing::best_scores[eLand(land)];
      if(score < res || res == 0) res = score;
      }
    println(hlog, "loaded the score for ", dnameof(eLand(land)), " of ", score);
    }
  #endif

    }
  fclose(f);
  // this is the index of Orb of Safety
  if(ok && sc.box[65 + 4 + itOrbSafety - itOrbLightning])
    load_last_save();
  }

EX void load_last_save() {
  auto& sc = scorebox;
  anticheat::tampered = tamper;
//  printf("box = %d (%d)\n", sc.box[65 + 4 + itOrbSafety - itOrbLightning], boxid);
//  printf("boxid = %d\n", boxid);
  using namespace scores;
  for(int i=0; i<boxid; i++) save.box[i] = sc.box[i];
  for(int i=boxid; i<MAXBOX; i++) save.box[i] = 0;
//  for(int i=160; i<200; i++) printf("%d: %d ", i, save.box[i]);

  if(meaning.count(sc.box[MODECODE_BOX])) {
    shstream ss;
    ss.s = meaning[sc.box[MODECODE_BOX]];
    ss.read(ss.vernum);
    if(ss.vernum < 0xAA05)
      mapstream::load_geometry(ss);
    else {
      ss.write_char(0);
      load_mode_data_with_zero(ss);
      }
    }

  loadBox();
//  printf("boxid = %d\n", boxid);
  #if CAP_COMPLEX2
  if(items[itHolyGrail]) {
    items[itHolyGrail]--;
    camelot::knighted = newRoundTableRadius();
    items[itHolyGrail]++;
    }
  else camelot::knighted = 0;
  #endif
  safety = true;
  if(items[itSavedPrincess] < 0) items[itSavedPrincess] = 0;
  addMessage(XLAT("Game loaded."));
  showstartmenu = false;
  // reset unsavable special modes just in case
  peace::on = false;
  randomPatternsMode = false;
  yendor::on = false;
  tour::on = false;
  save_turns = turncount;
  }
#endif

EX void stop_game() {
  if(!game_active) return;
  if(dual::split(stop_game)) return;
  DEBBI(DF_INIT, ("stop_game"));
  achievement_final(true);
#if CAP_SAVE
  if(!casual)
    saveStats();
#endif
  for(int i=0; i<ittypes; i++) items[i] = 0;
  lastkills = 0; for(int i=0; i<motypes; i++) kills[i] = 0;
  for(int i=0; i<10; i++) explore[i] = 0;
  for(int i=0; i<10; i++) for(int l=0; l<landtypes; l++)
    exploreland[i][l] = 0;

  for(int i: player_indices())
    multi::deaths[i]++;

#if CAP_SAVE
  anticheat::tampered = false;
#endif
  achievementsReceived.clear();
  princess::saved = false;
  princess::nodungeon = false;
  princess::reviveAt = 0;
  princess::forceVizier = false;
  princess::forceMouse = false;
  #if CAP_COMPLEX2
  camelot::knighted = 0;
  #endif
  // items[itGreenStone] = 100;
  clearMemory();
  game_active = false;
#if CAP_DAILY
  if(daily::on)
    daily::turnoff();
#endif
  }

EX eModel default_model() {
  if(sl2) return mdGeodesic;
  if(nonisotropic) return nisot::geodesic_movement ? mdGeodesic : mdLiePerspective;
  if(GDIM == 3) return mdPerspective;
  return mdDisk;
  }

EX purehookset hooks_on_geometry_change;

EX void geometry_settings(bool was_default) {
  if(was_default) pmodel = default_model();
  if(WDIM == 2 && (cgflags & qIDEAL) && vid.always3 && vid.texture_step < 32) vid.texture_step = 32;
  if(sl2) nisot::geodesic_movement = true;
  }

EX void set_geometry(eGeometry target) {
  bool was_default = pmodel == default_model();
  callhooks(hooks_on_geometry_change);
  if(geometry != target) {
    stop_game();
    ors::reset();
    if(among(target, gProduct, gRotSpace)) {
      if(vid.always3) { vid.always3 = false; geom3::apply_always3(); }
      if(target == gRotSpace) hybrid::csteps = 0;
      hybrid::configure(target);
      }
    geometry = target;

