diff --git a/core/modules/editor/engines/framed.js b/core/modules/editor/engines/framed.js
index 9b1c8cd81..bf0ae2a1f 100644
--- a/core/modules/editor/engines/framed.js
+++ b/core/modules/editor/engines/framed.js
@@ -69,6 +69,9 @@ function FramedEngine(options) {
 	if(this.widget.editRows) {
 		this.domNode.setAttribute("rows",this.widget.editRows);
 	}
+	if(this.widget.editDir) {
+		this.domNode.setAttribute("dir",this.widget.editDir);
+	}
 	if(this.widget.editTabIndex) {
 		this.iframeNode.setAttribute("tabindex",this.widget.editTabIndex);
 	}
@@ -117,6 +120,7 @@ FramedEngine.prototype.copyStyles = function() {
 	this.domNode.style["-webkit-text-fill-color"] = "currentcolor";
 	// Ensure we don't force text direction to LTR
 	this.domNode.style.removeProperty("direction");
+	this.domNode.style.removeProperty("unicodeBidi");
 };
 
 /*
diff --git a/core/modules/editor/engines/simple.js b/core/modules/editor/engines/simple.js
index 93f021522..99b31005b 100644
--- a/core/modules/editor/engines/simple.js
+++ b/core/modules/editor/engines/simple.js
@@ -49,6 +49,9 @@ function SimpleEngine(options) {
 	if(this.widget.editTabIndex) {
 		this.domNode.setAttribute("tabindex",this.widget.editTabIndex);
 	}
+	if(this.widget.editDir) {
+		this.domNode.setAttribute("dir",this.widget.editDir);
+	}
 	if(this.widget.editAutoComplete) {
 		this.domNode.setAttribute("autocomplete",this.widget.editAutoComplete);
 	}
diff --git a/core/modules/editor/factory.js b/core/modules/editor/factory.js
index 984cc76ba..d3604e7c5 100644
--- a/core/modules/editor/factory.js
+++ b/core/modules/editor/factory.js
@@ -180,6 +180,7 @@ function editTextWidgetFactory(toolbarEngine,nonToolbarEngine) {
 		this.editFocusSelectFromStart = $tw.utils.parseNumber(this.getAttribute("focusSelectFromStart","0"));
 		this.editFocusSelectFromEnd = $tw.utils.parseNumber(this.getAttribute("focusSelectFromEnd","0"));
 		this.editTabIndex = this.getAttribute("tabindex");
+		this.editDir = this.getAttribute("dir");
 		this.editCancelPopups = this.getAttribute("cancelPopups","") === "yes";
 		this.editInputActions = this.getAttribute("inputActions");
 		this.editRefreshTitle = this.getAttribute("refreshTitle");
@@ -217,7 +218,7 @@ function editTextWidgetFactory(toolbarEngine,nonToolbarEngine) {
 	EditTextWidget.prototype.refresh = function(changedTiddlers) {
 		var changedAttributes = this.computeAttributes();
 		// Completely rerender if any of our attributes have changed
-		if(changedAttributes.tiddler || changedAttributes.field || changedAttributes.index || changedAttributes["default"] || changedAttributes["class"] || changedAttributes.placeholder || changedAttributes.size || changedAttributes.autoHeight || changedAttributes.minHeight || changedAttributes.focusPopup ||  changedAttributes.rows || changedAttributes.tabindex || changedAttributes.cancelPopups || changedAttributes.inputActions || changedAttributes.refreshTitle || changedAttributes.autocomplete || changedTiddlers[HEIGHT_MODE_TITLE] || changedTiddlers[ENABLE_TOOLBAR_TITLE] || changedTiddlers["$:/palette"] || changedAttributes.disabled || changedAttributes.fileDrop) {
+		if(changedAttributes.tiddler || changedAttributes.field || changedAttributes.index || changedAttributes["default"] || changedAttributes["class"] || changedAttributes.placeholder || changedAttributes.size || changedAttributes.autoHeight || changedAttributes.minHeight || changedAttributes.focusPopup ||  changedAttributes.rows || changedAttributes.tabindex || changedAttributes.dir || changedAttributes.cancelPopups || changedAttributes.inputActions || changedAttributes.refreshTitle || changedAttributes.autocomplete || changedTiddlers[HEIGHT_MODE_TITLE] || changedTiddlers[ENABLE_TOOLBAR_TITLE] || changedTiddlers["$:/palette"]  || changedAttributes.disabled || changedAttributes.fileDrop) {
 			this.refreshSelf();
 			return true;
 		} else if (changedTiddlers[this.editRefreshTitle]) {
diff --git a/core/modules/parsers/wikiparser/rules/dir.js b/core/modules/parsers/wikiparser/rules/dir.js
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..e30fe7a47
--- /dev/null
+++ b/core/modules/parsers/wikiparser/rules/dir.js
@@ -0,0 +1,51 @@
+/*\
+title: $:/core/modules/parsers/wikiparser/rules/dir.js
+type: application/javascript
+module-type: wikirule
+
+Wiki pragma rule for specifying text direction
+
+```
+\dir rtl
+\dir ltr
+\dir auto
+```
+
+\*/
+(function(){
+
+/*jslint node: true, browser: true */
+/*global $tw: false */
+"use strict";
+
+exports.name = "dir";
+exports.types = {pragma: true};
+
+/*
+Instantiate parse rule
+*/
+exports.init = function(parser) {
+	this.parser = parser;
+	// Regexp to match
+	this.matchRegExp = /^\\dir[^\S\n]*(\S+)\r?\n/mg;
+};
+
+/*
+Parse the most recent match
+*/
+exports.parse = function() {
+	var self = this;
+	// Move past the pragma invocation
+	this.parser.pos = this.matchRegExp.lastIndex;
+	// Parse tree nodes to return
+	return [{
+		type: "element",
+		tag: this.parser.parseAsInline ? "span" : "div",
+		attributes: {
+			dir: {type: "string", value: this.match[1]}
+		},
+		children: []
+	}];
+};
+
+})();
diff --git a/core/modules/parsers/wikiparser/wikiparser.js b/core/modules/parsers/wikiparser/wikiparser.js
index 3d1379fd4..b393a017f 100644
--- a/core/modules/parsers/wikiparser/wikiparser.js
+++ b/core/modules/parsers/wikiparser/wikiparser.js
@@ -33,6 +33,7 @@ options: see below:
 */
 var WikiParser = function(type,text,options) {
 	this.wiki = options.wiki;
+	this.parseAsInline = options.parseAsInline;
 	var self = this;
 	// Check for an externally linked tiddler
 	if($tw.browser && (text || "") === "" && options._canonical_uri) {
@@ -256,7 +257,7 @@ WikiParser.prototype.parseBlock = function(terminatorRegExpString) {
 	var start = this.pos;
 	var children = this.parseInlineRun(terminatorRegExp);
 	var end = this.pos;
-	return [{type: "element", tag: "p", children: children, start: start, end: end }];
+	return [{type: "element", tag: "p", attributes: {dir: {type: "string", value: "auto"}}, children: children, start: start, end: end }];
 };
 
