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calibre-web/vendor/PyPDF2/pdf.py
Cervinko Cera 829e926770 Add PyPDF2 to vendor
2016-08-07 22:12:32 +02:00

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# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
#
# vim: sw=4:expandtab:foldmethod=marker
#
# Copyright (c) 2006, Mathieu Fenniak
# Copyright (c) 2007, Ashish Kulkarni <kulkarni.ashish@gmail.com>
#
# All rights reserved.
#
# Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
# modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
# met:
#
# * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice,
# this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
# * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice,
# this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation
# and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
# * The name of the author may not be used to endorse or promote products
# derived from this software without specific prior written permission.
#
# THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS"
# AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
# IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
# ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE
# LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR
# CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF
# SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS
# INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN
# CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE)
# ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
# POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
"""
A pure-Python PDF library with an increasing number of capabilities.
See README for links to FAQ, documentation, homepage, etc.
"""
__author__ = "Mathieu Fenniak"
__author_email__ = "biziqe@mathieu.fenniak.net"
__maintainer__ = "Phaseit, Inc."
__maintainer_email = "PyPDF2@phaseit.net"
import string
import math
import struct
import sys
import uuid
from sys import version_info
if version_info < ( 3, 0 ):
from cStringIO import StringIO
else:
from io import StringIO
if version_info < ( 3, 0 ):
BytesIO = StringIO
else:
from io import BytesIO
from . import filters
from . import utils
import warnings
import codecs
from .generic import *
from .utils import readNonWhitespace, readUntilWhitespace, ConvertFunctionsToVirtualList
from .utils import isString, b_, u_, ord_, chr_, str_, formatWarning
if version_info < ( 2, 4 ):
from sets import ImmutableSet as frozenset
if version_info < ( 2, 5 ):
from md5 import md5
else:
from hashlib import md5
import uuid
class PdfFileWriter(object):
"""
This class supports writing PDF files out, given pages produced by another
class (typically :class:`PdfFileReader<PdfFileReader>`).
"""
def __init__(self):
self._header = b_("%PDF-1.3")
self._objects = [] # array of indirect objects
# The root of our page tree node.
pages = DictionaryObject()
pages.update({
NameObject("/Type"): NameObject("/Pages"),
NameObject("/Count"): NumberObject(0),
NameObject("/Kids"): ArrayObject(),
})
self._pages = self._addObject(pages)
# info object
info = DictionaryObject()
info.update({
NameObject("/Producer"): createStringObject(codecs.BOM_UTF16_BE + u_("PyPDF2").encode('utf-16be'))
})
self._info = self._addObject(info)
# root object
root = DictionaryObject()
root.update({
NameObject("/Type"): NameObject("/Catalog"),
NameObject("/Pages"): self._pages,
})
self._root = None
self._root_object = root
def _addObject(self, obj):
self._objects.append(obj)
return IndirectObject(len(self._objects), 0, self)
def getObject(self, ido):
if ido.pdf != self:
raise ValueError("pdf must be self")
return self._objects[ido.idnum - 1]
def _addPage(self, page, action):
assert page["/Type"] == "/Page"
page[NameObject("/Parent")] = self._pages
page = self._addObject(page)
pages = self.getObject(self._pages)
action(pages["/Kids"], page)
pages[NameObject("/Count")] = NumberObject(pages["/Count"] + 1)
def addPage(self, page):
"""
Adds a page to this PDF file. The page is usually acquired from a
:class:`PdfFileReader<PdfFileReader>` instance.
:param PageObject page: The page to add to the document. Should be
an instance of :class:`PageObject<PyPDF2.pdf.PageObject>`
"""
self._addPage(page, list.append)
def insertPage(self, page, index=0):
"""
Insert a page in this PDF file. The page is usually acquired from a
:class:`PdfFileReader<PdfFileReader>` instance.
:param PageObject page: The page to add to the document. This
argument should be an instance of :class:`PageObject<pdf.PageObject>`.
:param int index: Position at which the page will be inserted.
"""
self._addPage(page, lambda l, p: l.insert(index, p))
def getPage(self, pageNumber):
"""
Retrieves a page by number from this PDF file.
:param int pageNumber: The page number to retrieve
(pages begin at zero)
:return: the page at the index given by *pageNumber*
:rtype: :class:`PageObject<pdf.PageObject>`
"""
pages = self.getObject(self._pages)
# XXX: crude hack
return pages["/Kids"][pageNumber].getObject()
def getNumPages(self):
"""
:return: the number of pages.
:rtype: int
"""
pages = self.getObject(self._pages)
return int(pages[NameObject("/Count")])
def addBlankPage(self, width=None, height=None):
"""
Appends a blank page to this PDF file and returns it. If no page size
is specified, use the size of the last page.
:param float width: The width of the new page expressed in default user
space units.
:param float height: The height of the new page expressed in default
user space units.
:return: the newly appended page
:rtype: :class:`PageObject<PyPDF2.pdf.PageObject>`
:raises PageSizeNotDefinedError: if width and height are not defined
and previous page does not exist.
"""
page = PageObject.createBlankPage(self, width, height)
self.addPage(page)
return page
def insertBlankPage(self, width=None, height=None, index=0):
"""
Inserts a blank page to this PDF file and returns it. If no page size
is specified, use the size of the last page.
:param float width: The width of the new page expressed in default user
space units.
:param float height: The height of the new page expressed in default
user space units.
:param int index: Position to add the page.
:return: the newly appended page
:rtype: :class:`PageObject<PyPDF2.pdf.PageObject>`
:raises PageSizeNotDefinedError: if width and height are not defined
and previous page does not exist.
"""
if width is None or height is None and \
(self.getNumPages() - 1) >= index:
oldpage = self.getPage(index)
width = oldpage.mediaBox.getWidth()
height = oldpage.mediaBox.getHeight()
page = PageObject.createBlankPage(self, width, height)
self.insertPage(page, index)
return page
def addJS(self, javascript):
"""
Add Javascript which will launch upon opening this PDF.
:param str javascript: Your Javascript.
>>> output.addJS("this.print({bUI:true,bSilent:false,bShrinkToFit:true});")
# Example: This will launch the print window when the PDF is opened.
"""
js = DictionaryObject()
js.update({
NameObject("/Type"): NameObject("/Action"),
NameObject("/S"): NameObject("/JavaScript"),
NameObject("/JS"): NameObject("(%s)" % javascript)
})
js_indirect_object = self._addObject(js)
# We need a name for parameterized javascript in the pdf file, but it can be anything.
js_string_name = str(uuid.uuid4())
js_name_tree = DictionaryObject()
js_name_tree.update({
NameObject("/JavaScript"): DictionaryObject({
NameObject("/Names"): ArrayObject([createStringObject(js_string_name), js_indirect_object])
})
})
self._addObject(js_name_tree)
self._root_object.update({
NameObject("/OpenAction"): js_indirect_object,
NameObject("/Names"): js_name_tree
})
def addAttachment(self, fname, fdata):
"""
Embed a file inside the PDF.
:param str fname: The filename to display.
:param str fdata: The data in the file.
Reference:
https://www.adobe.com/content/dam/Adobe/en/devnet/acrobat/pdfs/PDF32000_2008.pdf
Section 7.11.3
"""
# We need 3 entries:
# * The file's data
# * The /Filespec entry
# * The file's name, which goes in the Catalog
# The entry for the file
""" Sample:
8 0 obj
<<
/Length 12
/Type /EmbeddedFile
>>
stream
Hello world!
endstream
endobj
"""
file_entry = DecodedStreamObject()
file_entry.setData(fdata)
file_entry.update({
NameObject("/Type"): NameObject("/EmbeddedFile")
})
# The Filespec entry
""" Sample:
7 0 obj
<<
/Type /Filespec
/F (hello.txt)
/EF << /F 8 0 R >>
>>
"""
efEntry = DictionaryObject()
efEntry.update({ NameObject("/F"):file_entry })
filespec = DictionaryObject()
filespec.update({
NameObject("/Type"): NameObject("/Filespec"),
NameObject("/F"): createStringObject(fname), # Perhaps also try TextStringObject
NameObject("/EF"): efEntry
})
# Then create the entry for the root, as it needs a reference to the Filespec
""" Sample:
1 0 obj
<<
/Type /Catalog
/Outlines 2 0 R
/Pages 3 0 R
/Names << /EmbeddedFiles << /Names [(hello.txt) 7 0 R] >> >>
>>
endobj
"""
embeddedFilesNamesDictionary = DictionaryObject()
embeddedFilesNamesDictionary.update({
NameObject("/Names"): ArrayObject([createStringObject(fname), filespec])
})
embeddedFilesDictionary = DictionaryObject()
embeddedFilesDictionary.update({
NameObject("/EmbeddedFiles"): embeddedFilesNamesDictionary
})
# Update the root
self._root_object.update({
NameObject("/Names"): embeddedFilesDictionary
})
def appendPagesFromReader(self, reader, after_page_append=None):
"""
Copy pages from reader to writer. Includes an optional callback parameter
which is invoked after pages are appended to the writer.
:param reader: a PdfFileReader object from which to copy page
annotations to this writer object. The writer's annots
will then be updated
:callback after_page_append (function): Callback function that is invoked after
each page is appended to the writer. Callback signature:
:param writer_pageref (PDF page reference): Reference to the page
appended to the writer.
"""
# Get page count from writer and reader
reader_num_pages = reader.getNumPages()
writer_num_pages = self.getNumPages()
# Copy pages from reader to writer
for rpagenum in range(0, reader_num_pages):
reader_page = reader.getPage(rpagenum)
self.addPage(reader_page)
writer_page = self.getPage(writer_num_pages+rpagenum)
# Trigger callback, pass writer page as parameter
if callable(after_page_append): after_page_append(writer_page)
def updatePageFormFieldValues(self, page, fields):
'''
Update the form field values for a given page from a fields dictionary.
Copy field texts and values from fields to page.
:param page: Page reference from PDF writer where the annotations
and field data will be updated.
:param fields: a Python dictionary of field names (/T) and text
values (/V)
'''
# Iterate through pages, update field values
for j in range(0, len(page['/Annots'])):
writer_annot = page['/Annots'][j].getObject()
for field in fields:
if writer_annot.get('/T') == field:
writer_annot.update({
NameObject("/V"): TextStringObject(fields[field])
})
def cloneReaderDocumentRoot(self, reader):
'''
Copy the reader document root to the writer.
:param reader: PdfFileReader from the document root should be copied.
:callback after_page_append
'''
self._root_object = reader.trailer['/Root']
def cloneDocumentFromReader(self, reader, after_page_append=None):
'''
Create a copy (clone) of a document from a PDF file reader
:param reader: PDF file reader instance from which the clone
should be created.
:callback after_page_append (function): Callback function that is invoked after
each page is appended to the writer. Signature includes a reference to the
appended page (delegates to appendPagesFromReader). Callback signature:
:param writer_pageref (PDF page reference): Reference to the page just
appended to the document.
'''
self.cloneReaderDocumentRoot(reader)
self.appendPagesFromReader(reader, after_page_append)
def encrypt(self, user_pwd, owner_pwd = None, use_128bit = True):
"""
Encrypt this PDF file with the PDF Standard encryption handler.
:param str user_pwd: The "user password", which allows for opening
and reading the PDF file with the restrictions provided.
:param str owner_pwd: The "owner password", which allows for
opening the PDF files without any restrictions. By default,
the owner password is the same as the user password.
:param bool use_128bit: flag as to whether to use 128bit
encryption. When false, 40bit encryption will be used. By default,
this flag is on.
"""
import time, random
if owner_pwd == None:
owner_pwd = user_pwd
if use_128bit:
V = 2
rev = 3
keylen = int(128 / 8)
else:
V = 1
rev = 2
keylen = int(40 / 8)
# permit everything:
P = -1
O = ByteStringObject(_alg33(owner_pwd, user_pwd, rev, keylen))
ID_1 = ByteStringObject(md5(b_(repr(time.time()))).digest())
ID_2 = ByteStringObject(md5(b_(repr(random.random()))).digest())
self._ID = ArrayObject((ID_1, ID_2))
if rev == 2:
U, key = _alg34(user_pwd, O, P, ID_1)
else:
assert rev == 3
U, key = _alg35(user_pwd, rev, keylen, O, P, ID_1, False)
encrypt = DictionaryObject()
encrypt[NameObject("/Filter")] = NameObject("/Standard")
encrypt[NameObject("/V")] = NumberObject(V)
if V == 2:
encrypt[NameObject("/Length")] = NumberObject(keylen * 8)
encrypt[NameObject("/R")] = NumberObject(rev)
encrypt[NameObject("/O")] = ByteStringObject(O)
encrypt[NameObject("/U")] = ByteStringObject(U)
encrypt[NameObject("/P")] = NumberObject(P)
self._encrypt = self._addObject(encrypt)
self._encrypt_key = key
def write(self, stream):
"""
Writes the collection of pages added to this object out as a PDF file.
