diff --git a/attack.cpp b/attack.cpp
index 0b8bc352..fa1a2d03 100644
--- a/attack.cpp
+++ b/attack.cpp
@@ -1183,19 +1183,19 @@ EX void killThePlayerAt(eMonster m, cell *c, flagtype flags) {
   }
 
 #if HDR
-template<class T> void do_swords(cell *mf, cell *mt, eMonster who, const T& f) {
+template<class T> void do_swords(movei mi, eMonster who, const T& f) {
   for(int bb=0; bb<2; bb++) if(who == moPlayer && sword::orbcount(bb)) {
-    cell *sf = sword::pos(mf, sword::dir[multi::cpid], bb);
-    cell *st = sword::pos(mt, sword::shift(mf, mt, sword::dir[multi::cpid]), bb);
+    cell *sf = sword::pos(mi.s, sword::dir[multi::cpid], bb);
+    cell *st = sword::pos(mi.t, sword::shift(mi, sword::dir[multi::cpid]), bb);
     f(st, bb);
     if(sf != st && !isNeighbor(sf,st)) {
       // also attack the in-transit cell
       if(S3 == 3) {
-        forCellEx(sb, sf) if(isNeighbor(sb, st) && sb != mf && sb != mt) f(sb, bb);
+        forCellEx(sb, sf) if(isNeighbor(sb, st) && sb != mi.s && sb != mi.t) f(sb, bb);
         }
       else {
-        forCellEx(sb, mf) if(isNeighbor(sb, st) && sb != mt) f(sb, bb);
-        forCellEx(sb, mt) if(isNeighbor(sb, sf) && sb != mf) f(sb, bb);
+        forCellEx(sb, mi.s) if(isNeighbor(sb, st) && sb != mi.t) f(sb, bb);
+        forCellEx(sb, mi.t) if(isNeighbor(sb, sf) && sb != mi.s) f(sb, bb);
         }
       }
     }
@@ -1204,14 +1204,16 @@ template<class T> void do_swords(cell *mf, cell *mt, eMonster who, const T& f) {
 
 int lastdouble = -3;
 
-EX void stabbingAttack(cell *mf, cell *mt, eMonster who, int bonuskill IS(0)) {
+EX void stabbingAttack(movei mi, eMonster who, int bonuskill IS(0)) {
   int numsh = 0, numflail = 0, numlance = 0, numslash = 0, numbb[2];
   
   numbb[0] = numbb[1] = 0;
 
-  int backdir = neighborId(mt, mf);
+  cell *mf = mi.s;
+  cell *mt = mi.t;
+  int backdir = mi.rev_dir();
   
-  do_swords(mf, mt, who, [&] (cell *c, int bb) { if(swordAttack(mt, who, c, bb)) numbb[bb]++, numslash++; });
+  do_swords(mi, who, [&] (cell *c, int bb) { if(swordAttack(mt, who, c, bb)) numbb[bb]++, numslash++; });
   
   for(int bb=0; bb<2; bb++) achievement_count("SLASH", numbb[bb], 0);
 
diff --git a/checkmove.cpp b/checkmove.cpp
index 473b6188..51d41f47 100644
--- a/checkmove.cpp
+++ b/checkmove.cpp
@@ -39,28 +39,47 @@ EX bool hasSafeOrb(cell *c) {
   }
 
 #if HDR
-struct stalemate1 {
-  eMonster who;
-  cell *moveto;
-  cell *pushto;
-  cell *comefrom;
+struct player_move_info {
+  movei mi;
   cell *swordlast[2], *swordtransit[2], *swordnext[2];
-  stalemate1(eMonster w, cell *mt, cell *pt, cell *cf) : who(w), moveto(mt), pushto(pt), comefrom(cf) {}
+  player_move_info(movei mi);
   };
 #endif
 
+EX vector<player_move_info> pmi;
+EX vector<cell*> pushes;
+
+player_move_info::player_move_info(movei _mi) : mi(_mi) {
+  for(int b=0; b<2; b++) swordlast[b] = sword::pos(multi::cpid, b);
+
+  dynamicval<sword::sworddir> x7(sword::dir[multi::cpid], sword::shift(mi, sword::dir[multi::cpid]));
+  
+  for(int b=0; b<2; b++) {
+    swordnext[b] = sword::pos(multi::cpid, b);
+    swordtransit[b] = NULL;
+    if(swordnext[b] && swordnext[b] != swordlast[b] && !isNeighbor(swordlast[b], swordnext[b])) {
+      forCellEx(c2, swordnext[b])
+        if(c2 != mi.t && c2 != mi.s && isNeighbor(c2, S3==3 ? swordlast[b] : mi.t))
+          swordtransit[b] = c2;
+      if(S3 == 4)
+        forCellEx(c2, mi.s)
+          if(c2 != mi.s && isNeighbor(c2, swordlast[b]))
+            swordtransit[b] = c2;
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
 EX bool krakensafe(cell *c) {
   return items[itOrbFish] || items[itOrbAether] || 
     (c->item == itOrbFish && c->wall == waBoat) || 
     (c->item == itOrbAether && c->wall == waBoat);
   }
 