 /*
diff --git a/core/modules/widgets/reveal.js b/core/modules/widgets/reveal.js
index f57f1cf42..22383750b 100755
--- a/core/modules/widgets/reveal.js
+++ b/core/modules/widgets/reveal.js
@@ -39,6 +39,9 @@ RevealWidget.prototype.render = function(parent,nextSibling) {
 	if(this.style) {
 		domNode.setAttribute("style",this.style);
 	}
+	if(this.direction) {
+		domNode.setAttribute("dir",this.direction);
+	}
 	parent.insertBefore(domNode,nextSibling);
 	this.renderChildren(domNode,null);
 	if(!domNode.isTiddlyWikiFakeDom && this.type === "popup" && this.isOpen) {
@@ -120,6 +123,7 @@ RevealWidget.prototype.execute = function() {
 	this["default"] = this.getAttribute("default","");
 	this.animate = this.getAttribute("animate","no");
 	this.retain = this.getAttribute("retain","no");
+	this.direction = this.getAttribute("dir");
 	this.openAnimation = this.animate === "no" ? undefined : "open";
 	this.closeAnimation = this.animate === "no" ? undefined : "close";
 	this.updatePopupPosition = this.getAttribute("updatePopupPosition","no") === "yes";
@@ -211,7 +215,7 @@ Selectively refreshes the widget if needed. Returns true if the widget or any of
 */
 RevealWidget.prototype.refresh = function(changedTiddlers) {
 	var changedAttributes = this.computeAttributes();
-	if(changedAttributes.state || changedAttributes.type || changedAttributes.text || changedAttributes.position || changedAttributes.positionAllowNegative || changedAttributes["default"] || changedAttributes.animate || changedAttributes.stateTitle || changedAttributes.stateField || changedAttributes.stateIndex) {
+	if(changedAttributes.state || changedAttributes.type || changedAttributes.text || changedAttributes.position || changedAttributes.positionAllowNegative || changedAttributes["default"] || changedAttributes.animate || changedAttributes.stateTitle || changedAttributes.stateField || changedAttributes.stateIndex || changedAttributes.dir) {
 		this.refreshSelf();
 		return true;
 	} else {
diff --git a/core/modules/widgets/transclude.js b/core/modules/widgets/transclude.js
index 9bec28b07..84f60c6e8 100755
--- a/core/modules/widgets/transclude.js
+++ b/core/modules/widgets/transclude.js
@@ -267,6 +267,9 @@ TranscludeWidget.prototype.parseTransclusionTarget = function(parseAsInline) {
 						parser.tree[0] = {
 							type: "element",
 							tag: "p",
+							attributes: {
+								dir: {type: "string", value: "auto"}
+							},
 							children: [{
 								type: "text",
 								text: this.transcludeFunctionResult
diff --git a/core/templates/single.tiddler.window.tid b/core/templates/single.tiddler.window.tid
index aa5175c01..48ce49247 100644
--- a/core/templates/single.tiddler.window.tid
+++ b/core/templates/single.tiddler.window.tid
@@ -12,7 +12,8 @@ tc-page-container tc-page-view-$(storyviewTitle)$ tc-language-$(languageTitle)$
 	tv-config-toolbar-class={{$:/config/Toolbar/ButtonClass}}
 	tv-show-missing-links={{$:/config/MissingLinks}}
 	storyviewTitle={{$:/view}}
-	languageTitle={{{ [{$:/language}get[name]] }}}>
+	languageTitle={{{ [{$:/language}get[name]] }}}
+	tv-text-direction={{$:/config/DefaultTextDirection}}>
 
 <div class=<<containerClasses>>>
 
diff --git a/core/ui/EditTemplate.tid b/core/ui/EditTemplate.tid
index 6ad84a139..2dd78cd6c 100644
--- a/core/ui/EditTemplate.tid
+++ b/core/ui/EditTemplate.tid
@@ -30,6 +30,7 @@ title: $:/core/ui/EditTemplate
 	data-tiddler-title=<<currentTiddler>>
 	data-tags={{!!tags}}
 	class={{{ [all[shadows+tiddlers]tag[$:/tags/ClassFilters/TiddlerTemplate]!is[draft]] :map:flat[subfilter{!!text}] tc-tiddler-frame tc-tiddler-edit-frame [<currentTiddler>is[tiddler]then[tc-tiddler-exists]] [<currentTiddler>is[missing]!is[shadow]then[tc-tiddler-missing]] [<currentTiddler>is[shadow]then[tc-tiddler-exists tc-tiddler-shadow]] [<currentTiddler>is[system]then[tc-tiddler-system]] [{!!class}] [<currentTiddler>tags[]encodeuricomponent[]addprefix[tc-tagged-]] +[join[ ]] }}}
+	dir=<<tv-text-direction>>
 	role="region"
 	aria-label={{$:/language/EditTemplate/Caption}}>
 <$fieldmangler>
diff --git a/core/ui/EditTemplate/body-editor.tid b/core/ui/EditTemplate/body-editor.tid
index 374567acd..8d17c498e 100644
--- a/core/ui/EditTemplate/body-editor.tid
+++ b/core/ui/EditTemplate/body-editor.tid
@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@ title: $:/core/ui/EditTemplate/body/editor
   placeholder={{$:/language/EditTemplate/Body/Placeholder}}
   tabindex={{$:/config/EditTabIndex}}
   focus={{{ [{$:/config/AutoFocus}match[text]then[true]] ~[[false]] }}}
+  dir=<<tv-text-direction>>
   cancelPopups="yes"
   fileDrop={{{ [{$:/config/DragAndDrop/Enable}match[no]] :else[subfilter{$:/config/Editor/EnableImportFilter}then[yes]else[no]] }}}
 
diff --git a/core/ui/EditTemplate/body/default.tid b/core/ui/EditTemplate/body/default.tid
index d004032f1..65a570049 100644
--- a/core/ui/EditTemplate/body/default.tid
+++ b/core/ui/EditTemplate/body/default.tid
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ $:/config/EditorToolbarButtons/Visibility/$(currentTiddler)$
 	importState=<<qualify $:/state/ImportImage>> >
 <$dropzone importTitle=<<importTitle>> autoOpenOnImport="no" contentTypesFilter={{$:/config/Editor/ImportContentTypesFilter}} class="tc-dropzone-editor" enable={{{ [{$:/config/DragAndDrop/Enable}match[no]] :else[subfilter{$:/config/Editor/EnableImportFilter}then[yes]else[no]] }}} filesOnly="yes" actions=<<importFileActions>> >
 <div>
-<div class={{{ [<edit-preview-state>match[yes]then[tc-tiddler-preview]else[tc-tiddler-preview-hidden]] [[tc-tiddler-editor]] +[join[ ]] }}}>
+<div class={{{ [<edit-preview-state>match[yes]then[tc-tiddler-preview]else[tc-tiddler-preview-hidden]] [[tc-tiddler-editor]] +[join[ ]] }}} dir=<<tv-text-direction>>>
 
 <$transclude tiddler="$:/core/ui/EditTemplate/body/editor" mode="inline"/>
 
diff --git a/core/ui/EditTemplate/controls.tid b/core/ui/EditTemplate/controls.tid
index 3bb90aac1..c9758b2ac 100644
--- a/core/ui/EditTemplate/controls.tid
+++ b/core/ui/EditTemplate/controls.tid
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ tags: $:/tags/EditTemplate
 
 \define config-title() $:/config/EditToolbarButtons/Visibility/$(listItem)$
 \whitespace trim
-<div class="tc-tiddler-title tc-tiddler-edit-title tc-clearfix">
+<div class="tc-tiddler-title tc-tiddler-edit-title tc-clearfix" dir=<<tv-text-direction>> >
 	<$view field="title"/>
 	<span class="tc-tiddler-controls tc-titlebar">
 		<$list filter="[all[shadows+tiddlers]tag[$:/tags/EditToolbar]!has[draft.of]]" variable="listItem">
diff --git a/core/ui/EditTemplate/fields.tid b/core/ui/EditTemplate/fields.tid
index 9eedad1fa..da3ce9948 100644
--- a/core/ui/EditTemplate/fields.tid
+++ b/core/ui/EditTemplate/fields.tid
@@ -71,7 +71,7 @@ $value={{{ [subfilter<get-field-value-tiddler-filter>get[text]] }}}/>
 \whitespace trim
 
 <$set name="newFieldValueTiddlerPrefix" value=<<newFieldValueTiddlerPrefix>> emptyValue=<<qualify "$:/temp/NewFieldValue">> >
-<div class="tc-edit-fields">
+<div class="tc-edit-fields" dir=<<tv-text-direction>>>
 <table class={{{ [all[current]fields[]] :filter[lookup[$:/config/EditTemplateFields/Visibility/]!match[hide]] :and[count[]!match[0]] :and[then[tc-edit-fields]] :else[[tc-edit-fields tc-edit-fields-small]] }}}>
 <tbody>
 <$list filter="[all[current]fields[]] :and[sort[title]]" variable="currentField" storyview="pop">
@@ -98,7 +98,7 @@ $value={{{ [subfilter<get-field-value-tiddler-filter>get[text]] }}}/>
 </div>
 
