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490 lines
16 KiB
Python
490 lines
16 KiB
Python
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
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"""
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babel.numbers
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~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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CLDR Plural support. See UTS #35.
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:copyright: (c) 2013 by the Babel Team.
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:license: BSD, see LICENSE for more details.
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"""
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import re
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_plural_tags = ('zero', 'one', 'two', 'few', 'many', 'other')
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_fallback_tag = 'other'
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class PluralRule(object):
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"""Represents a set of language pluralization rules. The constructor
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accepts a list of (tag, expr) tuples or a dict of CLDR rules. The
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resulting object is callable and accepts one parameter with a positive or
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negative number (both integer and float) for the number that indicates the
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plural form for a string and returns the tag for the format:
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>>> rule = PluralRule({'one': 'n is 1'})
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>>> rule(1)
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'one'
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>>> rule(2)
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'other'
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Currently the CLDR defines these tags: zero, one, two, few, many and
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other where other is an implicit default. Rules should be mutually
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exclusive; for a given numeric value, only one rule should apply (i.e.
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the condition should only be true for one of the plural rule elements.
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"""
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__slots__ = ('abstract', '_func')
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def __init__(self, rules):
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"""Initialize the rule instance.
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:param rules: a list of ``(tag, expr)``) tuples with the rules
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conforming to UTS #35 or a dict with the tags as keys
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and expressions as values.
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:raise RuleError: if the expression is malformed
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"""
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if isinstance(rules, dict):
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rules = rules.items()
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found = set()
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self.abstract = []
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for key, expr in sorted(list(rules)):
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if key not in _plural_tags:
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raise ValueError('unknown tag %r' % key)
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elif key in found:
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raise ValueError('tag %r defined twice' % key)
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found.add(key)
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self.abstract.append((key, _Parser(expr).ast))
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def __repr__(self):
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rules = self.rules
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return '<%s %r>' % (
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type(self).__name__,
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', '.join(['%s: %s' % (tag, rules[tag]) for tag in _plural_tags
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if tag in rules])
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)
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@classmethod
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def parse(cls, rules):
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"""Create a `PluralRule` instance for the given rules. If the rules
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are a `PluralRule` object, that object is returned.
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:param rules: the rules as list or dict, or a `PluralRule` object
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:raise RuleError: if the expression is malformed
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"""
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if isinstance(rules, cls):
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return rules
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return cls(rules)
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@property
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def rules(self):
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"""The `PluralRule` as a dict of unicode plural rules.
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>>> rule = PluralRule({'one': 'n is 1'})
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>>> rule.rules
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{'one': 'n is 1'}
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"""
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_compile = _UnicodeCompiler().compile
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return dict([(tag, _compile(ast)) for tag, ast in self.abstract])
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tags = property(lambda x: frozenset([i[0] for i in x.abstract]), doc="""
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A set of explicitly defined tags in this rule. The implicit default
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``'other'`` rules is not part of this set unless there is an explicit
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rule for it.""")
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def __getstate__(self):
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return self.abstract
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def __setstate__(self, abstract):
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self.abstract = abstract
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def __call__(self, n):
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if not hasattr(self, '_func'):
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self._func = to_python(self)
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return self._func(n)
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def to_javascript(rule):
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"""Convert a list/dict of rules or a `PluralRule` object into a JavaScript
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function. This function depends on no external library:
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>>> to_javascript({'one': 'n is 1'})
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"(function(n) { return (n == 1) ? 'one' : 'other'; })"
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Implementation detail: The function generated will probably evaluate
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expressions involved into range operations multiple times. This has the
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advantage that external helper functions are not required and is not a
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big performance hit for these simple calculations.
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:param rule: the rules as list or dict, or a `PluralRule` object
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:raise RuleError: if the expression is malformed
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"""
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to_js = _JavaScriptCompiler().compile
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result = ['(function(n) { return ']
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for tag, ast in PluralRule.parse(rule).abstract:
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result.append('%s ? %r : ' % (to_js(ast), tag))
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result.append('%r; })' % _fallback_tag)
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return ''.join(result)
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def to_python(rule):
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"""Convert a list/dict of rules or a `PluralRule` object into a regular
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Python function. This is useful in situations where you need a real
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function and don't are about the actual rule object:
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>>> func = to_python({'one': 'n is 1', 'few': 'n in 2..4'})
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>>> func(1)
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'one'
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>>> func(3)
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'few'
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>>> func = to_python({'one': 'n in 1,11', 'few': 'n in 3..10,13..19'})
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>>> func(11)
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'one'
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>>> func(15)
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'few'
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:param rule: the rules as list or dict, or a `PluralRule` object
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:raise RuleError: if the expression is malformed
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"""
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namespace = {
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'IN': in_range_list,
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'WITHIN': within_range_list,
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'MOD': cldr_modulo
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}
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to_python = _PythonCompiler().compile
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result = ['def evaluate(n):']
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for tag, ast in PluralRule.parse(rule).abstract:
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# the str() call is to coerce the tag to the native string. It's
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# a limited ascii restricted set of tags anyways so that is fine.