-EX bool monstersnear(stalemate1& sm) {
+EX bool monstersnear(cell *c, eMonster who) {
 
-  cell *c = sm.moveto;
   bool eaten = false;
 
-  if(hardcore && sm.who == moPlayer) return false;
+  if(hardcore && who == moPlayer) return false;
 
   int res = 0;
   bool fast = false;
@@ -76,9 +95,9 @@ EX bool monstersnear(stalemate1& sm) {
     who_kills_me = moCrusher; res++;
     }
 
-  if(sm.who == moPlayer || items[itOrbEmpathy]) {
+  if(who == moPlayer || items[itOrbEmpathy]) {
     fast = (items[itOrbSpeed] && (items[itOrbSpeed] & 1));
-    if(sm.who == moPlayer && sm.moveto->item == itOrbSpeed && !items[itOrbSpeed]) fast = true;
+    if(who == moPlayer && c->item == itOrbSpeed && !items[itOrbSpeed]) fast = true;
     }
   
   if(havewhat&HF_OUTLAW) {
@@ -103,7 +122,7 @@ EX bool monstersnear(stalemate1& sm) {
         if(!logical_adjacent(c3, c3->monst, c2) || !logical_adjacent(c2, c3->monst, c) || (c3->monst == moWitchSpeed && c2->land != laPower))
           continue;
       if(elec::affected(c3)) continue;
-      if(c3->stuntime > (sm.who == moPlayer ? 0 : 1)) continue;
+      if(c3->stuntime > (who == moPlayer ? 0 : 1)) continue;
       // speedwitches can only attack not-fastened monsters,
       // others can only attack if the move is not fastened
       if(c3->monst == moWitchSpeed && items[itOrbSpeed]) continue;
@@ -120,19 +139,19 @@ EX bool monstersnear(stalemate1& sm) {
 
     // consider normal monsters
     if(c2 && 
-      isArmedEnemy(c2, sm.who) && 
-      (c2->monst != moLancer || isUnarmed(sm.who) || !logical_adjacent(c, sm.who, c2))) {
+      isArmedEnemy(c2, who) && 
+      (c2->monst != moLancer || isUnarmed(who) || !logical_adjacent(c, who, c2))) {
       eMonster m = c2->monst;
       if(elec::affected(c2)) continue;
       if(fast && c2->monst != moWitchSpeed) continue;
       // Krakens just destroy boats
-      if(c2->monst == moKrakenT && onboat(sm)) {
+      if(c2->monst == moKrakenT && c->wall == waBoat) {
         if(krakensafe(c)) continue;
         else if(warningprotection(XLAT("This move appears dangerous -- are you sure?")) && res == 0) m = moWarning;
         else continue;
         }
       // they cannot attack through vines
-      if(!canAttack(c2, c2->monst, c, sm.who, AF_NEXTTURN)) continue;
+      if(!canAttack(c2, c2->monst, c, who, AF_NEXTTURN)) continue;
       if(c2->monst == moWorm || c2->monst == moTentacle || c2->monst == moHexSnake) {
         if(passable_for(c2->monst, c, c2, 0))
           eaten = true;
@@ -142,18 +161,16 @@ EX bool monstersnear(stalemate1& sm) {
       }
     }
 
-  if(sm.who == moPlayer && res && (markOrb2(itOrbShield) || markOrb2(itOrbShell)) && !eaten)
+  if(who == moPlayer && res && (markOrb2(itOrbShield) || markOrb2(itOrbShell)) && !eaten)
     res = 0;
 