 <$fieldmangler>
-<div class="tc-edit-field-add">
+<div class="tc-edit-field-add" dir=<<tv-text-direction>>>
 <em class="tc-edit tc-small-gap-right">
 <<lingo Fields/Add/Prompt>>
 </em>
diff --git a/core/ui/EditTemplate/shadow.tid b/core/ui/EditTemplate/shadow.tid
index 3ae3e0a1f..97672750e 100644
--- a/core/ui/EditTemplate/shadow.tid
+++ b/core/ui/EditTemplate/shadow.tid
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ tags: $:/tags/EditTemplate
 <$list filter="[all[current]shadowsource[]]" variable="pluginTitle">
 
 <$set name="pluginLink" value=<<pluginLinkBody>>>
-<div class="tc-message-box">
+<div class="tc-message-box" dir=<<tv-text-direction>>>
 
 <<lingo Warning>>
 
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ tags: $:/tags/EditTemplate
 <$list filter="[all[current]shadowsource[]]" variable="pluginTitle">
 
 <$set name="pluginLink" value=<<pluginLinkBody>>>
-<div class="tc-message-box">
+<div class="tc-message-box" dir=<<tv-text-direction>>>
 
 <<lingo OverriddenWarning>>
 
diff --git a/core/ui/EditTemplate/tags.tid b/core/ui/EditTemplate/tags.tid
index c8d4131fe..ae47424d0 100644
--- a/core/ui/EditTemplate/tags.tid
+++ b/core/ui/EditTemplate/tags.tid
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ tags: $:/tags/EditTemplate
 \end
 
 \procedure edit-tags-template(tagField:"tags")
-<div class="tc-edit-tags">
+<div class="tc-edit-tags" dir=<<tv-text-direction>>>
 	<$list filter="[<currentTiddler>get<tagField>enlist-input[]sort[title]]" storyview="pop">
 		<$macrocall $name="tag-body"
 			colour={{{ [<currentTiddler>] :cascade[all[shadows+tiddlers]tag[$:/tags/TiddlerColourFilter]!is[draft]get[text]] }}}
diff --git a/core/ui/EditTemplate/title.tid b/core/ui/EditTemplate/title.tid
index 5228ad7c0..fa02db819 100644
--- a/core/ui/EditTemplate/title.tid
+++ b/core/ui/EditTemplate/title.tid
@@ -2,13 +2,13 @@ title: $:/core/ui/EditTemplate/title
 tags: $:/tags/EditTemplate
 
 \whitespace trim
-<$edit-text field="draft.title" class="tc-titlebar tc-edit-texteditor" focus={{{ [{$:/config/AutoFocus}match[title]then[true]] ~[[false]] }}} tabindex={{$:/config/EditTabIndex}} cancelPopups="yes"/>
+<$edit-text field="draft.title" class="tc-titlebar tc-edit-texteditor" focus={{{ [{$:/config/AutoFocus}match[title]then[true]] ~[[false]] }}} tabindex={{$:/config/EditTabIndex}} cancelPopups="yes" dir=<<tv-text-direction>>/>
 
 <$vars pattern="""[\|\[\]{}]""" bad-chars="""`| [ ] { }`""">
 
 <$list filter="[all[current]regexp:draft.title<pattern>]" variable="listItem">
 
-<div class="tc-message-box">
+<div class="tc-message-box" dir=<<tv-text-direction>>>
 
 {{$:/core/images/warning}}&#32;{{$:/language/EditTemplate/Title/BadCharacterWarning}}
 
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ tags: $:/tags/EditTemplate
 
 </$vars>
 
-<$reveal state="!!draft.title" type="nomatch" text={{!!draft.of}} tag="div">
+<$reveal state="!!draft.title" type="nomatch" text={{!!draft.of}} tag="div" dir=<<tv-text-direction>>>
 
 <$list filter="[{!!draft.title}!is[missing]]" variable="listItem">
 
diff --git a/core/ui/EditTemplate/type.tid b/core/ui/EditTemplate/type.tid
index 259a701b7..0f244cebe 100644
--- a/core/ui/EditTemplate/type.tid
+++ b/core/ui/EditTemplate/type.tid
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ first-search-filter: [all[shadows+tiddlers]prefix[$:/language/Docs/Types/]sort[d
 <div class="tc-edit-type-selector-wrapper">
 <em class="tc-edit tc-small-gap-right"><<lingo Type/Prompt>></em>
 <div class="tc-type-selector-dropdown-wrapper">
-<div class="tc-type-selector"><$fieldmangler>
+<div class="tc-type-selector" dir=<<tv-text-direction>>><$fieldmangler>
 <$transclude $variable="keyboard-driven-input" tiddler=<<currentTiddler>> storeTitle=<<typeInputTiddler>> refreshTitle=<<refreshTitle>> selectionStateTitle=<<typeSelectionTiddler>> field="type" tag="input" default="" placeholder={{$:/language/EditTemplate/Type/Placeholder}} focusPopup=<<qualify "$:/state/popup/type-dropdown">> class="tc-edit-typeeditor tc-edit-texteditor tc-popup-handle" tabindex={{$:/config/EditTabIndex}} focus={{{ [{$:/config/AutoFocus}match[type]then[true]] :else[[false]] }}} cancelPopups="yes" configTiddlerFilter="[[$:/core/ui/EditTemplate/type]]" inputCancelActions=<<input-cancel-actions>>/><$button popup=<<qualify "$:/state/popup/type-dropdown">> class="tc-btn-invisible tc-btn-dropdown tc-small-gap" tooltip={{$:/language/EditTemplate/Type/Dropdown/Hint}} aria-label={{$:/language/EditTemplate/Type/Dropdown/Caption}}>{{$:/core/images/down-arrow}}</$button><$button message="tm-remove-field" param="type" class="tc-btn-invisible tc-btn-icon" tooltip={{$:/language/EditTemplate/Type/Delete/Hint}} aria-label={{$:/language/EditTemplate/Type/Delete/Caption}}>{{$:/core/images/delete-button}}<$action-deletetiddler $filter="[<typeInputTiddler>] [<storeTitle>] [<refreshTitle>] [<selectionStateTitle>]"/></$button>
 </$fieldmangler></div>
 
diff --git a/core/ui/PageTemplate.tid b/core/ui/PageTemplate.tid
index 9989de6df..903319d1f 100644
--- a/core/ui/PageTemplate.tid
+++ b/core/ui/PageTemplate.tid
@@ -14,7 +14,8 @@ code-body: yes
 	tv-enable-drag-and-drop={{$:/config/DragAndDrop/Enable}}
 	tv-show-missing-links={{$:/config/MissingLinks}}
 	storyviewTitle={{$:/view}}
-	languageTitle={{{ [{$:/language}get[name]] }}}>
+	languageTitle={{{ [{$:/language}get[name]] }}}
+	tv-text-direction={{$:/config/DefaultTextDirection}}>
 