    #if CAP_IRR
    if(IRREGULAR) variation = eVariation::bitruncated;
    #endif
    #if CAP_GP
    if(GOLDBERG && gp::param == gp::loc(1,1) && S3 == 3) {
      variation = eVariation::bitruncated;
      }
    if(GOLDBERG && nonorientable) {
      if(gp::param.second && gp::param.second != gp::param.first)
        gp::param.second = 0;
      }
    #endif
    if(DUAL && geometry != gArchimedean && !mhybrid)
      variation = ginf[geometry].default_variation;
    #if CAP_BT
    if(bt::in() || WDIM == 3 || aperiodic || arb::in()) if(!mhybrid) variation = eVariation::pure;
    #endif
    if(S3 >= OINF) variation = eVariation::pure;
    if(INVERSE && !mhybrid) variation = gp::variation_for(gp::param);
    if(ginf[target].default_variation == eVariation::pure && geometry != gArchimedean && !mhybrid)
      variation = eVariation::pure;
    geometry_settings(was_default);

    if(geometry == gArbitrary) {
      arb::convert::base_geometry = geometry;
      arb::convert::base_variation = variation;
      }

    if(rotspace) {
      check_cgi(); cgi.require_basics();
      hybrid::csteps = cgi.psl_steps;
      }
    }
  }

EX void set_variation(eVariation target) {
  if(variation != target) {
    stop_game();
    if(is_subcube_based(target)) {
      if(!reg3::in()) geometry = hyperbolic ? gSpace435 : gCell8;
      variation = target;
      return;
      }
    if(is_reg3_variation(target)) {
      if(!reg3::in()) geometry = hyperbolic ? gSpace435 : gCell8;
      variation = target;
      return;
      }
    if(target != eVariation::pure) {
      if(bt::in() || sol || aperiodic || WDIM == 3) if(!mproduct) geometry = gNormal;
      }
    auto& cd = ginf[gCrystal];
    if(target == eVariation::bitruncated && cryst && cd.sides == 8 && cd.vertex == 4) {
      cd.vertex = 3;
      cd.tiling_name = "{8,3}";
      target = eVariation::pure;
      }
    variation = target;
    }
  }

void stop_tour() {
  while(gamestack::pushed()) {
    gamestack::pop();
    stop_game();
    }
  }

EX void switch_game_mode(char switchWhat) {
  DEBBI(DF_INIT, ("switch_game_mode ", switchWhat));
  switch(switchWhat) {
    case rg::peace:
      peace::on = !peace::on;
      tactic::on = yendor::on = princess::challenge =
      randomPatternsMode = inv::on = false;
      racing::on = false;
      bow::weapon = bow::wBlade;
      break;

    case rg::dualmode:
      stop_tour(); tour::on = false;
      racing::on = false;
      yendor::on = tactic::on = princess::challenge = false;
      bow::weapon = bow::wBlade;
      if(!dual::state) dual::enable();
      else dual::disable();
      break;

    case rg::inv:
      inv::on = !inv::on;
      if(tactic::on) firstland = specialland = laIce;
      tactic::on = yendor::on = princess::challenge =
      peace::on = false;
      racing::on = false;
      break;

    case rg::chaos:
      if(tactic::on) firstland = laIce;
      yendor::on = tactic::on = princess::challenge = false;
      land_structure = ls::any_chaos() ? lsNiceWalls : lsChaos;
      if(closed_or_bounded) set_geometry(gNormal);
      racing::on = false;
      break;

#if CAP_TOUR
    case rg::tour:
      if(tour::on) stop_tour();
      geometry = gNormal;
      yendor::on = tactic::on = princess::challenge = peace::on = inv::on = false;
      dual::disable();
      land_structure = lsNiceWalls;
      randomPatternsMode = false;
      variation = eVariation::bitruncated;
      #if CAP_GP
      gp::param = gp::loc(1, 1);
      #endif
      shmup::on = false;
      tour::on = !tour::on;
      racing::on = false;
      break;
#endif

    case rg::yendor:
      yendor::on = !yendor::on;
      tactic::on = false;
      peace::on = false;
      inv::on = false;
      princess::challenge = false;
      randomPatternsMode = false;
      land_structure = lsNiceWalls;
      racing::on = false;
      if(!yendor::on) firstland = laIce;
      dual::disable();
      break;