-  if(sm.who == moPlayer && res && markOrb2(itOrbDomination) && c->monst)
+  if(who == moPlayer && res && markOrb2(itOrbDomination) && c->monst)
     res = 0;
 
   return !!res;
   }
 
-EX bool monstersnear2();
-
-EX bool monstersnear2() {
+EX bool monstersnear_aux() {
   changes.value_set(passive_switch, (gold() & 1) ? moSwitch1 : moSwitch2);
   multi::cpid++;
   bool b = false;
@@ -162,22 +179,33 @@ EX bool monstersnear2() {
   if(multi::cpid == multi::players || multi::players == 1 || multi::checkonly) {
 
     if(shmup::delayed_safety) return false;
-    dynamicval<eMonster> sw(passive_switch, passive_switch);
-
-    for(int i=0; i<isize(stalemate::moves); i++)
-    for(int j=0; j<isize(stalemate::moves); j++) if(i != j) {
-      if(swordConflict(stalemate::moves[i], stalemate::moves[j])) {
+    
+    for(int i=0; i<isize(pmi); i++)
+    for(int j=0; j<isize(pmi); j++) if(i != j) {
+      if(swordConflict(pmi[i], pmi[j])) {
           b = true;
           who_kills_me = moEnergySword;
           }
-      if(multi::player[i].at == multi::player[j].at) 
+      if(pmi[i].mi.t == pmi[j].mi.t) 
         { b = true; who_kills_me = moFireball; }
-      if(celldistance(multi::player[i].at, multi::player[j].at) > 8) 
+      if(celldistance(pmi[i].mi.t, pmi[j].mi.t) > 8) 
         { b = true; who_kills_me = moAirball; }
       }
 
-    for(int i=0; !b && i<isize(stalemate::moves); i++)
-      b = monstersnear(stalemate::moves[i]);
+    for(auto& pushto: pushes)
+    for(auto& mi: pmi)
+      if(pushto == mi.mi.t) {
+        b = true; who_kills_me = moTongue;
+        }
+        
+    for(int i=0; i<isize(pushes); i++)
+      for(int j=0; j<i; j++)
+        if(pushes[i] == pushes[j]) {
+          b = true; who_kills_me = moCrushball;
+          }
+          
+    for(int i=0; !b && i<isize(pmi); i++)
+      b = monstersnear(pmi[i].mi.t, moPlayer);
     }
   else b = !multimove();
   multi::cpid--;
@@ -185,94 +213,17 @@ EX bool monstersnear2() {
   return b;
   }
 
-EX bool monstersnear(cell *c, eMonster who, cell *pushto, cell *comefrom) {
-
-  if(peace::on) return 0; // you are safe
-
-  stalemate1 sm(who, c, pushto, comefrom);
-  
-  if(who == moPlayer) for(int b=0; b<2; b++) sm.swordlast[b] = sword::pos(multi::cpid, b);
-  
-  cell *none = NULL;
-  cell **wcw = &cwt.at;
-  if(who != moPlayer) wcw = &none;
-  else if(multi::players > 1) wcw = &multi::player[multi::cpid].at;
-  
-  dynamicval<cell*> x5(*wcw, c);
-  dynamicval<bool> x6(stalemate::nextturn, true);
-  dynamicval<sword::sworddir> x7(sword::dir[multi::cpid], 
-    who == moPlayer ? sword::shift(comefrom, c, sword::dir[multi::cpid]) :
-    sword::dir[multi::cpid]);
-  
-  for(int b=0; b<2; b++) {
-    if(who == moPlayer) {
-      sm.swordnext[b] = sword::pos(multi::cpid, b);
-      sm.swordtransit[b] = NULL;
-      if(sm.swordnext[b] && sm.swordnext[b] != sm.swordlast[b] && !isNeighbor(sm.swordlast[b], sm.swordnext[b])) {
-        forCellEx(c2, sm.swordnext[b])
-          if(c2 != c && c2 != comefrom && isNeighbor(c2, S3==3 ? sm.swordlast[b] : *wcw))
-            sm.swordtransit[b] = c2;
-        if(S3 == 4)
-          forCellEx(c2, c)
-            if(c2 != comefrom && isNeighbor(c2, sm.swordlast[b]))
-              sm.swordtransit[b] = c2;
-        }
-      }
-    else {
-      sm.swordnext[b] = sm.swordtransit[b] = NULL;
-      }
-    }
-
-  stalemate::moves.push_back(sm);
-  
-  // dynamicval<eMonster> x7(stalemate::who, who);
-  
-  bool b;
-  if(who == moPlayer && c->wall == waBigStatue) {
-    eWall w = comefrom->wall;
-    c->wall = waNone;
-    if(doesnotFall(comefrom)) comefrom->wall = waBigStatue;
-    b = monstersnear2();
-    comefrom->wall = w;
-    c->wall = waBigStatue;
-    }
-  else if(who == moPlayer && isPushable(c->wall)) {
-    eWall w = c->wall;
-    c->wall = waNone;
-    b = monstersnear2();
-    c->wall = w;
-    }
-  else {
-    b = monstersnear2();
-    }
-  stalemate::moves.pop_back();
+/** like monstersnear but add the potential moves of other players into account */
+EX bool monstersnear_add_pmi(player_move_info pmi0) {
+  pmi.push_back(pmi0);
+  bool b = monstersnear_aux();
+  pmi.pop_back();
   return b;
   }
 