:param stream: An object to write the file to. The object must support
the write method and the tell method, similar to a file object.
"""
if hasattr(stream, 'mode') and 'b' not in stream.mode:
warnings.warn("File <%s> to write to is not in binary mode. It may not be written to correctly." % stream.name)
debug = False
import struct
if not self._root:
self._root = self._addObject(self._root_object)
externalReferenceMap = {}
# PDF objects sometimes have circular references to their /Page objects
# inside their object tree (for example, annotations). Those will be
# indirect references to objects that we've recreated in this PDF. To
# address this problem, PageObject's store their original object
# reference number, and we add it to the external reference map before
# we sweep for indirect references. This forces self-page-referencing
# trees to reference the correct new object location, rather than
# copying in a new copy of the page object.
for objIndex in range(len(self._objects)):
obj = self._objects[objIndex]
if isinstance(obj, PageObject) and obj.indirectRef != None:
data = obj.indirectRef
if data.pdf not in externalReferenceMap:
externalReferenceMap[data.pdf] = {}
if data.generation not in externalReferenceMap[data.pdf]:
externalReferenceMap[data.pdf][data.generation] = {}
externalReferenceMap[data.pdf][data.generation][data.idnum] = IndirectObject(objIndex + 1, 0, self)
self.stack = []
if debug: print(("ERM:", externalReferenceMap, "root:", self._root))
self._sweepIndirectReferences(externalReferenceMap, self._root)
del self.stack
# Begin writing:
object_positions = []
stream.write(self._header + b_("\n"))
for i in range(len(self._objects)):
idnum = (i + 1)
obj = self._objects[i]
object_positions.append(stream.tell())
stream.write(b_(str(idnum) + " 0 obj\n"))
key = None
if hasattr(self, "_encrypt") and idnum != self._encrypt.idnum:
pack1 = struct.pack("<i", i + 1)[:3]
pack2 = struct.pack("<i", 0)[:2]
key = self._encrypt_key + pack1 + pack2
assert len(key) == (len(self._encrypt_key) + 5)
md5_hash = md5(key).digest()
key = md5_hash[:min(16, len(self._encrypt_key) + 5)]
obj.writeToStream(stream, key)
stream.write(b_("\nendobj\n"))
# xref table
xref_location = stream.tell()
stream.write(b_("xref\n"))
stream.write(b_("0 %s\n" % (len(self._objects) + 1)))
stream.write(b_("%010d %05d f \n" % (0, 65535)))
for offset in object_positions:
stream.write(b_("%010d %05d n \n" % (offset, 0)))
# trailer
stream.write(b_("trailer\n"))
trailer = DictionaryObject()
trailer.update({
NameObject("/Size"): NumberObject(len(self._objects) + 1),
NameObject("/Root"): self._root,
NameObject("/Info"): self._info,
})
if hasattr(self, "_ID"):
trailer[NameObject("/ID")] = self._ID
if hasattr(self, "_encrypt"):
trailer[NameObject("/Encrypt")] = self._encrypt
trailer.writeToStream(stream, None)
# eof
stream.write(b_("\nstartxref\n%s\n%%%%EOF\n" % (xref_location)))
def addMetadata(self, infos):
"""
Add custom metadata to the output.
:param dict infos: a Python dictionary where each key is a field
and each value is your new metadata.
"""
args = {}
for key, value in list(infos.items()):
args[NameObject(key)] = createStringObject(value)
self.getObject(self._info).update(args)
def _sweepIndirectReferences(self, externMap, data):
debug = False
if debug: print((data, "TYPE", data.__class__.__name__))
if isinstance(data, DictionaryObject):
for key, value in list(data.items()):
origvalue = value
value = self._sweepIndirectReferences(externMap, value)
if isinstance(value, StreamObject):
# a dictionary value is a stream. streams must be indirect
# objects, so we need to change this value.
value = self._addObject(value)
data[key] = value
return data
elif isinstance(data, ArrayObject):
for i in range(len(data)):
value = self._sweepIndirectReferences(externMap, data[i])
if isinstance(value, StreamObject):
# an array value is a stream. streams must be indirect
# objects, so we need to change this value
value = self._addObject(value)
data[i] = value
return data
elif isinstance(data, IndirectObject):
# internal indirect references are fine
if data.pdf == self:
if data.idnum in self.stack:
return data
else:
self.stack.append(data.idnum)
realdata = self.getObject(data)
self._sweepIndirectReferences(externMap, realdata)
return data
else:
newobj = externMap.get(data.pdf, {}).get(data.generation, {}).get(data.idnum, None)
if newobj == None:
try:
newobj = data.pdf.getObject(data)
self._objects.append(None) # placeholder
idnum = len(self._objects)
newobj_ido = IndirectObject(idnum, 0, self)
if data.pdf not in externMap:
externMap[data.pdf] = {}
if data.generation not in externMap[data.pdf]:
externMap[data.pdf][data.generation] = {}
externMap[data.pdf][data.generation][data.idnum] = newobj_ido
newobj = self._sweepIndirectReferences(externMap, newobj)
self._objects[idnum-1] = newobj
return newobj_ido
except ValueError:
# Unable to resolve the Object, returning NullObject instead.
return NullObject()
return newobj
else:
return data
def getReference(self, obj):
idnum = self._objects.index(obj) + 1
ref = IndirectObject(idnum, 0, self)
assert ref.getObject() == obj
return ref
def getOutlineRoot(self):
if '/Outlines' in self._root_object:
outline = self._root_object['/Outlines']
idnum = self._objects.index(outline) + 1
outlineRef = IndirectObject(idnum, 0, self)
assert outlineRef.getObject() == outline
else:
outline = TreeObject()
outline.update({ })
outlineRef = self._addObject(outline)
self._root_object[NameObject('/Outlines')] = outlineRef
return outline
def getNamedDestRoot(self):
if '/Names' in self._root_object and isinstance(self._root_object['/Names'], DictionaryObject):
names = self._root_object['/Names']
idnum = self._objects.index(names) + 1
namesRef = IndirectObject(idnum, 0, self)
assert namesRef.getObject() == names
if '/Dests' in names and isinstance(names['/Dests'], DictionaryObject):
dests = names['/Dests']
idnum = self._objects.index(dests) + 1
destsRef = IndirectObject(idnum, 0, self)
assert destsRef.getObject() == dests
if '/Names' in dests:
nd = dests['/Names']
else:
nd = ArrayObject()
dests[NameObject('/Names')] = nd
else:
dests = DictionaryObject()
destsRef = self._addObject(dests)
names[NameObject('/Dests')] = destsRef
nd = ArrayObject()
dests[NameObject('/Names')] = nd
else:
names = DictionaryObject()
namesRef = self._addObject(names)
self._root_object[NameObject('/Names')] = namesRef
dests = DictionaryObject()
destsRef = self._addObject(dests)
names[NameObject('/Dests')] = destsRef
nd = ArrayObject()
dests[NameObject('/Names')] = nd
return nd
def addBookmarkDestination(self, dest, parent=None):
destRef = self._addObject(dest)
outlineRef = self.getOutlineRoot()
if parent == None:
parent = outlineRef
parent = parent.getObject()
#print parent.__class__.__name__
parent.addChild(destRef, self)
return destRef
def addBookmarkDict(self, bookmark, parent=None):
bookmarkObj = TreeObject()
for k, v in list(bookmark.items()):
bookmarkObj[NameObject(str(k))] = v
bookmarkObj.update(bookmark)
if '/A' in bookmark:
action = DictionaryObject()
for k, v in list(bookmark['/A'].items()):
action[NameObject(str(k))] = v
actionRef = self._addObject(action)
bookmarkObj[NameObject('/A')] = actionRef
bookmarkRef = self._addObject(bookmarkObj)
outlineRef = self.getOutlineRoot()
if parent == None:
parent = outlineRef
parent = parent.getObject()
parent.addChild(bookmarkRef, self)
return bookmarkRef
def addBookmark(self, title, pagenum, parent=None, color=None, bold=False, italic=False, fit='/Fit', *args):
"""
Add a bookmark to this PDF file.
:param str title: Title to use for this bookmark.
:param int pagenum: Page number this bookmark will point to.
:param parent: A reference to a parent bookmark to create nested
bookmarks.
:param tuple color: Color of the bookmark as a red, green, blue tuple
from 0.0 to 1.0
:param bool bold: Bookmark is bold
:param bool italic: Bookmark is italic
:param str fit: The fit of the destination page. See
:meth:`addLink()<addLink>` for details.
"""
pageRef = self.getObject(self._pages)['/Kids'][pagenum]
action = DictionaryObject()
zoomArgs = []
for a in args:
if a is not None:
zoomArgs.append(NumberObject(a))
else:
zoomArgs.append(NullObject())
dest = Destination(NameObject("/"+title + " bookmark"), pageRef, NameObject(fit), *zoomArgs)
destArray = dest.getDestArray()
action.update({
NameObject('/D') : destArray,
NameObject('/S') : NameObject('/GoTo')
})
actionRef = self._addObject(action)
outlineRef = self.getOutlineRoot()
if parent == None:
parent = outlineRef
bookmark = TreeObject()
bookmark.update({
NameObject('/A'): actionRef,
NameObject('/Title'): createStringObject(title),
})
if color is not None:
bookmark.update({NameObject('/C'): ArrayObject([FloatObject(c) for c in color])})
format = 0
if italic:
format += 1
if bold:
format += 2
if format:
bookmark.update({NameObject('/F'): NumberObject(format)})
bookmarkRef = self._addObject(bookmark)
parent = parent.getObject()
parent.addChild(bookmarkRef, self)
return bookmarkRef
def addNamedDestinationObject(self, dest):
destRef = self._addObject(dest)
nd = self.getNamedDestRoot()
nd.extend([dest['/Title'], destRef])
return destRef
def addNamedDestination(self, title, pagenum):
pageRef = self.getObject(self._pages)['/Kids'][pagenum]
dest = DictionaryObject()
dest.update({
NameObject('/D') : ArrayObject([pageRef, NameObject('/FitH'), NumberObject(826)]),
NameObject('/S') : NameObject('/GoTo')
})
destRef = self._addObject(dest)
nd = self.getNamedDestRoot()
nd.extend([title, destRef])
return destRef
def removeLinks(self):
"""
Removes links and annotations from this output.
"""
pages = self.getObject(self._pages)['/Kids']
for page in pages:
pageRef = self.getObject(page)
if "/Annots" in pageRef:
del pageRef['/Annots']
def removeImages(self, ignoreByteStringObject=False):
"""
Removes images from this output.
:param bool ignoreByteStringObject: optional parameter
to ignore ByteString Objects.
"""
pages = self.getObject(self._pages)['/Kids']
for j in range(len(pages)):
page = pages[j]
pageRef = self.getObject(page)
content = pageRef['/Contents'].getObject()
if not isinstance(content, ContentStream):
content = ContentStream(content, pageRef)
_operations = []
seq_graphics = False
for operands, operator in content.operations:
if operator == b_('Tj'):
text = operands[0]
if ignoreByteStringObject:
if not isinstance(text, TextStringObject):
operands[0] = TextStringObject()
elif operator == b_("'"):
text = operands[0]
if ignoreByteStringObject:
if not isinstance(text, TextStringObject):
operands[0] = TextStringObject()
elif operator == b_('"'):
text = operands[2]
if ignoreByteStringObject:
if not isinstance(text, TextStringObject):
operands[2] = TextStringObject()
elif operator == b_("TJ"):
for i in range(len(operands[0])):
if ignoreByteStringObject:
if not isinstance(operands[0][i], TextStringObject):
operands[0][i] = TextStringObject()
if operator == b_('q'):
seq_graphics = True
if operator == b_('Q'):
seq_graphics = False
if seq_graphics:
if operator in [b_('cm'), b_('w'), b_('J'), b_('j'), b_('M'), b_('d'), b_('ri'), b_('i'),
b_('gs'), b_('W'), b_('b'), b_('s'), b_('S'), b_('f'), b_('F'), b_('n'), b_('m'), b_('l'),
b_('c'), b_('v'), b_('y'), b_('h'), b_('B'), b_('Do'), b_('sh')]:
continue
if operator == b_('re'):
continue
_operations.append((operands, operator))
content.operations = _operations
pageRef.__setitem__(NameObject('/Contents'), content)
def removeText(self, ignoreByteStringObject=False):
"""
Removes images from this output.