#if CAP_RACING
    case rg::racing:
      racing::on = !racing::on;
      shmup::on = racing::on;
      peace::on = false;
      tour::on = false;
      inv::on = false;
      yendor::on = false;
      land_structure = racing::on ? lsSingle : lsNiceWalls;
      princess::challenge = false;
      dual::disable();
      break;
#endif

    case rg::tactic:
      tactic::on = !tactic::on;
      yendor::on = false;
      peace::on = false;
      inv::on = false;
      randomPatternsMode = false;
      princess::challenge = false;
      racing::on = false;
      land_structure = tactic::on ? lsSingle : lsNiceWalls;
      if(!tactic::on) firstland = laIce;
      dual::disable();
      break;

    case rg::shmup:
      shmup::on = !shmup::on;
      princess::challenge = false;
      if(!shmup::on) racing::on = false;
      if(!shmup::on && multi::players > 1) bow::weapon = bow::wBlade;
      break;

    case rg::randpattern:
      randomPatternsMode = !randomPatternsMode;
      tactic::on = false;
      yendor::on = false;
      peace::on = false;
      princess::challenge = false;
      break;

    case rg::princess:
      princess::challenge = !princess::challenge;
      firstland = specialland = princess::challenge ? laPalace : laIce;
      shmup::on = false;
      tactic::on = false;
      yendor::on = false;
      land_structure = princess::challenge ? lsSingle : lsNiceWalls;
      inv::on = false;
      racing::on = false;
      use_custom_land_list = false;
      dual::disable();
      break;

#if CAP_DAILY
    case rg::daily:
      daily::setup();
      break;

    case rg::daily_off:
      daily::turnoff();
      break;
#endif
    }
  }

EX void start_game() {
  if(game_active) return;
  DEBBI(DF_INIT, ("start_game"));
  if(dual::state == 1) dual::assign_landsides();
  if(dual::split(start_game)) return;
  restart:
  game_active = true;
  gamegen_failure = false;
  ignored_memory_warning = false;
  check_cgi();
  cgi.require_basics();
  #if CAP_ARCM
  arcm::current_or_fake().compute_geometry();
  #endif
  initcells();
  get_expansion().reset();
  init_disk_cells();

  if(randomPatternsMode) {
    for(int i=0; i<landtypes; i++) {
      randompattern[i] = hrandpos();
      // change probability 1/5 to 2/6
      if(hrand(5) == 0) {
        randompattern[i] -= (randompattern[i] % 5);
        }
      }
    if(randomPatternsMode) specialland = pickLandRPM(laNone);
    clearMemoRPM();
    }

  initgame();
  if(gamegen_failure) {
    stop_game();
    goto restart;
    }
  canmove = true;
  restartGraph();
  resetmusic();
  resetmusic();
#if CAP_TEXTURE
  texture::config.remap();
#endif
  subscreens::prepare();
  }

// popAllScreens + popAllGames + stop_game + switch_game_mode + start_game
EX void restart_game(char switchWhat IS(rg::nothing)) {
  popScreenAll();
  #if CAP_RACING
  if(switchWhat == rg::nothing && racing::on) {
    racing::restore_goals();
    racing::reset_race();
    shmup::count_pauses = 0;
    return;
    }
  #endif
  stop_game();
  switch_game_mode(switchWhat);
  start_game();
  }

// stop_game + switch_game_mode
EX void stop_game_and_switch_mode(char switchWhat IS(rg::nothing)) {
  stop_game();
  switch_game_mode(switchWhat);
  }

EX purehookset hooks_clearmemory;

EX void clearMemory() {
  callhooks(hooks_clearmemory);
  }

EX bool fixseed = false;
EX int startseed = 0;

EX eLand firstland0;

EX purehookset hooks_initialize;

EX bool savefile_selection = false;

EX void select_savefile() {
  if(!savefile_selection) return;
  start_game();
  bool canceled = true;
  if(scorefile == "") scorefile = "hyperrogue.log";
  pushScreen([] { quitmainloop = true; });
  dialog::openFileDialog(scorefile, XLAT("choose your score/save file"), ".log", [&] {
    println(hlog, "hook called");
    canceled = false;
    quitmainloop = true;
    return true;
    });
  clearMessages();
  mainloop();
  quitmainloop = false;
  stop_game();
  popScreenAll();
  if(canceled) scorefile = "";
  }

EX void progress_warning() {
  if(scorefile == "" && savefile_selection)
    addMessage(XLAT("Your progress will not be saved."));
  }

EX void restore_all_golems() {
  if(!shmup::on) {
    restoreGolems(items[itOrbLife], moGolem); items[itOrbLife] = 0;
    restoreGolems(items[itOrbFriend], moTameBomberbird); items[itOrbFriend] = 0;
    restoreGolems(kills[moPrincessMoved], moPrincess, princess::saveHP); kills[moPrincessMoved] = 0;
    restoreGolems(kills[moPrincessArmedMoved], moPrincessArmed, princess::saveArmedHP); kills[moPrincessArmedMoved] = 0;
    }
  }

EX bool save_loaded;

EX void initAll() {
  callhooks(hooks_initialize);
  init_floorcolors();
  showstartmenu = true;
  ca::init();
#if CAP_COMMANDLINE
  arg::read(1);
#endif
  srand(time(NULL));
  shrand(fixseed ? startseed : time(NULL));

  achievement_init(); // not in ANDROID

  firstland0 = firstland;