-EX namespace stalemate {
-  EX vector<stalemate1> moves;
-  EX bool  nextturn;
-
-  EX bool isMoveto(cell *c) {
-    for(int i=0; i<isize(moves); i++) if(moves[i].moveto == c) return true;
-    return false;
-    }
-
-  EX bool isPushto(cell *c) {
-    for(int i=0; i<isize(moves); i++) if(moves[i].pushto == c) return true;
-    return false;
-    }
-  EX }
-
-EX bool onboat(stalemate1& sm) {
-  cell *c = sm.moveto;
-  cell *cf = sm.comefrom;
-  return (c->wall == waBoat) || (cf->wall == waBoat && c->wall == waSea);
-  }
-  
 EX bool multimove() {
   if(multi::cpid == 0) lastkills = tkills();
-  if(!multi::playerActive(multi::cpid)) return !monstersnear2();
+  if(!multi::playerActive(multi::cpid)) return !monstersnear_aux();
   cellwalker bcwt = cwt;
   cwt = multi::player[multi::cpid];
   bool b = movepcto(multi::whereto[multi::cpid]);
@@ -293,11 +244,11 @@ EX namespace multi {
   EX bool aftermove;
   EX }
 
-EX bool swordConflict(const stalemate1& sm1, const stalemate1& sm2) {
+EX bool swordConflict(const player_move_info& sm1, const player_move_info& sm2) {
   if(items[itOrbSword] || items[itOrbSword2])
   for(int b=0; b<2; b++)
-    if(sm1.comefrom == sm2.swordlast[b] || sm1.comefrom == sm2.swordtransit[b] || sm1.comefrom == sm2.swordnext[b])
-    if(sm1.moveto == sm2.swordlast[b] || sm1.moveto == sm2.swordtransit[b] || sm1.moveto == sm2.swordnext[b])
+    if(sm1.mi.s == sm2.swordlast[b] || sm1.mi.s == sm2.swordtransit[b] || sm1.mi.s == sm2.swordnext[b])
+    if(sm1.mi.t == sm2.swordlast[b] || sm1.mi.t == sm2.swordtransit[b] || sm1.mi.t == sm2.swordnext[b])
       return true;
   return false;
   }
diff --git a/complex.cpp b/complex.cpp
index e5b22f0d..8fae488e 100644
--- a/complex.cpp
+++ b/complex.cpp
@@ -2867,10 +2867,13 @@ EX namespace sword {
     }
 
   // from c1 to c2
-  EX sworddir shift(cell *c1, cell *c2, sworddir d) {
-    if(!c1 || !c2) return d;
-    int s1 = neighborId(c1, c2);
-    int s2 = neighborId(c2, c1);
+  EX sworddir shift(movei mi, sworddir d) {
+    cell *c1 = mi.s;
+    cell *c2 = mi.t;
+    if(!mi.proper()) return d;
+    int s1 = mi.d;
+    int s2 = mi.rev_dir();
+    neighborId(c2, c1);
     if(s1 < 0 || s2 < 0) return d;
     if(SWORDDIM == 2) {
       int sub = (hybri) ? 2 : 0;
diff --git a/game.cpp b/game.cpp
index 4fb9aaee..9dd82110 100644
--- a/game.cpp
+++ b/game.cpp
@@ -182,7 +182,7 @@ EX bool activateRecall() {
 
   killFriendlyIvy();
   movecost(cwt.at, recallCell.at, 3);
-  playerMoveEffects(cwt.at, recallCell.at);
+  playerMoveEffects(movei(cwt.at, recallCell.at, TELEPORT));
   mirror::destroyAll();
   
   sword::reset();
diff --git a/items.cpp b/items.cpp
index e59a0e46..3634c860 100644
--- a/items.cpp
+++ b/items.cpp
@@ -313,6 +313,8 @@ EX void dropGreenStone(cell *c) {
     return;
     }
   if(items[itGreenStone] && c->item == itNone) {
+    changes.ccell(c);
+    changes.value_keep(items[itGreenStone]);
     items[itGreenStone]--;
     if(false) {
       c->item = itNone;
diff --git a/locations.cpp b/locations.cpp
index 2dc5bd10..e52e3cb5 100644
--- a/locations.cpp
+++ b/locations.cpp
@@ -459,6 +459,7 @@ constexpr int FALL = 98;
 constexpr int NO_SPACE = 97;
 constexpr int TELEPORT = 96;
 constexpr int JUMP = 95;
+constexpr int STAY = 94;
 