 <div class={{{ [all[shadows+tiddlers]tag[$:/tags/ClassFilters/PageTemplate]!is[draft]] :map:flat[subfilter{!!text}] tc-page-container [[tc-page-view-]addsuffix<storyviewTitle>] [[tc-language-]addsuffix<languageTitle>] :and[unique[]join[ ]] }}} >
 
diff --git a/core/ui/ViewTemplate.tid b/core/ui/ViewTemplate.tid
index 9fa67816e..820dddc15 100644
--- a/core/ui/ViewTemplate.tid
+++ b/core/ui/ViewTemplate.tid
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ $:/state/folded/$(currentTiddler)$
 \define cancel-delete-tiddler-actions(message) <$action-sendmessage $message="tm-$message$-tiddler"/>
 \import [all[shadows+tiddlers]tag[$:/tags/Macro/View]!is[draft]] [all[shadows+tiddlers]tag[$:/tags/Global/View]!is[draft]]
 <$vars storyTiddler=<<currentTiddler>> tiddlerInfoState=<<qualify "$:/state/popup/tiddler-info">>>
-<div data-tiddler-title=<<currentTiddler>> data-tags={{!!tags}} class={{{ [all[shadows+tiddlers]tag[$:/tags/ClassFilters/TiddlerTemplate]!is[draft]] :map:flat[subfilter{!!text}] tc-tiddler-frame tc-tiddler-view-frame [<currentTiddler>is[tiddler]then[tc-tiddler-exists]] [<currentTiddler>is[missing]!is[shadow]then[tc-tiddler-missing]] [<currentTiddler>is[shadow]then[tc-tiddler-exists tc-tiddler-shadow]] [<currentTiddler>is[shadow]is[tiddler]then[tc-tiddler-overridden-shadow]] [<currentTiddler>is[system]then[tc-tiddler-system]] [{!!class}] [<currentTiddler>tags[]encodeuricomponent[]addprefix[tc-tagged-]] +[join[ ]] }}} role="article">
+<div dir=<<tv-text-direction>> data-tiddler-title=<<currentTiddler>> data-tags={{!!tags}} class={{{ [all[shadows+tiddlers]tag[$:/tags/ClassFilters/TiddlerTemplate]!is[draft]] :map:flat[subfilter{!!text}] tc-tiddler-frame tc-tiddler-view-frame [<currentTiddler>is[tiddler]then[tc-tiddler-exists]] [<currentTiddler>is[missing]!is[shadow]then[tc-tiddler-missing]] [<currentTiddler>is[shadow]then[tc-tiddler-exists tc-tiddler-shadow]] [<currentTiddler>is[shadow]is[tiddler]then[tc-tiddler-overridden-shadow]] [<currentTiddler>is[system]then[tc-tiddler-system]] [{!!class}] [<currentTiddler>tags[]encodeuricomponent[]addprefix[tc-tagged-]] +[join[ ]] }}} role="article">
 <$list filter="[all[shadows+tiddlers]tag[$:/tags/ViewTemplate]!is[draft]]" variable="listItem">
 <$transclude tiddler=<<listItem>>/>
 </$list>
diff --git a/core/ui/ViewTemplate/body.tid b/core/ui/ViewTemplate/body.tid
index e4f03ec0e..334575a4b 100644
--- a/core/ui/ViewTemplate/body.tid
+++ b/core/ui/ViewTemplate/body.tid
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ tags: $:/tags/ViewTemplate
 
 \import [all[shadows+tiddlers]tag[$:/tags/Macro/View/Body]!is[draft]] [all[shadows+tiddlers]tag[$:/tags/Global/View/Body]!is[draft]]
 
-<$reveal tag="div" class="tc-tiddler-body tc-clearfix" type="nomatch" stateTitle=<<folded-state>> text="hide" retain="yes" animate="yes">
+<$reveal tag="div" class="tc-tiddler-body tc-clearfix" type="nomatch" stateTitle=<<folded-state>> text="hide" retain="yes" animate="yes" dir=<<tv-text-direction>>>
 
 <$transclude tiddler={{{ [<currentTiddler>] :cascade[all[shadows+tiddlers]tag[$:/tags/ViewTemplateBodyFilter]!is[draft]get[text]] :and[!is[blank]else[$:/core/ui/ViewTemplate/body/default]] }}} />
 
diff --git a/core/ui/ViewTemplate/subtitle.tid b/core/ui/ViewTemplate/subtitle.tid
index 013f0266b..8f16553e8 100644
--- a/core/ui/ViewTemplate/subtitle.tid
+++ b/core/ui/ViewTemplate/subtitle.tid
@@ -2,4 +2,4 @@ title: $:/core/ui/ViewTemplate/subtitle
 tags: $:/tags/ViewTemplate
 
 \whitespace trim
-<$transclude tiddler={{{ [<currentTiddler>] :cascade[all[shadows+tiddlers]tag[$:/tags/ViewTemplateSubtitleFilter]!is[draft]get[text]] :and[!is[blank]else[$:/core/ui/ViewTemplate/subtitle/default]] }}} />
\ No newline at end of file
+<$transclude tiddler={{{ [<currentTiddler>] :cascade[all[shadows+tiddlers]tag[$:/tags/ViewTemplateSubtitleFilter]!is[draft]get[text]] :and[!is[blank]else[$:/core/ui/ViewTemplate/subtitle/default]] }}} />
diff --git a/core/ui/ViewTemplate/subtitle/default.tid b/core/ui/ViewTemplate/subtitle/default.tid
index 5c55712fa..9992ddfcd 100644
--- a/core/ui/ViewTemplate/subtitle/default.tid
+++ b/core/ui/ViewTemplate/subtitle/default.tid
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ title: $:/core/ui/ViewTemplate/subtitle/default
 
 \whitespace trim
 <$reveal type="nomatch" stateTitle=<<folded-state>> text="hide" tag="div" retain="yes" animate="yes">
-<div class="tc-subtitle tc-clearfix">
+<div class="tc-subtitle tc-clearfix" dir=<<tv-text-direction>>>
 <$list filter="[all[shadows+tiddlers]tag[$:/tags/ViewTemplate/Subtitle]!has[draft.of]]" variable="subtitleTiddler">
 <$transclude tiddler=<<subtitleTiddler>> mode="inline"/>
 </$list>
diff --git a/core/ui/ViewTemplate/tags.tid b/core/ui/ViewTemplate/tags.tid
index fc09c571a..14ad70a82 100644
--- a/core/ui/ViewTemplate/tags.tid
+++ b/core/ui/ViewTemplate/tags.tid
@@ -2,4 +2,4 @@ title: $:/core/ui/ViewTemplate/tags
 tags: $:/tags/ViewTemplate
 
 \whitespace trim
-<$transclude tiddler={{{ [<currentTiddler>] :cascade[all[shadows+tiddlers]tag[$:/tags/ViewTemplateTagsFilter]!is[draft]get[text]] :and[!is[blank]else[$:/core/ui/ViewTemplate/tags/default]] }}} />
\ No newline at end of file
+<$transclude tiddler={{{ [<currentTiddler>] :cascade[all[shadows+tiddlers]tag[$:/tags/ViewTemplateTagsFilter]!is[draft]get[text]] :and[!is[blank]else[$:/core/ui/ViewTemplate/tags/default]] }}} />
diff --git a/core/ui/ViewTemplate/tags/default.tid b/core/ui/ViewTemplate/tags/default.tid
index d524bfccd..0baf87861 100644
--- a/core/ui/ViewTemplate/tags/default.tid
+++ b/core/ui/ViewTemplate/tags/default.tid
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ title: $:/core/ui/ViewTemplate/tags/default
 
 \whitespace trim
 <$reveal type="nomatch" stateTitle=<<folded-state>> text="hide" tag="div" retain="yes" animate="yes">
-  <div class="tc-tags-wrapper">
+  <div class="tc-tags-wrapper" dir=<<tv-text-direction>>>
     <$list filter="[all[current]tags[]sort[title]]" template="$:/core/ui/TagTemplate" storyview="pop"/>
     <$list filter="[all[shadows+tiddlers]tag[$:/tags/ViewTemplate/Tags]!has[draft.of]]">
       <$transclude mode="inline"/>
diff --git a/core/ui/ViewTemplate/title.tid b/core/ui/ViewTemplate/title.tid
index b2cf1bd8e..d44f572d6 100644
--- a/core/ui/ViewTemplate/title.tid
+++ b/core/ui/ViewTemplate/title.tid
@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ tags: $:/tags/ViewTemplate
 \define title-styles() fill:$(foregroundColor)$;
 
 <div class="tc-tiddler-title tc-clearfix">
-	<div class="tc-titlebar">
+	<div class="tc-titlebar" dir=<<tv-text-direction>>>
 		<span class="tc-tiddler-controls">
 			<$list filter="[all[shadows+tiddlers]tag[$:/tags/ViewToolbar]!has[draft.of]] :filter[lookup[$:/config/ViewToolbarButtons/Visibility/]!match[hide]]"
 				storyview="pop"
diff --git a/core/wiki/config/DefaultTextDirection.tid b/core/wiki/config/DefaultTextDirection.tid
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..6140bbf7b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/core/wiki/config/DefaultTextDirection.tid
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+title: $:/config/DefaultTextDirection
+text: auto
diff --git a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/conditionals/Basic.tid b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/conditionals/Basic.tid
index 6e5046f56..75aeaca94 100644
--- a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/conditionals/Basic.tid
+++ b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/conditionals/Basic.tid
@@ -19,8 +19,8 @@ title: Output
 +
 title: ExpectedResult
 