  // initlanguage();
  initialize_all();

#if CAP_SAVE
  select_savefile();
  save_loaded = true;
  loadsave();
  if(IRREGULAR && !irr::base) irr::auto_creator();
#endif
  start_game();
  restore_all_golems();

  firstland = firstland0;
  polygonal::solve();
  }

EX purehookset hooks_final_cleanup;

EX void finishAll() {
  achievement_final(!items[itOrbSafety]);

#if CAP_SAVE
  if(!casual)
    saveStats();
#endif
  clearMemory();
#if !ISMOBILE
  quit_all();
#endif

  achievement_close();
  callhooks(hooks_final_cleanup);
  }

string modheader = "# HyperRogue saved game mode file";

set<string> allowed_params = {
  "creature_scale", "global_boundary_ratio", "specialland"
  };

EX void save_mode_to_file(const string& fname) {
  shstream ss;
  save_mode_data(ss);
  string s = as_hexstring(ss.s);
  fhstream f(fname, "w");
  if(!f.f) throw hstream_exception();
  println(f, modheader);
  println(f, s);
  if(custom_welcome != "") println(f, "CMSG ", custom_welcome);
  if(modename.count(current_modecode)) println(f, "NAME ", modename[current_modecode]);

  for(auto& ap: allowed_params) {
    auto& s = params[ap];
    if(s->dosave())
      println(f, ap, "=", s->save());
    }
  }

EX void load_mode_from_file(const string& fname) {
  fhstream f(fname, "r");
  if(!f.f) throw hstream_exception();
  string header = scanline(f);
  if(header[0] != '#') throw hstream_exception();
  string hex = scanline(f);
  shstream ss;
  ss.s = from_hexstring(hex + "00");
  custom_welcome = "";
  string custom_name = "";
  while(true) {
    string s = scanline_noblank(f);
    if(s == "") break;
    else if(s.substr(0, 5) == "CMSG ") custom_welcome = s.substr(5);
    else if(s.substr(0, 5) == "NAME ") custom_name = s.substr(5);
    else {
      auto pos = s.find("=");
      if(pos != string::npos) {
        string name = s.substr(0, pos);
        string value = s.substr(pos+1);
        if(!params.count(name) || !allowed_params.count(name))  {
          println(hlog, "# parameter unknown: ", name);
          continue;
          }
        params[name]->load_as_animation(value);
        }
      }
    }
  stop_game();
  load_mode_data_with_zero(ss);
  if(custom_name != "") { modecode(); update_modename(custom_name); }
  start_game();
  }

auto cgm = addHook(hooks_clearmemory, 40, [] () {
  pathq.clear();
  dcal.clear();
  clearshadow();
  for(int i=0; i<MAXPLAYER; i++) lastmountpos[i] = NULL;
  seenSevenMines = false;
  recallCell = NULL;
  butterflies.clear();
  buggycells.clear();
  crush_next.clear();
  crush_now.clear();
  rosemap.clear();
  hv_land.clear();
  bow::bowpath.clear();
  bow::clear_bowpath();
  bow::fire_mode = false;
  for(auto &am: adj_memo) am.clear();
  }) +
addHook(hooks_gamedata, 0, [] (gamedata* gd) {
  gd->store(pathq);
  gd->store(dcal);
  gd->store(recallCell);
  gd->store(butterflies);
  gd->store(buggycells);
  gd->store(crush_now);
  gd->store(crush_next);
  gd->store(rosemap);
  gd->store(airmap);
  gd->store(adj_memo);
  gd->store(pd_from);
  gd->store(pd_range);
  gd->store(pathqm);
  gd->store(gravity_state);
  gd->store(last_gravity_state);
  gd->store(shpos);
  gd->store(cshpos);
  gd->store(gp::do_adjm);
  }) +
addHook(hooks_removecells, 0, [] () {
  eliminate_if(crush_next, is_cell_removed);
  eliminate_if(crush_now, is_cell_removed);
  eliminate_if(buggycells, is_cell_removed);
  eliminate_if(butterflies, [] (pair<cell*,int>& p) { return is_cell_removed(p.first); });
  for(int i=0; i<SHSIZE; i++) for(int p=0; p<MAXPLAYER; p++)
    set_if_removed(shpos[i][p], NULL);
  vector<cell*> to_remove;
  for(auto p: rosemap) if(is_cell_removed(p.first)) to_remove.push_back(p.first);
  for(auto r: to_remove) rosemap.erase(r);
  });
}