:param bool ignoreByteStringObject: optional parameter
to ignore ByteString Objects.
"""
pages = self.getObject(self._pages)['/Kids']
for j in range(len(pages)):
page = pages[j]
pageRef = self.getObject(page)
content = pageRef['/Contents'].getObject()
if not isinstance(content, ContentStream):
content = ContentStream(content, pageRef)
for operands,operator in content.operations:
if operator == b_('Tj'):
text = operands[0]
if not ignoreByteStringObject:
if isinstance(text, TextStringObject):
operands[0] = TextStringObject()
else:
if isinstance(text, TextStringObject) or \
isinstance(text, ByteStringObject):
operands[0] = TextStringObject()
elif operator == b_("'"):
text = operands[0]
if not ignoreByteStringObject:
if isinstance(text, TextStringObject):
operands[0] = TextStringObject()
else:
if isinstance(text, TextStringObject) or \
isinstance(text, ByteStringObject):
operands[0] = TextStringObject()
elif operator == b_('"'):
text = operands[2]
if not ignoreByteStringObject:
if isinstance(text, TextStringObject):
operands[2] = TextStringObject()
else:
if isinstance(text, TextStringObject) or \
isinstance(text, ByteStringObject):
operands[2] = TextStringObject()
elif operator == b_("TJ"):
for i in range(len(operands[0])):
if not ignoreByteStringObject:
if isinstance(operands[0][i], TextStringObject):
operands[0][i] = TextStringObject()
else:
if isinstance(operands[0][i], TextStringObject) or \
isinstance(operands[0][i], ByteStringObject):
operands[0][i] = TextStringObject()
pageRef.__setitem__(NameObject('/Contents'), content)
def addLink(self, pagenum, pagedest, rect, border=None, fit='/Fit', *args):
"""
Add an internal link from a rectangular area to the specified page.
:param int pagenum: index of the page on which to place the link.
:param int pagedest: index of the page to which the link should go.
:param rect: :class:`RectangleObject<PyPDF2.generic.RectangleObject>` or array of four
integers specifying the clickable rectangular area
``[xLL, yLL, xUR, yUR]``, or string in the form ``"[ xLL yLL xUR yUR ]"``.
:param border: if provided, an array describing border-drawing
properties. See the PDF spec for details. No border will be
drawn if this argument is omitted.
:param str fit: Page fit or 'zoom' option (see below). Additional arguments may need
to be supplied. Passing ``None`` will be read as a null value for that coordinate.
Valid zoom arguments (see Table 8.2 of the PDF 1.7 reference for details):
/Fit No additional arguments
/XYZ [left] [top] [zoomFactor]
/FitH [top]
/FitV [left]
/FitR [left] [bottom] [right] [top]
/FitB No additional arguments
/FitBH [top]
/FitBV [left]
"""
pageLink = self.getObject(self._pages)['/Kids'][pagenum]
pageDest = self.getObject(self._pages)['/Kids'][pagedest] #TODO: switch for external link
pageRef = self.getObject(pageLink)
if border is not None:
borderArr = [NameObject(n) for n in border[:3]]
if len(border) == 4:
dashPattern = ArrayObject([NameObject(n) for n in border[3]])
borderArr.append(dashPattern)
else:
borderArr = [NumberObject(0)] * 3
if isString(rect):
rect = NameObject(rect)
elif isinstance(rect, RectangleObject):
pass
else:
rect = RectangleObject(rect)
zoomArgs = []
for a in args:
if a is not None:
zoomArgs.append(NumberObject(a))
else:
zoomArgs.append(NullObject())
dest = Destination(NameObject("/LinkName"), pageDest, NameObject(fit), *zoomArgs) #TODO: create a better name for the link
destArray = dest.getDestArray()
lnk = DictionaryObject()
lnk.update({
NameObject('/Type'): NameObject('/Annot'),
NameObject('/Subtype'): NameObject('/Link'),
NameObject('/P'): pageLink,
NameObject('/Rect'): rect,
NameObject('/Border'): ArrayObject(borderArr),
NameObject('/Dest'): destArray
})
lnkRef = self._addObject(lnk)
if "/Annots" in pageRef:
pageRef['/Annots'].append(lnkRef)
else:
pageRef[NameObject('/Annots')] = ArrayObject([lnkRef])
_valid_layouts = ['/NoLayout', '/SinglePage', '/OneColumn', '/TwoColumnLeft', '/TwoColumnRight', '/TwoPageLeft', '/TwoPageRight']
def getPageLayout(self):
"""
Get the page layout.
See :meth:`setPageLayout()<PdfFileWriter.setPageLayout>` for a description of valid layouts.
:return: Page layout currently being used.
:rtype: str, None if not specified
"""
try:
return self._root_object['/PageLayout']
except KeyError:
return None
def setPageLayout(self, layout):
"""
Set the page layout
:param str layout: The page layout to be used
Valid layouts are:
/NoLayout Layout explicitly not specified
/SinglePage Show one page at a time
/OneColumn Show one column at a time
/TwoColumnLeft Show pages in two columns, odd-numbered pages on the left
/TwoColumnRight Show pages in two columns, odd-numbered pages on the right
/TwoPageLeft Show two pages at a time, odd-numbered pages on the left
/TwoPageRight Show two pages at a time, odd-numbered pages on the right
"""
if not isinstance(layout, NameObject):
if layout not in self._valid_layouts:
warnings.warn("Layout should be one of: {}".format(', '.join(self._valid_layouts)))
layout = NameObject(layout)
self._root_object.update({NameObject('/PageLayout'): layout})
pageLayout = property(getPageLayout, setPageLayout)
"""Read and write property accessing the :meth:`getPageLayout()<PdfFileWriter.getPageLayout>`
and :meth:`setPageLayout()<PdfFileWriter.setPageLayout>` methods."""
_valid_modes = ['/UseNone', '/UseOutlines', '/UseThumbs', '/FullScreen', '/UseOC', '/UseAttachments']
def getPageMode(self):
"""
Get the page mode.
See :meth:`setPageMode()<PdfFileWriter.setPageMode>` for a description
of valid modes.
:return: Page mode currently being used.
:rtype: str, None if not specified
"""
try:
return self._root_object['/PageMode']
except KeyError:
return None
def setPageMode(self, mode):
"""
Set the page mode.
:param str mode: The page mode to use.
Valid modes are:
/UseNone Do not show outlines or thumbnails panels
/UseOutlines Show outlines (aka bookmarks) panel
/UseThumbs Show page thumbnails panel
/FullScreen Fullscreen view
/UseOC Show Optional Content Group (OCG) panel
/UseAttachments Show attachments panel
"""
if not isinstance(mode, NameObject):
if mode not in self._valid_modes:
warnings.warn("Mode should be one of: {}".format(', '.join(self._valid_modes)))
mode = NameObject(mode)
self._root_object.update({NameObject('/PageMode'): mode})
pageMode = property(getPageMode, setPageMode)
"""Read and write property accessing the :meth:`getPageMode()<PdfFileWriter.getPageMode>`
and :meth:`setPageMode()<PdfFileWriter.setPageMode>` methods."""
class PdfFileReader(object):
"""
Initializes a PdfFileReader object. This operation can take some time, as
the PDF stream's cross-reference tables are read into memory.
:param stream: A File object or an object that supports the standard read
and seek methods similar to a File object. Could also be a
string representing a path to a PDF file.
:param bool strict: Determines whether user should be warned of all
problems and also causes some correctable problems to be fatal.
Defaults to ``True``.
:param warndest: Destination for logging warnings (defaults to
``sys.stderr``).
:param bool overwriteWarnings: Determines whether to override Python's
``warnings.py`` module with a custom implementation (defaults to
``True``).
"""
def __init__(self, stream, strict=True, warndest = None, overwriteWarnings = True):
if overwriteWarnings:
# have to dynamically override the default showwarning since there are no
# public methods that specify the 'file' parameter
def _showwarning(message, category, filename, lineno, file=warndest, line=None):
if file is None:
file = sys.stderr
try:
file.write(formatWarning(message, category, filename, lineno, line))
except IOError:
pass
warnings.showwarning = _showwarning
self.strict = strict
self.flattenedPages = None
self.resolvedObjects = {}
self.xrefIndex = 0
self._pageId2Num = None # map page IndirectRef number to Page Number
if hasattr(stream, 'mode') and 'b' not in stream.mode:
warnings.warn("PdfFileReader stream/file object is not in binary mode. It may not be read correctly.", utils.PdfReadWarning)
if isString(stream):
fileobj = open(stream, 'rb')
stream = BytesIO(b_(fileobj.read()))
fileobj.close()
self.read(stream)
self.stream = stream
self._override_encryption = False
def getDocumentInfo(self):
"""
Retrieves the PDF file's document information dictionary, if it exists.
Note that some PDF files use metadata streams instead of docinfo
dictionaries, and these metadata streams will not be accessed by this
function.
:return: the document information of this PDF file
:rtype: :class:`DocumentInformation<pdf.DocumentInformation>` or ``None`` if none exists.
"""
if "/Info" not in self.trailer:
return None
obj = self.trailer['/Info']
retval = DocumentInformation()
retval.update(obj)
return retval
documentInfo = property(lambda self: self.getDocumentInfo(), None, None)
"""Read-only property that accesses the :meth:`getDocumentInfo()<PdfFileReader.getDocumentInfo>` function."""
def getXmpMetadata(self):
"""
Retrieves XMP (Extensible Metadata Platform) data from the PDF document
root.
:return: a :class:`XmpInformation<xmp.XmpInformation>`
instance that can be used to access XMP metadata from the document.
:rtype: :class:`XmpInformation<xmp.XmpInformation>` or
``None`` if no metadata was found on the document root.
"""
try:
self._override_encryption = True
return self.trailer["/Root"].getXmpMetadata()
finally:
self._override_encryption = False
xmpMetadata = property(lambda self: self.getXmpMetadata(), None, None)
"""
Read-only property that accesses the
:meth:`getXmpMetadata()<PdfFileReader.getXmpMetadata>` function.
"""
def getNumPages(self):
"""
Calculates the number of pages in this PDF file.
:return: number of pages
:rtype: int
:raises PdfReadError: if file is encrypted and restrictions prevent
this action.
"""
# Flattened pages will not work on an Encrypted PDF;
# the PDF file's page count is used in this case. Otherwise,
# the original method (flattened page count) is used.
if self.isEncrypted:
try:
self._override_encryption = True
self.decrypt('')
return self.trailer["/Root"]["/Pages"]["/Count"]
except:
raise utils.PdfReadError("File has not been decrypted")
finally:
self._override_encryption = False
else:
if self.flattenedPages == None:
self._flatten()
return len(self.flattenedPages)
numPages = property(lambda self: self.getNumPages(), None, None)
"""
Read-only property that accesses the
:meth:`getNumPages()<PdfFileReader.getNumPages>` function.
"""
def getPage(self, pageNumber):
"""
Retrieves a page by number from this PDF file.
:param int pageNumber: The page number to retrieve
(pages begin at zero)
:return: a :class:`PageObject<pdf.PageObject>` instance.
:rtype: :class:`PageObject<pdf.PageObject>`
"""
## ensure that we're not trying to access an encrypted PDF
#assert not self.trailer.has_key("/Encrypt")
if self.flattenedPages == None:
self._flatten()
return self.flattenedPages[pageNumber]
namedDestinations = property(lambda self:
self.getNamedDestinations(), None, None)
"""
Read-only property that accesses the
:meth:`getNamedDestinations()<PdfFileReader.getNamedDestinations>` function.
"""
# A select group of relevant field attributes. For the complete list,
# see section 8.6.2 of the PDF 1.7 reference.
def getFields(self, tree = None, retval = None, fileobj = None):
"""
Extracts field data if this PDF contains interactive form fields.
The *tree* and *retval* parameters are for recursive use.
:param fileobj: A file object (usually a text file) to write
a report to on all interactive form fields found.
:return: A dictionary where each key is a field name, and each
value is a :class:`Field<PyPDF2.generic.Field>` object. By
default, the mapping name is used for keys.
:rtype: dict, or ``None`` if form data could not be located.