-<p>
+<p dir="auto">
 This is a Elephant, I think.
-</p><p>
+</p><p dir="auto">
 This is a , I think.
 </p>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/conditionals/Else.tid b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/conditionals/Else.tid
index ef42f198c..ddcf74981 100644
--- a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/conditionals/Else.tid
+++ b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/conditionals/Else.tid
@@ -19,8 +19,8 @@ title: Output
 +
 title: ExpectedResult
 
-<p>
+<p dir="auto">
 This is a Elephant, I think.
-</p><p>
+</p><p dir="auto">
 This is a Crocodile, I think.
 </p>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/conditionals/Elseif.tid b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/conditionals/Elseif.tid
index 068ac31c9..04242b632 100644
--- a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/conditionals/Elseif.tid
+++ b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/conditionals/Elseif.tid
@@ -23,10 +23,10 @@ title: Output
 +
 title: ExpectedResult
 
-<p>
+<p dir="auto">
 This is a Elephant, I think.
-</p><p>
+</p><p dir="auto">
 This is a Antelope, I think.
-</p><p>
+</p><p dir="auto">
 This is a Crocodile, I think.
 </p>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/conditionals/MissingEndIf.tid b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/conditionals/MissingEndIf.tid
index ff01ca959..589a4ea02 100644
--- a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/conditionals/MissingEndIf.tid
+++ b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/conditionals/MissingEndIf.tid
@@ -19,8 +19,8 @@ title: Output
 +
 title: ExpectedResult
 
-<p>
+<p dir="auto">
 This is a Elephant
-</p><p>
+</p><p dir="auto">
 This is a 
 </p>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/conditionals/MultipleResults.tid b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/conditionals/MultipleResults.tid
index 866c6d8f5..1e4c8ac10 100644
--- a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/conditionals/MultipleResults.tid
+++ b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/conditionals/MultipleResults.tid
@@ -9,4 +9,4 @@ This is a <%if 1 2 3 4 5 6 %>Elephant<%endif%>, I think.
 +
 title: ExpectedResult
 
-<p>This is a Elephant, I think.</p>
\ No newline at end of file
+<p dir="auto">This is a Elephant, I think.</p>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/conditionals/NestedElseif.tid b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/conditionals/NestedElseif.tid
index bfc3e085c..628658bc5 100644
--- a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/conditionals/NestedElseif.tid
+++ b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/conditionals/NestedElseif.tid
@@ -47,14 +47,14 @@ title: Output
 +
 title: ExpectedResult
 
-<p>
+<p dir="auto">
 This is a Indian Elephant, I think.
-</p><p>
+</p><p dir="auto">
 This is a African Elephant, I think.
-</p><p>
+</p><p dir="auto">
 This is a Unknown Elephant, I think.
-</p><p>
+</p><p dir="auto">
 This is a Antelope, I think.
-</p><p>
+</p><p dir="auto">
 This is a Crocodile, I think.
 </p>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/custom-operators/NestedParameterised.tid b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/custom-operators/NestedParameterised.tid
index 3e4d610d0..5c6b28e25 100644
--- a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/custom-operators/NestedParameterised.tid
+++ b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/custom-operators/NestedParameterised.tid
@@ -21,4 +21,4 @@ title: Output
 +
 title: ExpectedResult
 
-<p>246-492</p>
\ No newline at end of file
+<p dir="auto">246-492</p>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/custom-operators/Parameterised.tid b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/custom-operators/Parameterised.tid
index 2f8337b0f..f812a9fcc 100644
--- a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/custom-operators/Parameterised.tid
+++ b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/custom-operators/Parameterised.tid
@@ -21,4 +21,4 @@ title: Output
 +
 title: ExpectedResult
 
-<p>492-984|492-984</p>
\ No newline at end of file
+<p dir="auto">492-984|492-984</p>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/custom-operators/Simple.tid b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/custom-operators/Simple.tid
index 089701295..b14b99a2a 100644
--- a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/custom-operators/Simple.tid
+++ b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/custom-operators/Simple.tid
@@ -18,4 +18,4 @@ title: Output
 +
 title: ExpectedResult
 
-<p>246|246</p>
\ No newline at end of file
+<p dir="auto">246|246</p>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/data-widget/ImportCompound.tid b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/data-widget/ImportCompound.tid
index dc60b1566..89e9c805b 100644
--- a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/data-widget/ImportCompound.tid
+++ b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/data-widget/ImportCompound.tid
@@ -24,4 +24,4 @@ This is a payload tiddler from a compound tiddler
 +
 title: ExpectedResult
 
-<p><div class="tc-test-case "><div>[{"title":"Payload Tiddler","tags":"Alpha Beta Gamma","text":"This is a payload tiddler from a compound tiddler","custom":"Alpha"}]</div></div></p>
\ No newline at end of file
+<p dir="auto"><div class="tc-test-case "><div>[{"title":"Payload Tiddler","tags":"Alpha Beta Gamma","text":"This is a payload tiddler from a compound tiddler","custom":"Alpha"}]</div></div></p>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/data-widget/ImportCustomTitle.tid b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/data-widget/ImportCustomTitle.tid
index 91fbde644..538fd6a1c 100644
--- a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/data-widget/ImportCustomTitle.tid
+++ b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/data-widget/ImportCustomTitle.tid
@@ -20,4 +20,4 @@ This is the tiddler HelloThere
 +
 title: ExpectedResult
 
-<p><div class="tc-test-case "><div>[{"title":"RealTitle","tags":"Definitions","text":"This is the tiddler HelloThere"}]</div></div></p>
\ No newline at end of file
+<p dir="auto"><div class="tc-test-case "><div>[{"title":"RealTitle","tags":"Definitions","text":"This is the tiddler HelloThere"}]</div></div></p>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/data-widget/ImportFilter.tid b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/data-widget/ImportFilter.tid
index 7beca9aba..2989a07e8 100644
--- a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/data-widget/ImportFilter.tid
+++ b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/data-widget/ImportFilter.tid
@@ -25,4 +25,4 @@ This is the tiddler AnotherDefinition
 +
 title: ExpectedResult
 
-<p><div class="tc-test-case "><div>[{"title":"AnotherDefinition","tags":"Definitions","text":"This is the tiddler AnotherDefinition","custom":"Alpha"},{"title":"HelloThere","tags":"Definitions","text":"This is the tiddler HelloThere","custom":"Alpha"}]</div></div></p>
\ No newline at end of file
+<p dir="auto"><div class="tc-test-case "><div>[{"title":"AnotherDefinition","tags":"Definitions","text":"This is the tiddler AnotherDefinition","custom":"Alpha"},{"title":"HelloThere","tags":"Definitions","text":"This is the tiddler HelloThere","custom":"Alpha"}]</div></div></p>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/data-widget/ImportTiddler.tid b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/data-widget/ImportTiddler.tid
index dd8c57243..74a672026 100644
--- a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/data-widget/ImportTiddler.tid
+++ b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/data-widget/ImportTiddler.tid
@@ -20,4 +20,4 @@ This is the tiddler HelloThere
 +
 title: ExpectedResult
 
-<p><div class="tc-test-case "><div>[{"title":"HelloThere","tags":"Definitions","text":"This is the tiddler HelloThere","custom":"Alpha"}]</div></div></p>
\ No newline at end of file
+<p dir="auto"><div class="tc-test-case "><div>[{"title":"HelloThere","tags":"Definitions","text":"This is the tiddler HelloThere","custom":"Alpha"}]</div></div></p>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/data-widget/Simple.tid b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/data-widget/Simple.tid
index badb28d27..0ae045d14 100644
--- a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/data-widget/Simple.tid
+++ b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/data-widget/Simple.tid
@@ -15,4 +15,4 @@ title: Output
 +
 title: ExpectedResult
 