 namespace whirlwind { cell *jumpDestination(cell*); }
 
diff --git a/monstermove.cpp b/monstermove.cpp
index 4a7564da..7925b570 100644
--- a/monstermove.cpp
+++ b/monstermove.cpp
@@ -108,6 +108,8 @@ EX void moveMonster(const movei& mi) {
   auto& cf = mi.s;
   auto& ct = mi.t;
   eMonster m = cf->monst;
+  changes.ccell(cf);
+  changes.ccell(ct);
   bool fri = isFriendly(cf);
   if(isDragon(m)) {
     printf("called for Dragon\n");
@@ -117,6 +119,7 @@ EX void moveMonster(const movei& mi) {
   // the following line is necessary because otherwise plates disappear only inside the sight range
   if(cellUnstable(cf) && !ignoresPlates(m)) {
     fallingFloorAnimation(cf);
+    changes.ccell(cf);
     cf->wall = waChasm;
     }
   moveEffect(mi, m);
@@ -124,6 +127,7 @@ EX void moveMonster(const movei& mi) {
     (m == moShark || m == moCShark || m == moGreaterShark))
       achievement_gain_once("MOATSHARK");
   if(m == moTentacleGhost) { 
+    changes.ccell(cf);
     cf->monst = moTentacletail;
     m = moGhost;
     }
@@ -156,10 +160,11 @@ EX void moveMonster(const movei& mi) {
       }
     }
   
-  if(fri || isBug(m) || items[itOrbDiscord]) stabbingAttack(cf, ct, m);
+  if(fri || isBug(m) || items[itOrbDiscord]) stabbingAttack(mi, m);
   
   if(mi.d == JUMP && m == moVaulter) {
     cell *cm = common_neighbor(cf, ct);
+    changes.ccell(cm);
     if(cm->wall == waShrub) cm->wall = waNone;
     if(cm->wall == waSmallTree) cm->wall = waNone;
     if(cm->wall == waBigTree) cm->wall = waSmallTree;
@@ -1518,7 +1523,10 @@ EX int stayvalue(eMonster m, cell *c) {
   }
 
 /** for an ally m at c, evaluate moving to c2 */
-EX int movevalue(eMonster m, cell *c, cell *c2, flagtype flags) {
+EX int movevalue(eMonster m, cell *c, int dir, flagtype flags) {
+
+  auto mi = movei(c, dir);
+  auto& c2 = mi.t;
   int val = 0;
   
   if(isPlayerOn(c2)) val = -3000;
@@ -1537,7 +1545,6 @@ EX int movevalue(eMonster m, cell *c, cell *c2, flagtype flags) {
     isInactiveEnemy(c2,m) ? 1000 :
     -500;
 
-  else if(monstersnear(c2, m, NULL, c)) val = 50; // linked with mouse suicide!
   else if(passable_for(m, c2, c, 0)) {
 #if CAP_COMPLEX2
     if(mine::marked_mine(c2) && !ignoresPlates(m))
@@ -1545,6 +1552,12 @@ EX int movevalue(eMonster m, cell *c, cell *c2, flagtype flags) {
     else
 #endif
       val = 4000;
+
+    changes.init(true);
+    moveMonster(mi);
+    bool b = monstersnear(mi.t, m);
+    changes.rollback();
+    if(b) val = 50;
     }
   else if(passable_for(m, c2, c, P_DEADLY)) val = -1100;
   else val = -1750;
@@ -1636,8 +1649,7 @@ EX void movegolems(flagtype flags) {
 
       DEBB(DF_TURN, ("moveval"));
       for(int k=0; k<c->type; k++) if(c->move(k)) {
-        cell *c2 = c->move(k);
-        int val = movevalue(m, c, c2, flags);
+        int val = movevalue(m, c, k, flags);
 
         if(val > bestv) bestv = val, bdirs.clear();
         if(val == bestv) bdirs.push_back(k);
@@ -1646,7 +1658,7 @@ EX void movegolems(flagtype flags) {
       if(m == moTameBomberbird) {
         cell *c2 = whirlwind::jumpDestination(c);
         if(c2 && !c2->monst) {
-          int val = movevalue(m, c, c2, flags);
+          int val = movevalue(m, c, STRONGWIND, flags);
           // printf("val = %d bestv = %d\n", 
           if(val > bestv) bestv = val, bdirs.clear();
           if(val == bestv) bdirs.push_back(STRONGWIND);
diff --git a/orbs.cpp b/orbs.cpp
index e0031ccf..f81d9a33 100644
--- a/orbs.cpp
+++ b/orbs.cpp
@@ -567,8 +567,8 @@ EX void teleportTo(cell *dest) {
     if(b) {
       killFriendlyIvy();
       drainOrb(itOrbTeleport);
-      movecost(cwt.at, dest, 3);
-      playerMoveEffects(cwt.at, dest);
+      movecost(cwt.at, dest, 3);      
+      playerMoveEffects(movei(cwt.at, dest, TELEPORT));
       afterplayermoved();
       bfs();
       }
@@ -580,7 +580,7 @@ EX void teleportTo(cell *dest) {
   killFriendlyIvy();
   cell *from = cwt.at;
   movecost(from, dest, 1);
-  playerMoveEffects(cwt.at, dest);
+  playerMoveEffects(movei(cwt.at, dest, TELEPORT));
   current_display->which_copy = unshift(ggmatrix(dest));
   cwt.at = dest; cwt.spin = hrand(dest->type); flipplayer = !!(hrand(2));
   drainOrb(itOrbTeleport);
@@ -638,8 +638,9 @@ EX bool jumpTo(orbAction a, cell *dest, eItem byWhat, int bonuskill IS(0), eMons
     }
 