"""
fieldAttributes = {"/FT" : "Field Type", "/Parent" : "Parent",
"/T" : "Field Name", "/TU" : "Alternate Field Name",
"/TM" : "Mapping Name", "/Ff" : "Field Flags",
"/V" : "Value", "/DV" : "Default Value"}
if retval == None:
retval = {}
catalog = self.trailer["/Root"]
# get the AcroForm tree
if "/AcroForm" in catalog:
tree = catalog["/AcroForm"]
else:
return None
if tree == None:
return retval
self._checkKids(tree, retval, fileobj)
for attr in fieldAttributes:
if attr in tree:
# Tree is a field
self._buildField(tree, retval, fileobj, fieldAttributes)
break
if "/Fields" in tree:
fields = tree["/Fields"]
for f in fields:
field = f.getObject()
self._buildField(field, retval, fileobj, fieldAttributes)
return retval
def _buildField(self, field, retval, fileobj, fieldAttributes):
self._checkKids(field, retval, fileobj)
try:
key = field["/TM"]
except KeyError:
try:
key = field["/T"]
except KeyError:
# Ignore no-name field for now
return
if fileobj:
self._writeField(fileobj, field, fieldAttributes)
fileobj.write("\n")
retval[key] = Field(field)
def _checkKids(self, tree, retval, fileobj):
if "/Kids" in tree:
# recurse down the tree
for kid in tree["/Kids"]:
self.getFields(kid.getObject(), retval, fileobj)
def _writeField(self, fileobj, field, fieldAttributes):
order = ["/TM", "/T", "/FT", "/Parent", "/TU", "/Ff", "/V", "/DV"]
for attr in order:
attrName = fieldAttributes[attr]
try:
if attr == "/FT":
# Make the field type value more clear
types = {"/Btn":"Button", "/Tx":"Text", "/Ch": "Choice",
"/Sig":"Signature"}
if field[attr] in types:
fileobj.write(attrName + ": " + types[field[attr]] + "\n")
elif attr == "/Parent":
# Let's just write the name of the parent
try:
name = field["/Parent"]["/TM"]
except KeyError:
name = field["/Parent"]["/T"]
fileobj.write(attrName + ": " + name + "\n")
else:
fileobj.write(attrName + ": " + str(field[attr]) + "\n")
except KeyError:
# Field attribute is N/A or unknown, so don't write anything
pass
def getFormTextFields(self):
''' Retrieves form fields from the document with textual data (inputs, dropdowns)
'''
# Retrieve document form fields
formfields = self.getFields()
return dict(
(formfields[field]['/T'], formfields[field].get('/V')) for field in formfields \
if formfields[field].get('/FT') == '/Tx'
)
def getNamedDestinations(self, tree=None, retval=None):
"""
Retrieves the named destinations present in the document.
:return: a dictionary which maps names to
:class:`Destinations<PyPDF2.generic.Destination>`.
:rtype: dict
"""
if retval == None:
retval = {}
catalog = self.trailer["/Root"]
# get the name tree
if "/Dests" in catalog:
tree = catalog["/Dests"]
elif "/Names" in catalog:
names = catalog['/Names']
if "/Dests" in names:
tree = names['/Dests']
if tree == None:
return retval
if "/Kids" in tree:
# recurse down the tree
for kid in tree["/Kids"]:
self.getNamedDestinations(kid.getObject(), retval)
if "/Names" in tree:
names = tree["/Names"]
for i in range(0, len(names), 2):
key = names[i].getObject()
val = names[i+1].getObject()
if isinstance(val, DictionaryObject) and '/D' in val:
val = val['/D']
dest = self._buildDestination(key, val)
if dest != None:
retval[key] = dest
return retval
outlines = property(lambda self: self.getOutlines(), None, None)
"""
Read-only property that accesses the
:meth:`getOutlines()<PdfFileReader.getOutlines>` function.
"""
def getOutlines(self, node=None, outlines=None):
"""
Retrieves the document outline present in the document.
:return: a nested list of :class:`Destinations<PyPDF2.generic.Destination>`.
"""
if outlines == None:
outlines = []
catalog = self.trailer["/Root"]
# get the outline dictionary and named destinations
if "/Outlines" in catalog:
try:
lines = catalog["/Outlines"]
except utils.PdfReadError:
# this occurs if the /Outlines object reference is incorrect
# for an example of such a file, see https://unglueit-files.s3.amazonaws.com/ebf/7552c42e9280b4476e59e77acc0bc812.pdf
# so continue to load the file without the Bookmarks
return outlines
if "/First" in lines:
node = lines["/First"]
self._namedDests = self.getNamedDestinations()
if node == None:
return outlines
# see if there are any more outlines
while True:
outline = self._buildOutline(node)
if outline:
outlines.append(outline)
# check for sub-outlines
if "/First" in node:
subOutlines = []
self.getOutlines(node["/First"], subOutlines)
if subOutlines:
outlines.append(subOutlines)
if "/Next" not in node:
break
node = node["/Next"]
return outlines
def _getPageNumberByIndirect(self, indirectRef):
"""Generate _pageId2Num"""
if self._pageId2Num is None:
id2num = {}
for i, x in enumerate(self.pages):
id2num[x.indirectRef.idnum] = i
self._pageId2Num = id2num
if isinstance(indirectRef, int):
idnum = indirectRef
else:
idnum = indirectRef.idnum
ret = self._pageId2Num.get(idnum, -1)
return ret
def getPageNumber(self, page):
"""
Retrieve page number of a given PageObject
:param PageObject page: The page to get page number. Should be
an instance of :class:`PageObject<PyPDF2.pdf.PageObject>`
:return: the page number or -1 if page not found
:rtype: int
"""
indirectRef = page.indirectRef
ret = self._getPageNumberByIndirect(indirectRef)
return ret
def getDestinationPageNumber(self, destination):
"""
Retrieve page number of a given Destination object
:param Destination destination: The destination to get page number.
Should be an instance of
:class:`Destination<PyPDF2.pdf.Destination>`
:return: the page number or -1 if page not found
:rtype: int
"""
indirectRef = destination.page
ret = self._getPageNumberByIndirect(indirectRef)
return ret
def _buildDestination(self, title, array):
page, typ = array[0:2]
array = array[2:]
return Destination(title, page, typ, *array)
def _buildOutline(self, node):
dest, title, outline = None, None, None
if "/A" in node and "/Title" in node:
# Action, section 8.5 (only type GoTo supported)
title = node["/Title"]
action = node["/A"]
if action["/S"] == "/GoTo":
dest = action["/D"]
elif "/Dest" in node and "/Title" in node:
# Destination, section 8.2.1
title = node["/Title"]
dest = node["/Dest"]
# if destination found, then create outline
if dest:
if isinstance(dest, ArrayObject):
outline = self._buildDestination(title, dest)
elif isString(dest) and dest in self._namedDests:
outline = self._namedDests[dest]
outline[NameObject("/Title")] = title
else:
raise utils.PdfReadError("Unexpected destination %r" % dest)
return outline
pages = property(lambda self: ConvertFunctionsToVirtualList(self.getNumPages, self.getPage),
None, None)
"""
Read-only property that emulates a list based upon the
:meth:`getNumPages()<PdfFileReader.getNumPages>` and
:meth:`getPage()<PdfFileReader.getPage>` methods.
"""
def getPageLayout(self):
"""
Get the page layout.
See :meth:`setPageLayout()<PdfFileWriter.setPageLayout>`
for a description of valid layouts.
:return: Page layout currently being used.
:rtype: ``str``, ``None`` if not specified
"""
try:
return self.trailer['/Root']['/PageLayout']
except KeyError:
return None
pageLayout = property(getPageLayout)
"""Read-only property accessing the
:meth:`getPageLayout()<PdfFileReader.getPageLayout>` method."""
def getPageMode(self):
"""
Get the page mode.
See :meth:`setPageMode()<PdfFileWriter.setPageMode>`
for a description of valid modes.
:return: Page mode currently being used.
:rtype: ``str``, ``None`` if not specified
"""
try:
return self.trailer['/Root']['/PageMode']
except KeyError:
return None
pageMode = property(getPageMode)
"""Read-only property accessing the
:meth:`getPageMode()<PdfFileReader.getPageMode>` method."""
def _flatten(self, pages=None, inherit=None, indirectRef=None):
inheritablePageAttributes = (
NameObject("/Resources"), NameObject("/MediaBox"),
NameObject("/CropBox"), NameObject("/Rotate")
)
if inherit == None:
inherit = dict()
if pages == None:
self.flattenedPages = []
catalog = self.trailer["/Root"].getObject()
pages = catalog["/Pages"].getObject()
t = "/Pages"
if "/Type" in pages:
t = pages["/Type"]
if t == "/Pages":
for attr in inheritablePageAttributes:
if attr in pages:
inherit[attr] = pages[attr]
for page in pages["/Kids"]:
addt = {}
if isinstance(page, IndirectObject):
addt["indirectRef"] = page
self._flatten(page.getObject(), inherit, **addt)
elif t == "/Page":
for attr, value in list(inherit.items()):
# if the page has it's own value, it does not inherit the
# parent's value:
if attr not in pages:
pages[attr] = value
pageObj = PageObject(self, indirectRef)
pageObj.update(pages)
self.flattenedPages.append(pageObj)
def _getObjectFromStream(self, indirectReference):
# indirect reference to object in object stream
# read the entire object stream into memory
debug = False
stmnum, idx = self.xref_objStm[indirectReference.idnum]
if debug: print(("Here1: %s %s"%(stmnum, idx)))
objStm = IndirectObject(stmnum, 0, self).getObject()
if debug: print(("Here2: objStm=%s.. stmnum=%s data=%s"%(objStm, stmnum, objStm.getData())))
# This is an xref to a stream, so its type better be a stream
assert objStm['/Type'] == '/ObjStm'
# /N is the number of indirect objects in the stream
assert idx < objStm['/N']
streamData = BytesIO(b_(objStm.getData()))
for i in range(objStm['/N']):
readNonWhitespace(streamData)
streamData.seek(-1, 1)
objnum = NumberObject.readFromStream(streamData)
readNonWhitespace(streamData)
streamData.seek(-1, 1)
offset = NumberObject.readFromStream(streamData)
readNonWhitespace(streamData)
streamData.seek(-1, 1)
if objnum != indirectReference.idnum:
# We're only interested in one object
continue
if self.strict and idx != i:
raise utils.PdfReadError("Object is in wrong index.")
streamData.seek(objStm['/First']+offset, 0)
if debug:
pos = streamData.tell()
streamData.seek(0, 0)
lines = streamData.readlines()
for i in range(0, len(lines)):
print((lines[i]))
streamData.seek(pos, 0)
try:
obj = readObject(streamData, self)
except utils.PdfStreamError as e:
# Stream object cannot be read. Normally, a critical error, but
# Adobe Reader doesn't complain, so continue (in strict mode?)
e = sys.exc_info()[1]
warnings.warn("Invalid stream (index %d) within object %d %d: %s" % \
(i, indirectReference.idnum, indirectReference.generation, e), utils.PdfReadWarning)
if self.strict:
raise utils.PdfReadError("Can't read object stream: %s"%e)
# Replace with null. Hopefully it's nothing important.
obj = NullObject()
return obj
if self.strict: raise utils.PdfReadError("This is a fatal error in strict mode.")
return NullObject()
def getObject(self, indirectReference):
debug = False
if debug: print(("looking at:", indirectReference.idnum, indirectReference.generation))
retval = self.cacheGetIndirectObject(indirectReference.generation,
indirectReference.idnum)
if retval != None:
return retval
if indirectReference.generation == 0 and \
indirectReference.idnum in self.xref_objStm:
retval = self._getObjectFromStream(indirectReference)
elif indirectReference.generation in self.xref and \
indirectReference.idnum in self.xref[indirectReference.generation]:
start = self.xref[indirectReference.generation][indirectReference.idnum]
if debug: print((" Uncompressed Object", indirectReference.idnum, indirectReference.generation, ":", start))
self.stream.seek(start, 0)
idnum, generation = self.readObjectHeader(self.stream)
if idnum != indirectReference.idnum and self.xrefIndex:
# Xref table probably had bad indexes due to not being zero-indexed
if self.strict:
raise utils.PdfReadError("Expected object ID (%d %d) does not match actual (%d %d); xref table not zero-indexed." \
% (indirectReference.idnum, indirectReference.generation, idnum, generation))
else: pass # xref table is corrected in non-strict mode
elif idnum != indirectReference.idnum:
# some other problem
raise utils.PdfReadError("Expected object ID (%d %d) does not match actual (%d %d)." \
% (indirectReference.idnum, indirectReference.generation, idnum, generation))
assert generation == indirectReference.generation
retval = readObject(self.stream, self)
# override encryption is used for the /Encrypt dictionary
if not self._override_encryption and self.isEncrypted:
# if we don't have the encryption key:
if not hasattr(self, '_decryption_key'):
raise utils.PdfReadError("file has not been decrypted")
# otherwise, decrypt here...
import struct
pack1 = struct.pack("<i", indirectReference.idnum)[:3]
pack2 = struct.pack("<i", indirectReference.generation)[:2]
key = self._decryption_key + pack1 + pack2
assert len(key) == (len(self._decryption_key) + 5)
md5_hash = md5(key).digest()
key = md5_hash[:min(16, len(self._decryption_key) + 5)]
retval = self._decryptObject(retval, key)
else:
warnings.warn("Object %d %d not defined."%(indirectReference.idnum,
indirectReference.generation), utils.PdfReadWarning)
#if self.strict:
raise utils.PdfReadError("Could not find object.")