-<p><div class="tc-test-case my-class an-other-class"><div>[{"title":"Epsilon","text":"Theta"}]</div></div></p>
\ No newline at end of file
+<p dir="auto"><div class="tc-test-case my-class an-other-class"><div>[{"title":"Epsilon","text":"Theta"}]</div></div></p>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/filters/Base64.tid b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/filters/Base64.tid
index 17f1defff..4b429cbe7 100644
--- a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/filters/Base64.tid
+++ b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/filters/Base64.tid
@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ title: Output
 +
 title: ExpectedResult
 
-<p>(SmVyZW15MTIzNA==)
+<p dir="auto">(SmVyZW15MTIzNA==)
 ()
 (Jeremy1234)
 ()</p>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/filters/DiffMergePatch1.tid b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/filters/DiffMergePatch1.tid
index e6e519df5..115cba4fa 100644
--- a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/filters/DiffMergePatch1.tid
+++ b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/filters/DiffMergePatch1.tid
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ the hat saw in every category
 +
 title: ExpectedResult
 
-<p>@@ -1,22 +1,29 @@
+<p dir="auto">@@ -1,22 +1,29 @@
  the 
 -c
 +h
diff --git a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/filters/Recursion.tid b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/filters/Recursion.tid
index 13d80e521..18aa19f6a 100644
--- a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/filters/Recursion.tid
+++ b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/filters/Recursion.tid
@@ -12,4 +12,4 @@ title: Output
 +
 title: ExpectedResult
 
-<p>/**-- Excessive filter recursion --**/</p>
\ No newline at end of file
+<p dir="auto">/**-- Excessive filter recursion --**/</p>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/filters/fake-variables.tid b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/filters/fake-variables.tid
index 4bd31e007..edc985340 100644
--- a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/filters/fake-variables.tid
+++ b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/filters/fake-variables.tid
@@ -7,21 +7,21 @@ title: Output
 
 \whitespace trim
 <$list variable="var" filter="[[existing variable should have output]] :filter[[..currentTiddler]is[variable]]">
-<p><<var>></p>
+<p dir="auto"><<var>></p>
 </$list>
 
 <$list variable="var" filter="[[non-existing variable should not have output]] :filter[[nonExistingVariable]is[variable]]">
-<p><<var>></p>
+<p dir="auto"><<var>></p>
 </$list>
 
 <$list variable="var" filter="[[existing variable negated should not have output]] :filter[[..currentTiddler]!is[variable]]">
-<p><<var>></p>
+<p dir="auto"><<var>></p>
 </$list>
 
 <$list variable="var" filter="[[non-existing variable negated should have output]] :filter[[nonExistingVariable]!is[variable]]">
-<p><<var>></p>
+<p dir="auto"><<var>></p>
 </$list>
 +
 title: ExpectedResult
 
-<p><p>existing variable should have output</p></p><p></p><p></p><p><p>non-existing variable negated should have output</p></p>
\ No newline at end of file
+<p dir="auto"><p dir="auto">existing variable should have output</p></p><p dir="auto"></p><p dir="auto"></p><p dir="auto"><p dir="auto">non-existing variable negated should have output</p></p>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/filters/substitute.tid b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/filters/substitute.tid
index 873d8e0ba..87b41a547 100644
--- a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/filters/substitute.tid
+++ b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/filters/substitute.tid
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ title: Output
 +
 title: ExpectedResult
 
-<p>()
+<p dir="auto">()
 (Hello There, welcome to $TiddlyWiki$)
 (Welcome to TiddlyWiki)
 (Welcome to TiddlyWiki today)
diff --git a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/functions/FunctionAttributes.tid b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/functions/FunctionAttributes.tid
index 2deb49bdc..6847dd280 100644
--- a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/functions/FunctionAttributes.tid
+++ b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/functions/FunctionAttributes.tid
@@ -21,4 +21,4 @@ title: Output
 +
 title: ExpectedResult
 
-<p>16|32</p>
\ No newline at end of file
+<p dir="auto">16|32</p>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/functions/FunctionFilterrunVariables.tid b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/functions/FunctionFilterrunVariables.tid
index 5226e9f05..ecae0537c 100644
--- a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/functions/FunctionFilterrunVariables.tid
+++ b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/functions/FunctionFilterrunVariables.tid
@@ -21,4 +21,4 @@ title: Output
 +
 title: ExpectedResult
 
-<p>Idiosyncrasy Caption Field,Idiosyncrasy Caption Field</p>
\ No newline at end of file
+<p dir="auto">Idiosyncrasy Caption Field,Idiosyncrasy Caption Field</p>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/functions/FunctionOperator.tid b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/functions/FunctionOperator.tid
index e2a0038dc..10608d95e 100644
--- a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/functions/FunctionOperator.tid
+++ b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/functions/FunctionOperator.tid
@@ -21,4 +21,4 @@ title: Output
 +
 title: ExpectedResult
 
-<p>64|192</p>
\ No newline at end of file
+<p dir="auto">64|192</p>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/functions/IndentedFunctions.tid b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/functions/IndentedFunctions.tid
index 206a8958e..837801d86 100644
--- a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/functions/IndentedFunctions.tid
+++ b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/functions/IndentedFunctions.tid
@@ -21,4 +21,4 @@ title: Output
 +
 title: ExpectedResult
 
-<p>64|192</p>
\ No newline at end of file
+<p dir="auto">64|192</p>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/functions/RunawayRecursiveFunctions.tid b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/functions/RunawayRecursiveFunctions.tid
index 81be22f16..36d356be5 100644
--- a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/functions/RunawayRecursiveFunctions.tid
+++ b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/functions/RunawayRecursiveFunctions.tid
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ title: Output
 
 \whitespace trim
 \function .buffalo(p)
-[.buffalo<p>]
+[.buffalo<p dir="auto">]
 \end
 
 <$text text=<<.buffalo 8>>/>
diff --git a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/functions/UndefinedParameters.tid b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/functions/UndefinedParameters.tid
index 8a2b0a91a..905c7b626 100644
--- a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/functions/UndefinedParameters.tid
+++ b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/functions/UndefinedParameters.tid
@@ -19,4 +19,4 @@ title: Output
 +
 title: ExpectedResult
 
-hello world<p>hello world</p>hello <p>hello </p>
\ No newline at end of file
+hello world<p dir="auto">hello world</p>hello <p dir="auto">hello </p>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/functions/WikifiedFunctions.tid b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/functions/WikifiedFunctions.tid
index 36b64e4a3..e23ab395a 100644
--- a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/functions/WikifiedFunctions.tid
+++ b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/functions/WikifiedFunctions.tid
@@ -33,4 +33,4 @@ $param$ with a ''buffalo''
 +
 title: ExpectedResult
 
-<p>Going to lunch with a ''buffalo''</p><p>Going to breakfastwith a<strong>buffalo</strong></p><p>Going to dinner with a <strong>buffalo</strong></p>Going to lunch with a ''buffalo''Going to breakfastwith abuffaloGoing to dinner with a buffalo
\ No newline at end of file
+<p dir="auto">Going to lunch with a ''buffalo''</p><p dir="auto">Going to breakfastwith a<strong>buffalo</strong></p><p dir="auto">Going to dinner with a <strong>buffalo</strong></p>Going to lunch with a ''buffalo''Going to breakfastwith abuffaloGoing to dinner with a buffalo
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/genesis-widget/Block.tid b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/genesis-widget/Block.tid
index dfa5dacaf..6ed50fd07 100644
--- a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/genesis-widget/Block.tid
+++ b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/genesis-widget/Block.tid
@@ -27,4 +27,4 @@ Block forced inline
 +
 title: ExpectedResult
 