   sword::reset();
-  stabbingAttack(c1, dest, moPlayer, bonuskill);
-  playerMoveEffects(c1, dest);
+  auto mi = movei(c1, dest, JUMP);
+  stabbingAttack(mi, moPlayer, bonuskill);
+  playerMoveEffects(mi);
 
   if(itemclass(byWhat) == IC_ORB)
     apply_impact(dest);
@@ -658,7 +659,7 @@ EX bool jumpTo(orbAction a, cell *dest, eItem byWhat, int bonuskill IS(0), eMons
 
   mirror::destroyAll();
   
-  if(monstersnearO(a, dest, moPlayer, NULL, c1)) {
+  if(monstersnearO(a, dest)) {
     changes.rollback();
     return false;
     }
@@ -939,7 +940,7 @@ bool gun_attack(orbAction a, cell *dest) {
   attackMonster(dest, AF_GUN, moNone);
   apply_impact(dest);
 
-  if(monstersnearO(a, cwt.at, moPlayer, NULL, cwt.at)) {
+  if(monstersnearO(a, cwt.at)) {
     changes.rollback();
     return false;
     } 
@@ -1068,13 +1069,13 @@ void useOrbOfDragon(cell *c) {
   checkmoveO();
   }
 
-EX bool monstersnearO(orbAction a, cell *c, eMonster who, cell *pushto, cell *comefrom) {
+EX bool monstersnearO(orbAction a, cell *c) {
   // printf("[a = %d] ", a);
   if(shmup::on) return false;
   if(a == roCheck && multi::players > 1) 
     return true;
   else if(a == roMultiCheck) return false;
-  else return monstersnear(c, who, pushto, comefrom);
+  else return monstersnear(c, moPlayer);
   }
 
 EX bool isCheck(orbAction a) { return a == roCheck || a == roMultiCheck; }
@@ -1241,12 +1242,12 @@ EX eItem targetRangedOrb(cell *c, orbAction a) {
 
         if(c->monst) {
           if(!canAttack(cf, moFriendlyIvy, c, c->monst, 0)) continue;
-          if(monstersnear(cwt.at, moPlayer, NULL, cwt.at)) continue;
+          if(monstersnear(cwt.at, moPlayer)) continue;
           }
         else {
           if(!passable(c, cf, P_ISPLAYER | P_MONSTER)) continue;
           if(strictlyAgainstGravity(c, cf, false, MF_IVY)) continue;
-          if(monstersnear(cwt.at, moPlayer, c, cwt.at)) continue;
+          if(monstersnear(cwt.at, moPlayer)) continue;
           }
         dirs.push_back(d);
         }
diff --git a/pcmove.cpp b/pcmove.cpp
index e6d30f6d..f237d137 100644
--- a/pcmove.cpp
+++ b/pcmove.cpp
@@ -357,8 +357,8 @@ bool pcmove::swing() {
   sideAttack(cwt.at, d, moPlayer, 0);
 
   mirror::act(origd, mirror::SPINMULTI | mirror::ATTACK);
-
-  if(monstersnear(cwt.at, moPlayer, nullptr, cwt.at)) {
+  
+  if(monstersnear_add_pmi(movei(cwt.at, STAY))) {
     if(vmsg())
       wouldkill("You would be killed by %the1!");          
     return false;
@@ -510,6 +510,11 @@ struct changes_t {
   void at_rollback(reaction_t act) {
     if(on) rollbacks.emplace_back(act);
     }
+
+  void push_push(cell *tgt) {
+    pushes.push_back(tgt);
+    rollbacks.push_back([] { pushes.pop_back(); });    
+    }  
   };
 #endif
 