self.cacheIndirectObject(indirectReference.generation,
indirectReference.idnum, retval)
return retval
def _decryptObject(self, obj, key):
if isinstance(obj, ByteStringObject) or isinstance(obj, TextStringObject):
obj = createStringObject(utils.RC4_encrypt(key, obj.original_bytes))
elif isinstance(obj, StreamObject):
obj._data = utils.RC4_encrypt(key, obj._data)
elif isinstance(obj, DictionaryObject):
for dictkey, value in list(obj.items()):
obj[dictkey] = self._decryptObject(value, key)
elif isinstance(obj, ArrayObject):
for i in range(len(obj)):
obj[i] = self._decryptObject(obj[i], key)
return obj
def readObjectHeader(self, stream):
# Should never be necessary to read out whitespace, since the
# cross-reference table should put us in the right spot to read the
# object header. In reality... some files have stupid cross reference
# tables that are off by whitespace bytes.
extra = False
utils.skipOverComment(stream)
extra |= utils.skipOverWhitespace(stream); stream.seek(-1, 1)
idnum = readUntilWhitespace(stream)
extra |= utils.skipOverWhitespace(stream); stream.seek(-1, 1)
generation = readUntilWhitespace(stream)
obj = stream.read(3)
readNonWhitespace(stream)
stream.seek(-1, 1)
if (extra and self.strict):
#not a fatal error
warnings.warn("Superfluous whitespace found in object header %s %s" % \
(idnum, generation), utils.PdfReadWarning)
return int(idnum), int(generation)
def cacheGetIndirectObject(self, generation, idnum):
debug = False
out = self.resolvedObjects.get((generation, idnum))
if debug and out: print(("cache hit: %d %d"%(idnum, generation)))
elif debug: print(("cache miss: %d %d"%(idnum, generation)))
return out
def cacheIndirectObject(self, generation, idnum, obj):
# return None # Sometimes we want to turn off cache for debugging.
if (generation, idnum) in self.resolvedObjects:
msg = "Overwriting cache for %s %s"%(generation, idnum)
if self.strict: raise utils.PdfReadError(msg)
else: warnings.warn(msg)
self.resolvedObjects[(generation, idnum)] = obj
return obj
def read(self, stream):
debug = False
if debug: print(">>read", stream)
# start at the end:
stream.seek(-1, 2)
if not stream.tell():
raise utils.PdfReadError('Cannot read an empty file')
last1K = stream.tell() - 1024 + 1 # offset of last 1024 bytes of stream
line = b_('')
while line[:5] != b_("%%EOF"):
if stream.tell() < last1K:
raise utils.PdfReadError("EOF marker not found")
line = self.readNextEndLine(stream)
if debug: print(" line:",line)
# find startxref entry - the location of the xref table
line = self.readNextEndLine(stream)
try:
startxref = int(line)
except ValueError:
# 'startxref' may be on the same line as the location
if not line.startswith(b_("startxref")):
raise utils.PdfReadError("startxref not found")
startxref = int(line[9:].strip())
warnings.warn("startxref on same line as offset")
else:
line = self.readNextEndLine(stream)
if line[:9] != b_("startxref"):
raise utils.PdfReadError("startxref not found")
# read all cross reference tables and their trailers
self.xref = {}
self.xref_objStm = {}
self.trailer = DictionaryObject()
while True:
# load the xref table
stream.seek(startxref, 0)
x = stream.read(1)
if x == b_("x"):
# standard cross-reference table
ref = stream.read(4)
if ref[:3] != b_("ref"):
raise utils.PdfReadError("xref table read error")
readNonWhitespace(stream)
stream.seek(-1, 1)
firsttime = True; # check if the first time looking at the xref table
while True:
num = readObject(stream, self)
if firsttime and num != 0:
self.xrefIndex = num
if self.strict:
warnings.warn("Xref table not zero-indexed. ID numbers for objects will be corrected.", utils.PdfReadWarning)
#if table not zero indexed, could be due to error from when PDF was created
#which will lead to mismatched indices later on, only warned and corrected if self.strict=True
firsttime = False
readNonWhitespace(stream)
stream.seek(-1, 1)
size = readObject(stream, self)
readNonWhitespace(stream)
stream.seek(-1, 1)
cnt = 0
while cnt < size:
line = stream.read(20)
# It's very clear in section 3.4.3 of the PDF spec
# that all cross-reference table lines are a fixed
# 20 bytes (as of PDF 1.7). However, some files have
# 21-byte entries (or more) due to the use of \r\n
# (CRLF) EOL's. Detect that case, and adjust the line
# until it does not begin with a \r (CR) or \n (LF).
while line[0] in b_("\x0D\x0A"):
stream.seek(-20 + 1, 1)
line = stream.read(20)
# On the other hand, some malformed PDF files
# use a single character EOL without a preceeding
# space. Detect that case, and seek the stream
# back one character. (0-9 means we've bled into
# the next xref entry, t means we've bled into the
# text "trailer"):
if line[-1] in b_("0123456789t"):
stream.seek(-1, 1)
offset, generation = line[:16].split(b_(" "))
offset, generation = int(offset), int(generation)
if generation not in self.xref:
self.xref[generation] = {}
if num in self.xref[generation]:
# It really seems like we should allow the last
# xref table in the file to override previous
# ones. Since we read the file backwards, assume
# any existing key is already set correctly.
pass
else:
self.xref[generation][num] = offset
cnt += 1
num += 1
readNonWhitespace(stream)
stream.seek(-1, 1)
trailertag = stream.read(7)
if trailertag != b_("trailer"):
# more xrefs!
stream.seek(-7, 1)
else:
break
readNonWhitespace(stream)
stream.seek(-1, 1)
newTrailer = readObject(stream, self)
for key, value in list(newTrailer.items()):
if key not in self.trailer:
self.trailer[key] = value
if "/Prev" in newTrailer:
startxref = newTrailer["/Prev"]
else:
break
elif x.isdigit():
# PDF 1.5+ Cross-Reference Stream
stream.seek(-1, 1)
idnum, generation = self.readObjectHeader(stream)
xrefstream = readObject(stream, self)
assert xrefstream["/Type"] == "/XRef"
self.cacheIndirectObject(generation, idnum, xrefstream)
streamData = BytesIO(b_(xrefstream.getData()))
# Index pairs specify the subsections in the dictionary. If
# none create one subsection that spans everything.
idx_pairs = xrefstream.get("/Index", [0, xrefstream.get("/Size")])
if debug: print(("read idx_pairs=%s"%list(self._pairs(idx_pairs))))
entrySizes = xrefstream.get("/W")
assert len(entrySizes) >= 3
if self.strict and len(entrySizes) > 3:
raise utils.PdfReadError("Too many entry sizes: %s" %entrySizes)
def getEntry(i):
# Reads the correct number of bytes for each entry. See the
# discussion of the W parameter in PDF spec table 17.
if entrySizes[i] > 0:
d = streamData.read(entrySizes[i])
return convertToInt(d, entrySizes[i])
# PDF Spec Table 17: A value of zero for an element in the
# W array indicates...the default value shall be used
if i == 0: return 1 # First value defaults to 1
else: return 0
def used_before(num, generation):
# We move backwards through the xrefs, don't replace any.
return num in self.xref.get(generation, []) or \
num in self.xref_objStm
# Iterate through each subsection
last_end = 0
for start, size in self._pairs(idx_pairs):
# The subsections must increase
assert start >= last_end
last_end = start + size
for num in range(start, start+size):
# The first entry is the type
xref_type = getEntry(0)
# The rest of the elements depend on the xref_type
if xref_type == 0:
# linked list of free objects
next_free_object = getEntry(1)
next_generation = getEntry(2)
elif xref_type == 1:
# objects that are in use but are not compressed
byte_offset = getEntry(1)
generation = getEntry(2)
if generation not in self.xref:
self.xref[generation] = {}
if not used_before(num, generation):
self.xref[generation][num] = byte_offset
if debug: print(("XREF Uncompressed: %s %s"%(
num, generation)))
elif xref_type == 2:
# compressed objects
objstr_num = getEntry(1)
obstr_idx = getEntry(2)
generation = 0 # PDF spec table 18, generation is 0
if not used_before(num, generation):
if debug: print(("XREF Compressed: %s %s %s"%(
num, objstr_num, obstr_idx)))
self.xref_objStm[num] = (objstr_num, obstr_idx)
elif self.strict:
raise utils.PdfReadError("Unknown xref type: %s"%
xref_type)
trailerKeys = "/Root", "/Encrypt", "/Info", "/ID"
for key in trailerKeys:
if key in xrefstream and key not in self.trailer:
self.trailer[NameObject(key)] = xrefstream.raw_get(key)
if "/Prev" in xrefstream:
startxref = xrefstream["/Prev"]
else:
break
else:
# bad xref character at startxref. Let's see if we can find
# the xref table nearby, as we've observed this error with an
# off-by-one before.
stream.seek(-11, 1)
tmp = stream.read(20)
xref_loc = tmp.find(b_("xref"))
if xref_loc != -1:
startxref -= (10 - xref_loc)
continue
# No explicit xref table, try finding a cross-reference stream.
stream.seek(startxref, 0)
found = False
for look in range(5):
if stream.read(1).isdigit():
# This is not a standard PDF, consider adding a warning
startxref += look
found = True
break
if found:
continue
# no xref table found at specified location
raise utils.PdfReadError("Could not find xref table at specified location")
#if not zero-indexed, verify that the table is correct; change it if necessary
if self.xrefIndex and not self.strict:
loc = stream.tell()
for gen in self.xref:
if gen == 65535: continue
for id in self.xref[gen]:
stream.seek(self.xref[gen][id], 0)
try:
pid, pgen = self.readObjectHeader(stream)
except ValueError:
break
if pid == id - self.xrefIndex:
self._zeroXref(gen)
break
#if not, then either it's just plain wrong, or the non-zero-index is actually correct
stream.seek(loc, 0) #return to where it was
def _zeroXref(self, generation):
self.xref[generation] = dict( (k-self.xrefIndex, v) for (k, v) in list(self.xref[generation].items()) )
def _pairs(self, array):
i = 0
while True:
yield array[i], array[i+1]
i += 2
if (i+1) >= len(array):
break
def readNextEndLine(self, stream):
debug = False
if debug: print(">>readNextEndLine")
line = b_("")
while True:
# Prevent infinite loops in malformed PDFs
if stream.tell() == 0:
raise utils.PdfReadError("Could not read malformed PDF file")
x = stream.read(1)
if debug: print((" x:", x, "%x"%ord(x)))
if stream.tell() < 2:
raise utils.PdfReadError("EOL marker not found")
stream.seek(-2, 1)
if x == b_('\n') or x == b_('\r'): ## \n = LF; \r = CR
crlf = False
while x == b_('\n') or x == b_('\r'):
if debug:
if ord(x) == 0x0D: print(" x is CR 0D")
elif ord(x) == 0x0A: print(" x is LF 0A")
x = stream.read(1)
if x == b_('\n') or x == b_('\r'): # account for CR+LF
stream.seek(-1, 1)
crlf = True
if stream.tell() < 2:
raise utils.PdfReadError("EOL marker not found")
stream.seek(-2, 1)
stream.seek(2 if crlf else 1, 1) #if using CR+LF, go back 2 bytes, else 1
break
else:
if debug: print(" x is neither")
line = x + line
if debug: print((" RNEL line:", line))
if debug: print("leaving RNEL")
return line
def decrypt(self, password):
"""
When using an encrypted / secured PDF file with the PDF Standard
encryption handler, this function will allow the file to be decrypted.