-<div class=" tc-reveal"><p>Block</p></div><div class=" tc-reveal"><p>Block forced block</p></div><span class=" tc-reveal"><p>Block forced inline</p></span><p><span class=" tc-reveal">Inline</span><div class=" tc-reveal">Inline forced block</div><span class=" tc-reveal">Inline forced inline</span></p>
\ No newline at end of file
+<div class=" tc-reveal"><p dir="auto">Block</p></div><div class=" tc-reveal"><p dir="auto">Block forced block</p></div><span class=" tc-reveal"><p dir="auto">Block forced inline</p></span><p dir="auto"><span class=" tc-reveal">Inline</span><div class=" tc-reveal">Inline forced block</div><span class=" tc-reveal">Inline forced inline</span></p>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/genesis-widget/DollarSigns.tid b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/genesis-widget/DollarSigns.tid
index ac12bfe38..5bd8d80d0 100644
--- a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/genesis-widget/DollarSigns.tid
+++ b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/genesis-widget/DollarSigns.tid
@@ -11,4 +11,4 @@ title: Output
 +
 title: ExpectedResult
 
-<p>(Kitten)(Kitten)</p>
\ No newline at end of file
+<p dir="auto">(Kitten)(Kitten)</p>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/genesis-widget/EmptyType.tid b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/genesis-widget/EmptyType.tid
index 59768aa0c..bf3aff918 100644
--- a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/genesis-widget/EmptyType.tid
+++ b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/genesis-widget/EmptyType.tid
@@ -11,4 +11,4 @@ title: Output
 +
 title: ExpectedResult
 
-<p>Mouse</p><p>Mouse</p>
\ No newline at end of file
+<p dir="auto">Mouse</p><p dir="auto">Mouse</p>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/genesis-widget/MultipleAttributes.tid b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/genesis-widget/MultipleAttributes.tid
index a93fa2e06..91a11bd20 100644
--- a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/genesis-widget/MultipleAttributes.tid
+++ b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/genesis-widget/MultipleAttributes.tid
@@ -11,4 +11,4 @@ title: Output
 +
 title: ExpectedResult
 
-<p>(Shark|Donkey)(Shark|Donkey)</p>
\ No newline at end of file
+<p dir="auto">(Shark|Donkey)(Shark|Donkey)</p>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/genesis-widget/RedefineLet.tid b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/genesis-widget/RedefineLet.tid
index f6834998d..9c4f4ca23 100644
--- a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/genesis-widget/RedefineLet.tid
+++ b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/genesis-widget/RedefineLet.tid
@@ -26,6 +26,6 @@ title: Output
 +
 title: ExpectedResult
 
-<p>(--Elephant--)
+<p dir="auto">(--Elephant--)
 (--Kangaroo--)
 (--Giraffe--)</p>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/genesis-widget/Simple.tid b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/genesis-widget/Simple.tid
index d9ec67c00..23e72c7b7 100644
--- a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/genesis-widget/Simple.tid
+++ b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/genesis-widget/Simple.tid
@@ -11,4 +11,4 @@ title: Output
 +
 title: ExpectedResult
 
-<p><div>Mouse</div><div class="tc-thing" label="Squeak">Mouse</div></p>
\ No newline at end of file
+<p dir="auto"><div>Mouse</div><div class="tc-thing" label="Squeak">Mouse</div></p>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/importvariables/WithSetWidgets.tid b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/importvariables/WithSetWidgets.tid
index 5d351583e..916aaf402 100644
--- a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/importvariables/WithSetWidgets.tid
+++ b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/importvariables/WithSetWidgets.tid
@@ -20,4 +20,4 @@ title: Definitions
 +
 title: ExpectedResult
 
-<p>elephant,giraffe</p>
\ No newline at end of file
+<p dir="auto">elephant,giraffe</p>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/importvariables/WithSetWidgets2.tid b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/importvariables/WithSetWidgets2.tid
index b3ef64d7d..85689246e 100644
--- a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/importvariables/WithSetWidgets2.tid
+++ b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/importvariables/WithSetWidgets2.tid
@@ -20,4 +20,4 @@ title: Definitions
 +
 title: ExpectedResult
 
-<p>elephant,giraffe</p>
\ No newline at end of file
+<p dir="auto">elephant,giraffe</p>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/importvariables/WithSetWidgetsAndMacros.tid b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/importvariables/WithSetWidgetsAndMacros.tid
index 282896c88..a357bd165 100644
--- a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/importvariables/WithSetWidgetsAndMacros.tid
+++ b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/importvariables/WithSetWidgetsAndMacros.tid
@@ -27,4 +27,4 @@ Bunny Hill
 +
 title: ExpectedResult
 
-<p>Bugs Bunny,Bunny Hill,elephant,giraffe</p>
\ No newline at end of file
+<p dir="auto">Bugs Bunny,Bunny Hill,elephant,giraffe</p>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/list-widget/WithEmptyParagraphTemplate.tid b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/list-widget/WithEmptyParagraphTemplate.tid
index 7730f525a..f21916ce3 100644
--- a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/list-widget/WithEmptyParagraphTemplate.tid
+++ b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/list-widget/WithEmptyParagraphTemplate.tid
@@ -10,4 +10,4 @@ title: Output
 +
 title: ExpectedResult
 
-<p><p></p></p>
\ No newline at end of file
+<p dir="auto"><p></p></p>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/list-widget/WithExplicitTemplates.tid b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/list-widget/WithExplicitTemplates.tid
index aad322f54..ca775dba2 100644
--- a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/list-widget/WithExplicitTemplates.tid
+++ b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/list-widget/WithExplicitTemplates.tid
@@ -26,4 +26,4 @@ title: Output
 +
 title: ExpectedResult
 
-<p>123</p><p>None!</p>
\ No newline at end of file
+<p dir="auto">123</p><p dir="auto">None!</p>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/list-widget/WithExplicitTemplatesOverriddenByAttributes.tid b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/list-widget/WithExplicitTemplatesOverriddenByAttributes.tid
index 0ce5780af..0fe456d81 100644
--- a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/list-widget/WithExplicitTemplatesOverriddenByAttributes.tid
+++ b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/list-widget/WithExplicitTemplatesOverriddenByAttributes.tid
@@ -30,4 +30,4 @@ title: Template
 +
 title: ExpectedResult
 
-<p>112233</p><p>Zero</p>
\ No newline at end of file
+<p dir="auto">112233</p><p dir="auto">Zero</p>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/list-widget/WithJoinTemplate.tid b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/list-widget/WithJoinTemplate.tid
index f1b6f25e9..ea53e551d 100644
--- a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/list-widget/WithJoinTemplate.tid
+++ b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/list-widget/WithJoinTemplate.tid
@@ -27,4 +27,4 @@ title: Output
 +
 title: ExpectedResult
 
-<p>Item:1,Item:2,Item:3</p><p>None!</p>
\ No newline at end of file
+<p dir="auto">Item:1,Item:2,Item:3</p><p dir="auto">None!</p>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/list-widget/WithJoinTemplateInBlockMode.tid b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/list-widget/WithJoinTemplateInBlockMode.tid
index c12f4c801..b04dd5dd0 100644
--- a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/list-widget/WithJoinTemplateInBlockMode.tid
+++ b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/list-widget/WithJoinTemplateInBlockMode.tid
@@ -29,4 +29,4 @@ title: Output
 title: ExpectedResult
 comment: I wish there was a good way to get rid of these extraneous paragraph elements
 
-<p>Item:1</p><p></p><p></p><br><p>Item:2</p><p></p><p></p><br><p>Item:3</p><p></p><p></p>None!
\ No newline at end of file
+<p dir="auto">Item:1</p><p dir="auto"></p><p dir="auto"></p><br><p dir="auto">Item:2</p><p dir="auto"></p><p dir="auto"></p><br><p dir="auto">Item:3</p><p dir="auto"></p><p dir="auto"></p>None!
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/list-widget/WithLimit.tid b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/list-widget/WithLimit.tid
index 2f630a1dc..360849cf7 100644
--- a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/list-widget/WithLimit.tid
+++ b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/list-widget/WithLimit.tid
@@ -21,5 +21,5 @@ title: Template
 +
 title: ExpectedResult
 