@@ -601,7 +606,7 @@ bool pcmove::actual_move() {
     return false;
     }
   
-  if(items[itOrbDomination] > ORBBASE && isMountable(c2->monst) && !monstersnear2() && fmsMove) {
+  if(items[itOrbDomination] > ORBBASE && isMountable(c2->monst) && fmsMove) {
     if(checkonly) { nextmovetype = lmMove; return true; }
     if(!isMountable(cwt.at->monst)) dragon::target = NULL;
     movecost(cwt.at, c2, 3);
@@ -629,6 +634,7 @@ bool pcmove::actual_move() {
     addMessage(XLAT("You push %the1.", c2->wall));
     lastmovetype = lmPush; lastmove = cwt.at;
     pushThumper(mip);
+    changes.push_push(mip.t);
     return perform_actual_move();
     }
 
@@ -646,8 +652,6 @@ bool pcmove::actual_move() {
   
   if(!c2->monst && cwt.at->wall == waBoat && cwt.at->item != itOrbYendor && boatGoesThrough(c2) && markOrb(itOrbWater) && !nonAdjacentPlayer(c2, cwt.at) && fmsMove) {
 
-    if(havePushConflict(cwt.at, checkonly)) return false;
-
     if(c2->item && !cwt.at->item) moveItem(c2, cwt.at, false), boatmove = true;
     placeWater(c2, cwt.at);
     moveBoat(mi);
@@ -663,7 +667,6 @@ bool pcmove::actual_move() {
 bool pcmove::boat_move() {
 
   cell *& c2 = mi.t;
-  if(havePushConflict(cwt.at, checkonly)) return false;
 
   if(againstWind(c2, cwt.at)) {
     if(vmsg()) addMessage(XLAT(airdist(c2) < 3 ? "The Air Elemental blows you away!" : "You cannot go against the wind!"));
@@ -744,8 +747,6 @@ bool pcmove::after_escape() {
       return false;
       }
     
-    if(havePushConflict(cwt.at, checkonly)) return false;
-    
     changes.ccell(c2);
     changes.ccell(cwt.at);
     
@@ -849,7 +850,7 @@ bool pcmove::move_if_okay() {
 
   if(switchplace_prevent(cwt.at, c2, checkonly))
     return false;
-  if(!checkonly && warningprotection_hit(do_we_stab_a_friend(cwt.at, c2, moPlayer)))
+  if(!checkonly && warningprotection_hit(do_we_stab_a_friend(mi, moPlayer)))
     return false;
   
   nextmovetype = lmMove; 
@@ -899,7 +900,7 @@ bool pcmove::attack() {
   
   if(!ca) {
     if(forcedmovetype == fmAttack) {
-      if(monstersnear(cwt.at,moPlayer,NULL,cwt.at)) {
+      if(monstersnear_add_pmi(movei(cwt.at, STAY))) {
         if(vmsg()) wouldkill("%The1 would get you!");
         return false;
         }
@@ -922,10 +923,9 @@ bool pcmove::attack() {
     else
       mip.t = c2;
     if(mip.t) changes.ccell(mip.t);
+    changes.push_push(mip.t);
     }
   
-  if(havePushConflict(mip.t, checkonly)) return false;
-  
   if(!(isWatery(cwt.at) && c2->monst == moWaterElemental) && checkNeedMove(checkonly, true))
     return false;
   
@@ -982,7 +982,7 @@ bool pcmove::attack() {
   lastmovetype = lmAttack; lastmove = c2;
   swordAttackStatic();
 
-  if(monstersnear(cwt.at, moPlayer, nullptr, cwt.at)) {
+  if(monstersnear_add_pmi(movei(cwt.at, STAY))) {
     if(vmsg()) wouldkill("You would be killed by %the1!");
     return false;
     }
@@ -1090,18 +1090,18 @@ bool pcmove::perform_move_or_jump() {
   lastmovetype = lmMove; lastmove = cwt.at;
   apply_chaos();
 
-  stabbingAttack(cwt.at, mi.t, moPlayer);
-  cell *c1 = cwt.at;
+  stabbingAttack(mi, moPlayer);
   changes.value_keep(cwt);
   cwt += wstep;
   
   mirror::act(origd, mirror::SPINMULTI | mirror::ATTACK | mirror::GO);
-
-  playerMoveEffects(c1, mi.t);
+  
+  auto pmi = player_move_info(mi);
+  playerMoveEffects(mi);
 
   if(mi.t->monst == moFriendlyIvy) changes.ccell(mi.t), mi.t->monst = moNone;
   