It checks the given password against the document's user password and
owner password, and then stores the resulting decryption key if either
password is correct.
It does not matter which password was matched. Both passwords provide
the correct decryption key that will allow the document to be used with
this library.
:param str password: The password to match.
:return: ``0`` if the password failed, ``1`` if the password matched the user
password, and ``2`` if the password matched the owner password.
:rtype: int
:raises NotImplementedError: if document uses an unsupported encryption
method.
"""
self._override_encryption = True
try:
return self._decrypt(password)
finally:
self._override_encryption = False
def _decrypt(self, password):
encrypt = self.trailer['/Encrypt'].getObject()
if encrypt['/Filter'] != '/Standard':
raise NotImplementedError("only Standard PDF encryption handler is available")
if not (encrypt['/V'] in (1, 2)):
raise NotImplementedError("only algorithm code 1 and 2 are supported")
user_password, key = self._authenticateUserPassword(password)
if user_password:
self._decryption_key = key
return 1
else:
rev = encrypt['/R'].getObject()
if rev == 2:
keylen = 5
else:
keylen = encrypt['/Length'].getObject() // 8
key = _alg33_1(password, rev, keylen)
real_O = encrypt["/O"].getObject()
if rev == 2:
userpass = utils.RC4_encrypt(key, real_O)
else:
val = real_O
for i in range(19, -1, -1):
new_key = b_('')
for l in range(len(key)):
new_key += b_(chr(utils.ord_(key[l]) ^ i))
val = utils.RC4_encrypt(new_key, val)
userpass = val
owner_password, key = self._authenticateUserPassword(userpass)
if owner_password:
self._decryption_key = key
return 2
return 0
def _authenticateUserPassword(self, password):
encrypt = self.trailer['/Encrypt'].getObject()
rev = encrypt['/R'].getObject()
owner_entry = encrypt['/O'].getObject()
p_entry = encrypt['/P'].getObject()
id_entry = self.trailer['/ID'].getObject()
id1_entry = id_entry[0].getObject()
real_U = encrypt['/U'].getObject().original_bytes
if rev == 2:
U, key = _alg34(password, owner_entry, p_entry, id1_entry)
elif rev >= 3:
U, key = _alg35(password, rev,
encrypt["/Length"].getObject() // 8, owner_entry,
p_entry, id1_entry,
encrypt.get("/EncryptMetadata", BooleanObject(False)).getObject())
U, real_U = U[:16], real_U[:16]
return U == real_U, key
def getIsEncrypted(self):
return "/Encrypt" in self.trailer
isEncrypted = property(lambda self: self.getIsEncrypted(), None, None)
"""
Read-only boolean property showing whether this PDF file is encrypted.
Note that this property, if true, will remain true even after the
:meth:`decrypt()<PdfFileReader.decrypt>` method is called.
"""
def getRectangle(self, name, defaults):
retval = self.get(name)
if isinstance(retval, RectangleObject):
return retval
if retval == None:
for d in defaults:
retval = self.get(d)
if retval != None:
break
if isinstance(retval, IndirectObject):
retval = self.pdf.getObject(retval)
retval = RectangleObject(retval)
setRectangle(self, name, retval)
return retval
def setRectangle(self, name, value):
if not isinstance(name, NameObject):
name = NameObject(name)
self[name] = value
def deleteRectangle(self, name):
del self[name]
def createRectangleAccessor(name, fallback):
return \
property(
lambda self: getRectangle(self, name, fallback),
lambda self, value: setRectangle(self, name, value),
lambda self: deleteRectangle(self, name)
)
class PageObject(DictionaryObject):
"""
This class represents a single page within a PDF file. Typically this
object will be created by accessing the
:meth:`getPage()<PyPDF2.PdfFileReader.getPage>` method of the
:class:`PdfFileReader<PyPDF2.PdfFileReader>` class, but it is
also possible to create an empty page with the
:meth:`createBlankPage()<PageObject.createBlankPage>` static method.
:param pdf: PDF file the page belongs to.
:param indirectRef: Stores the original indirect reference to
this object in its source PDF
"""
def __init__(self, pdf=None, indirectRef=None):
DictionaryObject.__init__(self)
self.pdf = pdf
self.indirectRef = indirectRef
def createBlankPage(pdf=None, width=None, height=None):
"""
Returns a new blank page.
If ``width`` or ``height`` is ``None``, try to get the page size
from the last page of *pdf*.
:param pdf: PDF file the page belongs to
:param float width: The width of the new page expressed in default user
space units.
:param float height: The height of the new page expressed in default user
space units.
:return: the new blank page:
:rtype: :class:`PageObject<PageObject>`
:raises PageSizeNotDefinedError: if ``pdf`` is ``None`` or contains
no page
"""
page = PageObject(pdf)
# Creates a new page (cf PDF Reference 7.7.3.3)
page.__setitem__(NameObject('/Type'), NameObject('/Page'))
page.__setitem__(NameObject('/Parent'), NullObject())
page.__setitem__(NameObject('/Resources'), DictionaryObject())
if width is None or height is None:
if pdf is not None and pdf.getNumPages() > 0:
lastpage = pdf.getPage(pdf.getNumPages() - 1)
width = lastpage.mediaBox.getWidth()
height = lastpage.mediaBox.getHeight()
else:
raise utils.PageSizeNotDefinedError()
page.__setitem__(NameObject('/MediaBox'),
RectangleObject([0, 0, width, height]))
return page
createBlankPage = staticmethod(createBlankPage)
def rotateClockwise(self, angle):
"""
Rotates a page clockwise by increments of 90 degrees.
:param int angle: Angle to rotate the page. Must be an increment
of 90 deg.
"""
assert angle % 90 == 0
self._rotate(angle)
return self
def rotateCounterClockwise(self, angle):
"""
Rotates a page counter-clockwise by increments of 90 degrees.
:param int angle: Angle to rotate the page. Must be an increment
of 90 deg.
"""
assert angle % 90 == 0
self._rotate(-angle)
return self
def _rotate(self, angle):
currentAngle = self.get("/Rotate", 0)
self[NameObject("/Rotate")] = NumberObject(currentAngle + angle)
def _mergeResources(res1, res2, resource):
newRes = DictionaryObject()
newRes.update(res1.get(resource, DictionaryObject()).getObject())
page2Res = res2.get(resource, DictionaryObject()).getObject()
renameRes = {}
for key in list(page2Res.keys()):
if key in newRes and newRes.raw_get(key) != page2Res.raw_get(key):
newname = NameObject(key + str(uuid.uuid4()))
renameRes[key] = newname
newRes[newname] = page2Res[key]
elif key not in newRes:
newRes[key] = page2Res.raw_get(key)
return newRes, renameRes
_mergeResources = staticmethod(_mergeResources)
def _contentStreamRename(stream, rename, pdf):
if not rename:
return stream
stream = ContentStream(stream, pdf)
for operands, operator in stream.operations:
for i in range(len(operands)):
op = operands[i]
if isinstance(op, NameObject):
operands[i] = rename.get(op,op)
return stream
_contentStreamRename = staticmethod(_contentStreamRename)
def _pushPopGS(contents, pdf):
# adds a graphics state "push" and "pop" to the beginning and end
# of a content stream. This isolates it from changes such as
# transformation matricies.
stream = ContentStream(contents, pdf)
stream.operations.insert(0, [[], "q"])
stream.operations.append([[], "Q"])
return stream
_pushPopGS = staticmethod(_pushPopGS)
def _addTransformationMatrix(contents, pdf, ctm):
# adds transformation matrix at the beginning of the given
# contents stream.
a, b, c, d, e, f = ctm
contents = ContentStream(contents, pdf)
contents.operations.insert(0, [[FloatObject(a), FloatObject(b),
FloatObject(c), FloatObject(d), FloatObject(e),
FloatObject(f)], " cm"])
return contents
_addTransformationMatrix = staticmethod(_addTransformationMatrix)
def getContents(self):
"""
Accesses the page contents.
:return: the ``/Contents`` object, or ``None`` if it doesn't exist.
``/Contents`` is optional, as described in PDF Reference 7.7.3.3
"""
if "/Contents" in self:
return self["/Contents"].getObject()
else:
return None
def mergePage(self, page2):
"""
Merges the content streams of two pages into one. Resource references
(i.e. fonts) are maintained from both pages. The mediabox/cropbox/etc
of this page are not altered. The parameter page's content stream will
be added to the end of this page's content stream, meaning that it will
be drawn after, or "on top" of this page.
:param PageObject page2: The page to be merged into this one. Should be
an instance of :class:`PageObject<PageObject>`.
"""
self._mergePage(page2)
def _mergePage(self, page2, page2transformation=None, ctm=None, expand=False):
# First we work on merging the resource dictionaries. This allows us
# to find out what symbols in the content streams we might need to
# rename.
newResources = DictionaryObject()
rename = {}
originalResources = self["/Resources"].getObject()
page2Resources = page2["/Resources"].getObject()
newAnnots = ArrayObject()
for page in (self, page2):
if "/Annots" in page:
annots = page["/Annots"]
if isinstance(annots, ArrayObject):
for ref in annots:
newAnnots.append(ref)
for res in "/ExtGState", "/Font", "/XObject", "/ColorSpace", "/Pattern", "/Shading", "/Properties":
new, newrename = PageObject._mergeResources(originalResources, page2Resources, res)
if new:
newResources[NameObject(res)] = new
rename.update(newrename)
# Combine /ProcSet sets.
newResources[NameObject("/ProcSet")] = ArrayObject(
frozenset(originalResources.get("/ProcSet", ArrayObject()).getObject()).union(
frozenset(page2Resources.get("/ProcSet", ArrayObject()).getObject())
)
)
newContentArray = ArrayObject()
originalContent = self.getContents()
if originalContent is not None:
newContentArray.append(PageObject._pushPopGS(
originalContent, self.pdf))
page2Content = page2.getContents()
if page2Content is not None:
if page2transformation is not None:
page2Content = page2transformation(page2Content)
page2Content = PageObject._contentStreamRename(
page2Content, rename, self.pdf)
page2Content = PageObject._pushPopGS(page2Content, self.pdf)
newContentArray.append(page2Content)
# if expanding the page to fit a new page, calculate the new media box size
if expand:
corners1 = [self.mediaBox.getLowerLeft_x().as_numeric(), self.mediaBox.getLowerLeft_y().as_numeric(),
self.mediaBox.getUpperRight_x().as_numeric(), self.mediaBox.getUpperRight_y().as_numeric()]
corners2 = [page2.mediaBox.getLowerLeft_x().as_numeric(), page2.mediaBox.getLowerLeft_y().as_numeric(),
page2.mediaBox.getUpperLeft_x().as_numeric(), page2.mediaBox.getUpperLeft_y().as_numeric(),
page2.mediaBox.getUpperRight_x().as_numeric(), page2.mediaBox.getUpperRight_y().as_numeric(),
page2.mediaBox.getLowerRight_x().as_numeric(), page2.mediaBox.getLowerRight_y().as_numeric()]
if ctm is not None:
ctm = [float(x) for x in ctm]
new_x = [ctm[0]*corners2[i] + ctm[2]*corners2[i+1] + ctm[4] for i in range(0, 8, 2)]
new_y = [ctm[1]*corners2[i] + ctm[3]*corners2[i+1] + ctm[5] for i in range(0, 8, 2)]
else:
new_x = corners2[0:8:2]
new_y = corners2[1:8:2]
lowerleft = [min(new_x), min(new_y)]
upperright = [max(new_x), max(new_y)]
lowerleft = [min(corners1[0], lowerleft[0]), min(corners1[1], lowerleft[1])]
upperright = [max(corners1[2], upperright[0]), max(corners1[3], upperright[1])]
self.mediaBox.setLowerLeft(lowerleft)
self.mediaBox.setUpperRight(upperright)
self[NameObject('/Contents')] = ContentStream(newContentArray, self.pdf)
self[NameObject('/Resources')] = newResources
self[NameObject('/Annots')] = newAnnots
def mergeTransformedPage(self, page2, ctm, expand=False):
"""
This is similar to mergePage, but a transformation matrix is
applied to the merged stream.
:param PageObject page2: The page to be merged into this one. Should be
an instance of :class:`PageObject<PageObject>`.
:param tuple ctm: a 6-element tuple containing the operands of the
transformation matrix
:param bool expand: Whether the page should be expanded to fit the dimensions
of the page to be merged.