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result.append(' if (%s): return %r' % (to_python(ast), str(tag)))
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result.append(' return %r' % _fallback_tag)
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code = compile('\n'.join(result), '<rule>', 'exec')
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eval(code, namespace)
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return namespace['evaluate']
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def to_gettext(rule):
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"""The plural rule as gettext expression. The gettext expression is
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technically limited to integers and returns indices rather than tags.
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>>> to_gettext({'one': 'n is 1', 'two': 'n is 2'})
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'nplurals=3; plural=((n == 1) ? 0 : (n == 2) ? 1 : 2)'
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:param rule: the rules as list or dict, or a `PluralRule` object
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:raise RuleError: if the expression is malformed
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"""
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rule = PluralRule.parse(rule)
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used_tags = rule.tags | set([_fallback_tag])
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_compile = _GettextCompiler().compile
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_get_index = [tag for tag in _plural_tags if tag in used_tags].index
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result = ['nplurals=%d; plural=(' % len(used_tags)]
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for tag, ast in rule.abstract:
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result.append('%s ? %d : ' % (_compile(ast), _get_index(tag)))
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result.append('%d)' % _get_index(_fallback_tag))
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return ''.join(result)
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def in_range_list(num, range_list):
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"""Integer range list test. This is the callback for the "in" operator
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of the UTS #35 pluralization rule language:
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>>> in_range_list(1, [(1, 3)])
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True
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>>> in_range_list(3, [(1, 3)])
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True
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>>> in_range_list(3, [(1, 3), (5, 8)])
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True
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>>> in_range_list(1.2, [(1, 4)])
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False
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>>> in_range_list(10, [(1, 4)])
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False
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>>> in_range_list(10, [(1, 4), (6, 8)])
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False
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"""
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return num == int(num) and within_range_list(num, range_list)
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def within_range_list(num, range_list):
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"""Float range test. This is the callback for the "within" operator
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of the UTS #35 pluralization rule language:
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>>> within_range_list(1, [(1, 3)])
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True
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>>> within_range_list(1.0, [(1, 3)])
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True
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>>> within_range_list(1.2, [(1, 4)])
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True
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>>> within_range_list(8.8, [(1, 4), (7, 15)])
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True
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>>> within_range_list(10, [(1, 4)])
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False
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>>> within_range_list(10.5, [(1, 4), (20, 30)])
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False
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"""
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return any(num >= min_ and num <= max_ for min_, max_ in range_list)
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def cldr_modulo(a, b):
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"""Javaish modulo. This modulo operator returns the value with the sign
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of the dividend rather than the divisor like Python does:
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>>> cldr_modulo(-3, 5)
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-3
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>>> cldr_modulo(-3, -5)
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-3
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>>> cldr_modulo(3, 5)
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3
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"""
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reverse = 0
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if a < 0:
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a *= -1
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reverse = 1
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if b < 0:
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b *= -1
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rv = a % b
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if reverse:
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rv *= -1
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return rv
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class RuleError(Exception):
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"""Raised if a rule is malformed."""
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class _Parser(object):
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"""Internal parser. This class can translate a single rule into an abstract
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tree of tuples. It implements the following grammar::
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condition = and_condition ('or' and_condition)*
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and_condition = relation ('and' relation)*
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relation = is_relation | in_relation | within_relation | 'n' <EOL>
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is_relation = expr 'is' ('not')? value
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in_relation = expr ('not')? 'in' range_list
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within_relation = expr ('not')? 'within' range_list
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expr = 'n' ('mod' value)?
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range_list = (range | value) (',' range_list)*
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value = digit+
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digit = 0|1|2|3|4|5|6|7|8|9
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range = value'..'value
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- Whitespace can occur between or around any of the above tokens.
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- Rules should be mutually exclusive; for a given numeric value, only one
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rule should apply (i.e. the condition should only be true for one of
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the plural rule elements).
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- The in and within relations can take comma-separated lists, such as:
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'n in 3,5,7..15'.
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The translator parses the expression on instanciation into an attribute
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called `ast`.
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"""
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_rules = [
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(None, re.compile(r'\s+(?u)')),
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('word', re.compile(r'\b(and|or|is|(?:with)?in|not|mod|n)\b')),
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('value', re.compile(r'\d+')),
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('comma', re.compile(r',')),
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('ellipsis', re.compile(r'\.\.'))