-  if(monstersnear(cwt.at, moPlayer, nullptr, c1)) {
+  if(monstersnear_add_pmi(pmi)) {
     if(vmsg()) wouldkill("%The1 would kill you there!");
     return false;
     }
@@ -1135,19 +1135,21 @@ bool pcmove::stay() {
     return false;
   swordAttackStatic();
   nextmovetype = lmSkip;
-  if(monstersnear(cwt.at, moPlayer, nullptr, cwt.at)) {
+
+  mi = movei(cwt.at, STAY);
+  if(last_gravity_state && !gravity_state)
+    playerMoveEffects(mi);
+  if(d == -2) 
+    dropGreenStone(cwt.at);
+
+  if(monstersnear_add_pmi(mi)) {
     if(vmsg()) wouldkill("%The1 would get you!");
     return false;
     }
   if(checkonly) return true;
   if(changes.on) changes.commit();
-  if(d == -2) 
-    dropGreenStone(cwt.at);
   if(cellUnstable(cwt.at) && !markOrb(itOrbAether))
-    doesFallSound(cwt.at);
-  
-  if(last_gravity_state && !gravity_state)
-    playerMoveEffects(cwt.at, cwt.at);
+    doesFallSound(cwt.at);    
   
   return after_move();
   }
@@ -1246,12 +1248,14 @@ EX bool playerInPower() {
   return false;
   }
 
-EX void playerMoveEffects(cell *c1, cell *c2) {
+EX void playerMoveEffects(movei mi) {
+  cell *c1 = mi.s;
+  cell *c2 = mi.t;
 
   if(peace::on) items[itOrbSword] = c2->land == laBurial ? 100 : 0;
   
   changes.value_keep(sword::dir[multi::cpid]);
-  sword::dir[multi::cpid] = sword::shift(c1, c2, sword::dir[multi::cpid]);
+  sword::dir[multi::cpid] = sword::shift(mi, sword::dir[multi::cpid]);
   
   destroyWeakBranch(c1, c2, moPlayer);
 
@@ -1457,20 +1461,20 @@ EX void sideAttack(cell *mf, int dir, eMonster who, int bonuskill) {
     }
   }
 
-EX eMonster do_we_stab_a_friend(cell *mf, cell *mt, eMonster who) {
+EX eMonster do_we_stab_a_friend(movei mi, eMonster who) {
   eMonster m = moNone;
-  do_swords(mf, mt, who, [&] (cell *c, int bb) { 
-    if(!peace::on && canAttack(mt, who, c, c->monst, AF_SWORD) && c->monst && isFriendly(c)) m = c->monst;
+  do_swords(mi, who, [&] (cell *c, int bb) { 
+    if(!peace::on && canAttack(mi.t, who, c, c->monst, AF_SWORD) && c->monst && isFriendly(c)) m = c->monst;
     });
 
-  for(int t=0; t<mf->type; t++) {
-    cell *c = mf->move(t);
+  for(int t=0; t<mi.s->type; t++) {
+    cell *c = mi.s->move(t);
     if(!c) continue;
     
     bool stabthere = false;
-    if(logical_adjacent(mt, who, c)) stabthere = true;
+    if(logical_adjacent(mi.t, who, c)) stabthere = true;
     
-    if(stabthere && canAttack(mt,who,c,c->monst,AF_STAB) && isFriendly(c)) 
+    if(stabthere && canAttack(mi.t,who,c,c->monst,AF_STAB) && isFriendly(c)) 
       return c->monst;
     }
   
@@ -1484,27 +1488,14 @@ EX void wouldkill(const char *msg) {
     addMessage(XLAT("Cannot move into the current location of another player!"));
   else if(who_kills_me == moAirball) 
     addMessage(XLAT("Players cannot get that far away!"));
+  else if(who_kills_me == moTongue) 
+    addMessage(XLAT("Cannot push into another player!"));
+  else if(who_kills_me == moCrushball) 
+    addMessage(XLAT("Cannot push into the same location!"));
   else
     addMessage(XLAT(msg, who_kills_me));
   }
 
-EX bool havePushConflict(cell *pushto, bool checkonly) {
-  if(pushto && multi::activePlayers() > 1) {
-    for(int i=0; i<multi::players; i++)  if(i != multi::cpid && multi::playerActive(i))
-      if(multi::origpos[i] == pushto || multi::origtarget[i] == pushto) {
-        addMessage(XLAT("Cannot push into another player!"));
-        return true;
-        }
-    for(int i=0; i<isize(stalemate::moves); i++)  {
-      if(pushto == stalemate::moves[i].pushto) {
-        addMessage(XLAT("Cannot push into the same location!"));
-        return true;
-        }
-      }
-    }
-  return false;
-  }
-
 EX void movecost(cell* from, cell *to, int phase) {
   if(from->land == laPower && to->land != laPower && (phase & 1)) {
     int n=0;