"""
self._mergePage(page2, lambda page2Content:
PageObject._addTransformationMatrix(page2Content, page2.pdf, ctm), ctm, expand)
def mergeScaledPage(self, page2, scale, expand=False):
"""
This is similar to mergePage, but the stream to be merged is scaled
by appling a transformation matrix.
:param PageObject page2: The page to be merged into this one. Should be
an instance of :class:`PageObject<PageObject>`.
:param float scale: The scaling factor
:param bool expand: Whether the page should be expanded to fit the
dimensions of the page to be merged.
"""
# CTM to scale : [ sx 0 0 sy 0 0 ]
return self.mergeTransformedPage(page2, [scale, 0,
0, scale,
0, 0], expand)
def mergeRotatedPage(self, page2, rotation, expand=False):
"""
This is similar to mergePage, but the stream to be merged is rotated
by appling a transformation matrix.
:param PageObject page2: the page to be merged into this one. Should be
an instance of :class:`PageObject<PageObject>`.
:param float rotation: The angle of the rotation, in degrees
:param bool expand: Whether the page should be expanded to fit the
dimensions of the page to be merged.
"""
rotation = math.radians(rotation)
return self.mergeTransformedPage(page2,
[math.cos(rotation), math.sin(rotation),
-math.sin(rotation), math.cos(rotation),
0, 0], expand)
def mergeTranslatedPage(self, page2, tx, ty, expand=False):
"""
This is similar to mergePage, but the stream to be merged is translated
by appling a transformation matrix.
:param PageObject page2: the page to be merged into this one. Should be
an instance of :class:`PageObject<PageObject>`.
:param float tx: The translation on X axis
:param float ty: The translation on Y axis
:param bool expand: Whether the page should be expanded to fit the
dimensions of the page to be merged.
"""
return self.mergeTransformedPage(page2, [1, 0,
0, 1,
tx, ty], expand)
def mergeRotatedTranslatedPage(self, page2, rotation, tx, ty, expand=False):
"""
This is similar to mergePage, but the stream to be merged is rotated
and translated by appling a transformation matrix.
:param PageObject page2: the page to be merged into this one. Should be
an instance of :class:`PageObject<PageObject>`.
:param float tx: The translation on X axis
:param float ty: The translation on Y axis
:param float rotation: The angle of the rotation, in degrees
:param bool expand: Whether the page should be expanded to fit the
dimensions of the page to be merged.
"""
translation = [[1, 0, 0],
[0, 1, 0],
[-tx, -ty, 1]]
rotation = math.radians(rotation)
rotating = [[math.cos(rotation), math.sin(rotation), 0],
[-math.sin(rotation), math.cos(rotation), 0],
[0, 0, 1]]
rtranslation = [[1, 0, 0],
[0, 1, 0],
[tx, ty, 1]]
ctm = utils.matrixMultiply(translation, rotating)
ctm = utils.matrixMultiply(ctm, rtranslation)
return self.mergeTransformedPage(page2, [ctm[0][0], ctm[0][1],
ctm[1][0], ctm[1][1],
ctm[2][0], ctm[2][1]], expand)
def mergeRotatedScaledPage(self, page2, rotation, scale, expand=False):
"""
This is similar to mergePage, but the stream to be merged is rotated
and scaled by appling a transformation matrix.
:param PageObject page2: the page to be merged into this one. Should be
an instance of :class:`PageObject<PageObject>`.
:param float rotation: The angle of the rotation, in degrees
:param float scale: The scaling factor
:param bool expand: Whether the page should be expanded to fit the
dimensions of the page to be merged.
"""
rotation = math.radians(rotation)
rotating = [[math.cos(rotation), math.sin(rotation), 0],
[-math.sin(rotation), math.cos(rotation), 0],
[0, 0, 1]]
scaling = [[scale, 0, 0],
[0, scale, 0],
[0, 0, 1]]
ctm = utils.matrixMultiply(rotating, scaling)
return self.mergeTransformedPage(page2,
[ctm[0][0], ctm[0][1],
ctm[1][0], ctm[1][1],
ctm[2][0], ctm[2][1]], expand)
def mergeScaledTranslatedPage(self, page2, scale, tx, ty, expand=False):
"""
This is similar to mergePage, but the stream to be merged is translated
and scaled by appling a transformation matrix.
:param PageObject page2: the page to be merged into this one. Should be
an instance of :class:`PageObject<PageObject>`.
:param float scale: The scaling factor
:param float tx: The translation on X axis
:param float ty: The translation on Y axis
:param bool expand: Whether the page should be expanded to fit the
dimensions of the page to be merged.
"""
translation = [[1, 0, 0],
[0, 1, 0],
[tx, ty, 1]]
scaling = [[scale, 0, 0],
[0, scale, 0],
[0, 0, 1]]
ctm = utils.matrixMultiply(scaling, translation)
return self.mergeTransformedPage(page2, [ctm[0][0], ctm[0][1],
ctm[1][0], ctm[1][1],
ctm[2][0], ctm[2][1]], expand)
def mergeRotatedScaledTranslatedPage(self, page2, rotation, scale, tx, ty, expand=False):
"""
This is similar to mergePage, but the stream to be merged is translated,
rotated and scaled by appling a transformation matrix.
:param PageObject page2: the page to be merged into this one. Should be
an instance of :class:`PageObject<PageObject>`.
:param float tx: The translation on X axis
:param float ty: The translation on Y axis
:param float rotation: The angle of the rotation, in degrees
:param float scale: The scaling factor
:param bool expand: Whether the page should be expanded to fit the
dimensions of the page to be merged.
"""
translation = [[1, 0, 0],
[0, 1, 0],
[tx, ty, 1]]
rotation = math.radians(rotation)
rotating = [[math.cos(rotation), math.sin(rotation), 0],
[-math.sin(rotation), math.cos(rotation), 0],
[0, 0, 1]]
scaling = [[scale, 0, 0],
[0, scale, 0],
[0, 0, 1]]
ctm = utils.matrixMultiply(rotating, scaling)
ctm = utils.matrixMultiply(ctm, translation)
return self.mergeTransformedPage(page2, [ctm[0][0], ctm[0][1],
ctm[1][0], ctm[1][1],
ctm[2][0], ctm[2][1]], expand)
##
# Applys a transformation matrix the page.
#
# @param ctm A 6 elements tuple containing the operands of the
# transformation matrix
def addTransformation(self, ctm):
"""
Applies a transformation matrix to the page.
:param tuple ctm: A 6-element tuple containing the operands of the
transformation matrix.
"""
originalContent = self.getContents()
if originalContent is not None:
newContent = PageObject._addTransformationMatrix(
originalContent, self.pdf, ctm)
newContent = PageObject._pushPopGS(newContent, self.pdf)
self[NameObject('/Contents')] = newContent
def scale(self, sx, sy):
"""
Scales a page by the given factors by appling a transformation
matrix to its content and updating the page size.
:param float sx: The scaling factor on horizontal axis.
:param float sy: The scaling factor on vertical axis.
"""
self.addTransformation([sx, 0,
0, sy,
0, 0])
self.mediaBox = RectangleObject([
float(self.mediaBox.getLowerLeft_x()) * sx,
float(self.mediaBox.getLowerLeft_y()) * sy,
float(self.mediaBox.getUpperRight_x()) * sx,
float(self.mediaBox.getUpperRight_y()) * sy])
if "/VP" in self:
viewport = self["/VP"]
if isinstance(viewport, ArrayObject):
bbox = viewport[0]["/BBox"]
else:
bbox = viewport["/BBox"]
scaled_bbox = RectangleObject([
float(bbox[0]) * sx,
float(bbox[1]) * sy,
float(bbox[2]) * sx,
float(bbox[3]) * sy])
if isinstance(viewport, ArrayObject):
self[NameObject("/VP")][NumberObject(0)][NameObject("/BBox")] = scaled_bbox
else:
self[NameObject("/VP")][NameObject("/BBox")] = scaled_bbox
def scaleBy(self, factor):
"""
Scales a page by the given factor by appling a transformation
matrix to its content and updating the page size.
:param float factor: The scaling factor (for both X and Y axis).
"""
self.scale(factor, factor)
def scaleTo(self, width, height):
"""
Scales a page to the specified dimentions by appling a
transformation matrix to its content and updating the page size.
:param float width: The new width.
:param float height: The new heigth.
"""
sx = width / float(self.mediaBox.getUpperRight_x() -
self.mediaBox.getLowerLeft_x ())
sy = height / float(self.mediaBox.getUpperRight_y() -
self.mediaBox.getLowerLeft_y ())
self.scale(sx, sy)
def compressContentStreams(self):
"""
Compresses the size of this page by joining all content streams and
applying a FlateDecode filter.
However, it is possible that this function will perform no action if
content stream compression becomes "automatic" for some reason.
"""
content = self.getContents()
if content is not None:
if not isinstance(content, ContentStream):
content = ContentStream(content, self.pdf)
self[NameObject("/Contents")] = content.flateEncode()
def extractText(self):
"""
Locate all text drawing commands, in the order they are provided in the
content stream, and extract the text. This works well for some PDF
files, but poorly for others, depending on the generator used. This will
be refined in the future. Do not rely on the order of text coming out of
this function, as it will change if this function is made more
sophisticated.
:return: a unicode string object.
"""
text = u_("")
content = self["/Contents"].getObject()
if not isinstance(content, ContentStream):
content = ContentStream(content, self.pdf)
# Note: we check all strings are TextStringObjects. ByteStringObjects
# are strings where the byte->string encoding was unknown, so adding
# them to the text here would be gibberish.
for operands, operator in content.operations:
if operator == b_("Tj"):
_text = operands[0]
if isinstance(_text, TextStringObject):
text += _text
elif operator == b_("T*"):
text += "\n"
elif operator == b_("'"):
text += "\n"
_text = operands[0]
if isinstance(_text, TextStringObject):
text += operands[0]
elif operator == b_('"'):
_text = operands[2]
if isinstance(_text, TextStringObject):
text += "\n"
text += _text
elif operator == b_("TJ"):
for i in operands[0]:
if isinstance(i, TextStringObject):
text += i
text += "\n"
return text
mediaBox = createRectangleAccessor("/MediaBox", ())
"""
A :class:`RectangleObject<PyPDF2.generic.RectangleObject>`, expressed in default user space units,
defining the boundaries of the physical medium on which the page is
intended to be displayed or printed.
"""
cropBox = createRectangleAccessor("/CropBox", ("/MediaBox",))
"""
A :class:`RectangleObject<PyPDF2.generic.RectangleObject>`, expressed in default user space units,
defining the visible region of default user space. When the page is
displayed or printed, its contents are to be clipped (cropped) to this
rectangle and then imposed on the output medium in some
implementation-defined manner. Default value: same as :attr:`mediaBox<mediaBox>`.
"""
bleedBox = createRectangleAccessor("/BleedBox", ("/CropBox", "/MediaBox"))
"""
A :class:`RectangleObject<PyPDF2.generic.RectangleObject>`, expressed in default user space units,
defining the region to which the contents of the page should be clipped
when output in a production enviroment.
"""
trimBox = createRectangleAccessor("/TrimBox", ("/CropBox", "/MediaBox"))
"""
A :class:`RectangleObject<PyPDF2.generic.RectangleObject>`, expressed in default user space units,
defining the intended dimensions of the finished page after trimming.
"""
artBox = createRectangleAccessor("/ArtBox", ("/CropBox", "/MediaBox"))
"""
A :class:`RectangleObject<PyPDF2.generic.RectangleObject>`, expressed in default user space units,
defining the extent of the page's meaningful content as intended by the
page's creator.