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]
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def __init__(self, string):
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string = string.lower()
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result = []
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pos = 0
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end = len(string)
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while pos < end:
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for tok, rule in self._rules:
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match = rule.match(string, pos)
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if match is not None:
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pos = match.end()
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if tok:
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result.append((tok, match.group()))
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break
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else:
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raise RuleError('malformed CLDR pluralization rule. '
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'Got unexpected %r' % string[pos])
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self.tokens = result[::-1]
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self.ast = self.condition()
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if self.tokens:
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raise RuleError('Expected end of rule, got %r' %
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self.tokens[-1][1])
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def test(self, type, value=None):
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return self.tokens and self.tokens[-1][0] == type and \
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(value is None or self.tokens[-1][1] == value)
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def skip(self, type, value=None):
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if self.test(type, value):
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return self.tokens.pop()
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def expect(self, type, value=None, term=None):
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token = self.skip(type, value)
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if token is not None:
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return token
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if term is None:
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term = repr(value is None and type or value)
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if not self.tokens:
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raise RuleError('expected %s but end of rule reached' % term)
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raise RuleError('expected %s but got %r' % (term, self.tokens[-1][1]))
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def condition(self):
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op = self.and_condition()
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while self.skip('word', 'or'):
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op = 'or', (op, self.and_condition())
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return op
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def and_condition(self):
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op = self.relation()
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while self.skip('word', 'and'):
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op = 'and', (op, self.relation())
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return op
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def relation(self):
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left = self.expr()
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if self.skip('word', 'is'):
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return self.skip('word', 'not') and 'isnot' or 'is', \
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(left, self.value())
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negated = self.skip('word', 'not')
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method = 'in'
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if self.skip('word', 'within'):
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method = 'within'
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else:
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self.expect('word', 'in', term="'within' or 'in'")
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rv = 'relation', (method, left, self.range_list())
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if negated:
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rv = 'not', (rv,)
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return rv
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def range_or_value(self):
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left = self.value()
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if self.skip('ellipsis'):
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return((left, self.value()))
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else:
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return((left, left))
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def range_list(self):
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range_list = [self.range_or_value()]
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while self.skip('comma'):
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range_list.append(self.range_or_value())
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return 'range_list', range_list
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def expr(self):
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self.expect('word', 'n')
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if self.skip('word', 'mod'):
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return 'mod', (('n', ()), self.value())
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return 'n', ()
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def value(self):
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return 'value', (int(self.expect('value')[1]),)
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def _binary_compiler(tmpl):
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"""Compiler factory for the `_Compiler`."""
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return lambda self, l, r: tmpl % (self.compile(l), self.compile(r))
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def _unary_compiler(tmpl):
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"""Compiler factory for the `_Compiler`."""
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return lambda self, x: tmpl % self.compile(x)
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class _Compiler(object):
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"""The compilers are able to transform the expressions into multiple
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output formats.
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"""
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def compile(self, arg):
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op, args = arg
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return getattr(self, 'compile_' + op)(*args)
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compile_n = lambda x: 'n'
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compile_value = lambda x, v: str(v)
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compile_and = _binary_compiler('(%s && %s)')
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compile_or = _binary_compiler('(%s || %s)')
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compile_not = _unary_compiler('(!%s)')
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compile_mod = _binary_compiler('(%s %% %s)')
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compile_is = _binary_compiler('(%s == %s)')
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compile_isnot = _binary_compiler('(%s != %s)')
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def compile_relation(self, method, expr, range_list):
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raise NotImplementedError()
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class _PythonCompiler(_Compiler):
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"""Compiles an expression to Python."""
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compile_and = _binary_compiler('(%s and %s)')
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compile_or = _binary_compiler('(%s or %s)')
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compile_not = _unary_compiler('(not %s)')
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compile_mod = _binary_compiler('MOD(%s, %s)')
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def compile_relation(self, method, expr, range_list):
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compile_range_list = '[%s]' % ','.join(
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['(%s, %s)' % tuple(map(self.compile, range_))
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for range_ in range_list[1]])
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return '%s(%s, %s)' % (method.upper(), self.compile(expr),
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compile_range_list)
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class _GettextCompiler(_Compiler):
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"""Compile into a gettext plural expression."""
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def compile_relation(self, method, expr, range_list):
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rv = []
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expr = self.compile(expr)
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for item in range_list[1]:
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if item[0] == item[1]:
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rv.append('(%s == %s)' % (
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expr,
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self.compile(item[0])
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))
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else:
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min, max = map(self.compile, item)
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rv.append('(%s >= %s && %s <= %s)' % (
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expr,
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min,
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expr,
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max
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))
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return '(%s)' % ' || '.join(rv)
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class _JavaScriptCompiler(_GettextCompiler):
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"""Compiles the expression to plain of JavaScript."""
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def compile_relation(self, method, expr, range_list):
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code = _GettextCompiler.compile_relation(
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self, method, expr, range_list)
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if method == 'in':
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expr = self.compile(expr)
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code = '(parseInt(%s) == %s && %s)' % (expr, expr, code)
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return code
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class _UnicodeCompiler(_Compiler):
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"""Returns a unicode pluralization rule again."""
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compile_is = _binary_compiler('%s is %s')
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compile_isnot = _binary_compiler('%s is not %s')
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compile_and = _binary_compiler('%s and %s')
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compile_or = _binary_compiler('%s or %s')
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compile_mod = _binary_compiler('%s mod %s')
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def compile_not(self, relation):
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return self.compile_relation(negated=True, *relation[1])
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def compile_relation(self, method, expr, range_list, negated=False):
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ranges = []
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for item in range_list[1]:
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if item[0] == item[1]:
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ranges.append(self.compile(item[0]))
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else:
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ranges.append('%s..%s' % tuple(map(self.compile, item)))
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return '%s%s %s %s' % (
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self.compile(expr), negated and ' not' or '',
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method, ','.join(ranges)
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)
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