"""
class ContentStream(DecodedStreamObject):
def __init__(self, stream, pdf):
self.pdf = pdf
self.operations = []
# stream may be a StreamObject or an ArrayObject containing
# multiple StreamObjects to be cat'd together.
stream = stream.getObject()
if isinstance(stream, ArrayObject):
data = b_("")
for s in stream:
data += s.getObject().getData()
stream = BytesIO(b_(data))
else:
stream = BytesIO(b_(stream.getData()))
self.__parseContentStream(stream)
def __parseContentStream(self, stream):
# file("f:\\tmp.txt", "w").write(stream.read())
stream.seek(0, 0)
operands = []
while True:
peek = readNonWhitespace(stream)
if peek == b_('') or ord_(peek) == 0:
break
stream.seek(-1, 1)
if peek.isalpha() or peek == b_("'") or peek == b_('"'):
operator = utils.readUntilRegex(stream,
NameObject.delimiterPattern, True)
if operator == b_("BI"):
# begin inline image - a completely different parsing
# mechanism is required, of course... thanks buddy...
assert operands == []
ii = self._readInlineImage(stream)
self.operations.append((ii, b_("INLINE IMAGE")))
else:
self.operations.append((operands, operator))
operands = []
elif peek == b_('%'):
# If we encounter a comment in the content stream, we have to
# handle it here. Typically, readObject will handle
# encountering a comment -- but readObject assumes that
# following the comment must be the object we're trying to
# read. In this case, it could be an operator instead.
while peek not in (b_('\r'), b_('\n')):
peek = stream.read(1)
else:
operands.append(readObject(stream, None))
def _readInlineImage(self, stream):
# begin reading just after the "BI" - begin image
# first read the dictionary of settings.
settings = DictionaryObject()
while True:
tok = readNonWhitespace(stream)
stream.seek(-1, 1)
if tok == b_("I"):
# "ID" - begin of image data
break
key = readObject(stream, self.pdf)
tok = readNonWhitespace(stream)
stream.seek(-1, 1)
value = readObject(stream, self.pdf)
settings[key] = value
# left at beginning of ID
tmp = stream.read(3)
assert tmp[:2] == b_("ID")
data = b_("")
while True:
# Read the inline image, while checking for EI (End Image) operator.
tok = stream.read(1)
if tok == b_("E"):
# Check for End Image
tok2 = stream.read(1)
if tok2 == b_("I"):
# Data can contain EI, so check for the Q operator.
tok3 = stream.read(1)
info = tok + tok2
# We need to find whitespace between EI and Q.
has_q_whitespace = False
while tok3 in utils.WHITESPACES:
has_q_whitespace = True
info += tok3
tok3 = stream.read(1)
if tok3 == b_("Q") and has_q_whitespace:
stream.seek(-1, 1)
break
else:
stream.seek(-1,1)
data += info
else:
stream.seek(-1, 1)
data += tok
else:
data += tok
return {"settings": settings, "data": data}
def _getData(self):
newdata = BytesIO()
for operands, operator in self.operations:
if operator == b_("INLINE IMAGE"):
newdata.write(b_("BI"))
dicttext = BytesIO()
operands["settings"].writeToStream(dicttext, None)
newdata.write(dicttext.getvalue()[2:-2])
newdata.write(b_("ID "))
newdata.write(operands["data"])
newdata.write(b_("EI"))
else:
for op in operands:
op.writeToStream(newdata, None)
newdata.write(b_(" "))
newdata.write(b_(operator))
newdata.write(b_("\n"))
return newdata.getvalue()
def _setData(self, value):
self.__parseContentStream(BytesIO(b_(value)))
_data = property(_getData, _setData)
class DocumentInformation(DictionaryObject):
"""
A class representing the basic document metadata provided in a PDF File.
This class is accessible through
:meth:`getDocumentInfo()<PyPDF2.PdfFileReader.getDocumentInfo()>`
All text properties of the document metadata have
*two* properties, eg. author and author_raw. The non-raw property will
always return a ``TextStringObject``, making it ideal for a case where
the metadata is being displayed. The raw property can sometimes return
a ``ByteStringObject``, if PyPDF2 was unable to decode the string's
text encoding; this requires additional safety in the caller and
therefore is not as commonly accessed.
"""
def __init__(self):
DictionaryObject.__init__(self)
def getText(self, key):
retval = self.get(key, None)
if isinstance(retval, TextStringObject):
return retval
return None
title = property(lambda self: self.getText("/Title"))
"""Read-only property accessing the document's **title**.
Returns a unicode string (``TextStringObject``) or ``None``
if the title is not specified."""
title_raw = property(lambda self: self.get("/Title"))
"""The "raw" version of title; can return a ``ByteStringObject``."""
author = property(lambda self: self.getText("/Author"))
"""Read-only property accessing the document's **author**.
Returns a unicode string (``TextStringObject``) or ``None``
if the author is not specified."""
author_raw = property(lambda self: self.get("/Author"))
"""The "raw" version of author; can return a ``ByteStringObject``."""
subject = property(lambda self: self.getText("/Subject"))
"""Read-only property accessing the document's **subject**.
Returns a unicode string (``TextStringObject``) or ``None``
if the subject is not specified."""
subject_raw = property(lambda self: self.get("/Subject"))
"""The "raw" version of subject; can return a ``ByteStringObject``."""
creator = property(lambda self: self.getText("/Creator"))
"""Read-only property accessing the document's **creator**. If the
document was converted to PDF from another format, this is the name of the
application (e.g. OpenOffice) that created the original document from
which it was converted. Returns a unicode string (``TextStringObject``)
or ``None`` if the creator is not specified."""
creator_raw = property(lambda self: self.get("/Creator"))
"""The "raw" version of creator; can return a ``ByteStringObject``."""
producer = property(lambda self: self.getText("/Producer"))
"""Read-only property accessing the document's **producer**.
If the document was converted to PDF from another format, this is
the name of the application (for example, OSX Quartz) that converted
it to PDF. Returns a unicode string (``TextStringObject``)
or ``None`` if the producer is not specified."""
producer_raw = property(lambda self: self.get("/Producer"))
"""The "raw" version of producer; can return a ``ByteStringObject``."""
def convertToInt(d, size):
if size > 8:
raise utils.PdfReadError("invalid size in convertToInt")
d = b_("\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00") + b_(d)
d = d[-8:]
return struct.unpack(">q", d)[0]
# ref: pdf1.8 spec section 3.5.2 algorithm 3.2
_encryption_padding = b_('\x28\xbf\x4e\x5e\x4e\x75\x8a\x41\x64\x00\x4e\x56') + \
b_('\xff\xfa\x01\x08\x2e\x2e\x00\xb6\xd0\x68\x3e\x80\x2f\x0c') + \
b_('\xa9\xfe\x64\x53\x69\x7a')
# Implementation of algorithm 3.2 of the PDF standard security handler,
# section 3.5.2 of the PDF 1.6 reference.
def _alg32(password, rev, keylen, owner_entry, p_entry, id1_entry, metadata_encrypt=True):
# 1. Pad or truncate the password string to exactly 32 bytes. If the
# password string is more than 32 bytes long, use only its first 32 bytes;
# if it is less than 32 bytes long, pad it by appending the required number
# of additional bytes from the beginning of the padding string
# (_encryption_padding).
password = b_((str_(password) + str_(_encryption_padding))[:32])
# 2. Initialize the MD5 hash function and pass the result of step 1 as
# input to this function.
import struct
m = md5(password)
# 3. Pass the value of the encryption dictionary's /O entry to the MD5 hash
# function.
m.update(owner_entry.original_bytes)
# 4. Treat the value of the /P entry as an unsigned 4-byte integer and pass
# these bytes to the MD5 hash function, low-order byte first.
p_entry = struct.pack('<i', p_entry)
m.update(p_entry)
# 5. Pass the first element of the file's file identifier array to the MD5
# hash function.
m.update(id1_entry.original_bytes)
# 6. (Revision 3 or greater) If document metadata is not being encrypted,
# pass 4 bytes with the value 0xFFFFFFFF to the MD5 hash function.
if rev >= 3 and not metadata_encrypt:
m.update(b_("\xff\xff\xff\xff"))
# 7. Finish the hash.
md5_hash = m.digest()
# 8. (Revision 3 or greater) Do the following 50 times: Take the output
# from the previous MD5 hash and pass the first n bytes of the output as
# input into a new MD5 hash, where n is the number of bytes of the
# encryption key as defined by the value of the encryption dictionary's
# /Length entry.
if rev >= 3:
for i in range(50):
md5_hash = md5(md5_hash[:keylen]).digest()
# 9. Set the encryption key to the first n bytes of the output from the
# final MD5 hash, where n is always 5 for revision 2 but, for revision 3 or
# greater, depends on the value of the encryption dictionary's /Length
# entry.
return md5_hash[:keylen]
# Implementation of algorithm 3.3 of the PDF standard security handler,
# section 3.5.2 of the PDF 1.6 reference.
def _alg33(owner_pwd, user_pwd, rev, keylen):
# steps 1 - 4
key = _alg33_1(owner_pwd, rev, keylen)
# 5. Pad or truncate the user password string as described in step 1 of
# algorithm 3.2.
user_pwd = b_((user_pwd + str_(_encryption_padding))[:32])
# 6. Encrypt the result of step 5, using an RC4 encryption function with
# the encryption key obtained in step 4.
val = utils.RC4_encrypt(key, user_pwd)
# 7. (Revision 3 or greater) Do the following 19 times: Take the output
# from the previous invocation of the RC4 function and pass it as input to
# a new invocation of the function; use an encryption key generated by
# taking each byte of the encryption key obtained in step 4 and performing
# an XOR operation between that byte and the single-byte value of the
# iteration counter (from 1 to 19).
if rev >= 3:
for i in range(1, 20):
new_key = ''
for l in range(len(key)):
new_key += chr(ord_(key[l]) ^ i)
val = utils.RC4_encrypt(new_key, val)
# 8. Store the output from the final invocation of the RC4 as the value of
# the /O entry in the encryption dictionary.
return val
# Steps 1-4 of algorithm 3.3
def _alg33_1(password, rev, keylen):
# 1. Pad or truncate the owner password string as described in step 1 of
# algorithm 3.2. If there is no owner password, use the user password
# instead.
password = b_((password + str_(_encryption_padding))[:32])
# 2. Initialize the MD5 hash function and pass the result of step 1 as
# input to this function.
m = md5(password)
# 3. (Revision 3 or greater) Do the following 50 times: Take the output
# from the previous MD5 hash and pass it as input into a new MD5 hash.
md5_hash = m.digest()
if rev >= 3:
for i in range(50):
md5_hash = md5(md5_hash).digest()
# 4. Create an RC4 encryption key using the first n bytes of the output
# from the final MD5 hash, where n is always 5 for revision 2 but, for
# revision 3 or greater, depends on the value of the encryption
# dictionary's /Length entry.
key = md5_hash[:keylen]
return key
# Implementation of algorithm 3.4 of the PDF standard security handler,
# section 3.5.2 of the PDF 1.6 reference.
def _alg34(password, owner_entry, p_entry, id1_entry):
# 1. Create an encryption key based on the user password string, as
# described in algorithm 3.2.
key = _alg32(password, 2, 5, owner_entry, p_entry, id1_entry)
# 2. Encrypt the 32-byte padding string shown in step 1 of algorithm 3.2,
# using an RC4 encryption function with the encryption key from the
# preceding step.
U = utils.RC4_encrypt(key, _encryption_padding)
# 3. Store the result of step 2 as the value of the /U entry in the
# encryption dictionary.
return U, key
# Implementation of algorithm 3.4 of the PDF standard security handler,
# section 3.5.2 of the PDF 1.6 reference.
def _alg35(password, rev, keylen, owner_entry, p_entry, id1_entry, metadata_encrypt):
# 1. Create an encryption key based on the user password string, as
# described in Algorithm 3.2.
key = _alg32(password, rev, keylen, owner_entry, p_entry, id1_entry)
# 2. Initialize the MD5 hash function and pass the 32-byte padding string
# shown in step 1 of Algorithm 3.2 as input to this function.
m = md5()
m.update(_encryption_padding)
# 3. Pass the first element of the file's file identifier array (the value
# of the ID entry in the document's trailer dictionary; see Table 3.13 on
# page 73) to the hash function and finish the hash. (See implementation
# note 25 in Appendix H.)
m.update(id1_entry.original_bytes)
md5_hash = m.digest()
# 4. Encrypt the 16-byte result of the hash, using an RC4 encryption
# function with the encryption key from step 1.
val = utils.RC4_encrypt(key, md5_hash)
# 5. Do the following 19 times: Take the output from the previous
# invocation of the RC4 function and pass it as input to a new invocation
# of the function; use an encryption key generated by taking each byte of
# the original encryption key (obtained in step 2) and performing an XOR
# operation between that byte and the single-byte value of the iteration
# counter (from 1 to 19).
for i in range(1, 20):
new_key = b_('')
for l in range(len(key)):
new_key += b_(chr(ord_(key[l]) ^ i))
val = utils.RC4_encrypt(new_key, val)
# 6. Append 16 bytes of arbitrary padding to the output from the final
# invocation of the RC4 function and store the 32-byte result as the value
# of the U entry in the encryption dictionary.
# (implementator note: I don't know what "arbitrary padding" is supposed to
# mean, so I have used null bytes. This seems to match a few other
# people's implementations)
return val + (b_('\x00') * 16), key
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