-<p>Zero: </p><p>One: 1</p><p>Two: 12</p><p>Minus Two: 34
+<p dir="auto">Zero: </p><p dir="auto">One: 1</p><p dir="auto">Two: 12</p><p dir="auto">Minus Two: 34
 </p>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/list-widget/WithMissingTemplate.tid b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/list-widget/WithMissingTemplate.tid
index 40fb2f07b..898db6a1b 100644
--- a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/list-widget/WithMissingTemplate.tid
+++ b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/list-widget/WithMissingTemplate.tid
@@ -23,4 +23,4 @@ title: Output
 +
 title: ExpectedResult
 
-<p><span><a class="tc-tiddlylink tc-tiddlylink-missing" href="#1">1</a></span><span><a class="tc-tiddlylink tc-tiddlylink-missing" href="#2">2</a></span><span><a class="tc-tiddlylink tc-tiddlylink-missing" href="#3">3</a></span></p><p>None!</p>
\ No newline at end of file
+<p dir="auto"><span><a class="tc-tiddlylink tc-tiddlylink-missing" href="#1">1</a></span><span><a class="tc-tiddlylink tc-tiddlylink-missing" href="#2">2</a></span><span><a class="tc-tiddlylink tc-tiddlylink-missing" href="#3">3</a></span></p><p dir="auto">None!</p>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/macros/EndInBody.tid b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/macros/EndInBody.tid
index e93a0917d..3e88b1e1f 100644
--- a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/macros/EndInBody.tid
+++ b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/macros/EndInBody.tid
@@ -13,4 +13,4 @@ Out: <<hello>>
 +
 title: ExpectedResult
 
-<p>Out:  hello \end</p>
\ No newline at end of file
+<p dir="auto">Out:  hello \end</p>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/macros/IndentedEnd.tid b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/macros/IndentedEnd.tid
index 97f2c4197..d4a42598d 100644
--- a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/macros/IndentedEnd.tid
+++ b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/macros/IndentedEnd.tid
@@ -13,4 +13,4 @@ Out: <<hello>>
 +
 title: ExpectedResult
 
-<p>Out:  hello \end</p>
\ No newline at end of file
+<p dir="auto">Out:  hello \end</p>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/macros/MismatchedNamedEnd.tid b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/macros/MismatchedNamedEnd.tid
index b66821753..c7844390b 100644
--- a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/macros/MismatchedNamedEnd.tid
+++ b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/macros/MismatchedNamedEnd.tid
@@ -13,4 +13,4 @@ Out: <<hello>>
 +
 title: ExpectedResult
 
-<p>Out:  \end goodbye</p>
\ No newline at end of file
+<p dir="auto">Out:  \end goodbye</p>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/macros/WhitespaceOnlyWithEnd.tid b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/macros/WhitespaceOnlyWithEnd.tid
index 6998672ba..4018402ab 100644
--- a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/macros/WhitespaceOnlyWithEnd.tid
+++ b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/macros/WhitespaceOnlyWithEnd.tid
@@ -14,5 +14,5 @@ Out: <<max>>
 +
 title: ExpectedResult
 
-<p>Nothing
-\end</p><p>Out: </p>
\ No newline at end of file
+<p dir="auto">Nothing
+\end</p><p dir="auto">Out: </p>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/macros/WhitespaceOnlyWithEnd2.tid b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/macros/WhitespaceOnlyWithEnd2.tid
index 60db278d6..ec2ce6c0a 100644
--- a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/macros/WhitespaceOnlyWithEnd2.tid
+++ b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/macros/WhitespaceOnlyWithEnd2.tid
@@ -12,4 +12,4 @@ Out: <<empty>>
 +
 title: ExpectedResult
 
-<p>Out: </p>
\ No newline at end of file
+<p dir="auto">Out: </p>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/macros/nested-macros/NestedMacros-indented.tid b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/macros/nested-macros/NestedMacros-indented.tid
index e040deaf7..d33b11bfc 100644
--- a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/macros/nested-macros/NestedMacros-indented.tid
+++ b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/macros/nested-macros/NestedMacros-indented.tid
@@ -33,4 +33,4 @@ title: Output
 +
 title: ExpectedResult
 
-<p>Jaguar</p>
\ No newline at end of file
+<p dir="auto">Jaguar</p>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/macros/nested-macros/NestedMacros-indented2.tid b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/macros/nested-macros/NestedMacros-indented2.tid
index 36a3cc8a3..8bfa63342 100644
--- a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/macros/nested-macros/NestedMacros-indented2.tid
+++ b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/macros/nested-macros/NestedMacros-indented2.tid
@@ -33,4 +33,4 @@ title: Output
 +
 title: ExpectedResult
 
-<p>Jaguar</p>
\ No newline at end of file
+<p dir="auto">Jaguar</p>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/macros/nested-macros/NestedMacros.tid b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/macros/nested-macros/NestedMacros.tid
index d5f854d0c..4ecd6445c 100644
--- a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/macros/nested-macros/NestedMacros.tid
+++ b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/macros/nested-macros/NestedMacros.tid
@@ -33,4 +33,4 @@ Jaguar
 +
 title: ExpectedResult
 
-<p>Jaguar</p>
\ No newline at end of file
+<p dir="auto">Jaguar</p>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/macros/trailing-newlines/TrailingNewlines.tid b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/macros/trailing-newlines/TrailingNewlines.tid
index 18037fac2..9e3a78585 100644
--- a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/macros/trailing-newlines/TrailingNewlines.tid
+++ b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/macros/trailing-newlines/TrailingNewlines.tid
@@ -19,4 +19,4 @@ Paragraph 2
 +
 title: ExpectedResult
 
-<p>Paragraph 1</p><p>Paragraph 2</p>
\ No newline at end of file
+<p dir="auto">Paragraph 1</p><p dir="auto">Paragraph 2</p>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/macros/unusedtitle/basic-params-draft-exists.tid b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/macros/unusedtitle/basic-params-draft-exists.tid
index 10cff1ef9..585958097 100644
--- a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/macros/unusedtitle/basic-params-draft-exists.tid
+++ b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/macros/unusedtitle/basic-params-draft-exists.tid
@@ -24,4 +24,4 @@ title: Output
 +
 title: ExpectedResult
 
-<p>test 1</p><p>asdf 1</p>
\ No newline at end of file
+<p dir="auto">test 1</p><p dir="auto">asdf 1</p>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/macros/unusedtitle/basic-params-empty-tiddler-exists.tid b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/macros/unusedtitle/basic-params-empty-tiddler-exists.tid
index 7cf80fd20..f34688c64 100644
--- a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/macros/unusedtitle/basic-params-empty-tiddler-exists.tid
+++ b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/macros/unusedtitle/basic-params-empty-tiddler-exists.tid
@@ -20,4 +20,4 @@ title: Output
 +
 title: ExpectedResult
 
-<p>New Tiddler 1</p><p>New Tiddler 1</p><p>New Tiddler 1</p>
\ No newline at end of file
+<p dir="auto">New Tiddler 1</p><p dir="auto">New Tiddler 1</p><p dir="auto">New Tiddler 1</p>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/macros/unusedtitle/basic-params-empty.tid b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/macros/unusedtitle/basic-params-empty.tid
index 990f88623..72c520246 100644
--- a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/macros/unusedtitle/basic-params-empty.tid
+++ b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/macros/unusedtitle/basic-params-empty.tid
@@ -17,4 +17,4 @@ title: Output
 +
 title: ExpectedResult
 
-<p>New Tiddler</p><p>New Tiddler</p><p>New Tiddler</p>
\ No newline at end of file
+<p dir="auto">New Tiddler</p><p dir="auto">New Tiddler</p><p dir="auto">New Tiddler</p>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/macros/unusedtitle/basic-params-tiddlers-exist.tid b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/macros/unusedtitle/basic-params-tiddlers-exist.tid
index a01f1262d..0d0df1576 100644
--- a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/macros/unusedtitle/basic-params-tiddlers-exist.tid
+++ b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/macros/unusedtitle/basic-params-tiddlers-exist.tid
@@ -25,4 +25,4 @@ title: Output
 +
 title: ExpectedResult
 
-<p>New Tiddler 1</p><p>New Tiddler-1</p><p>anotherBase 1</p><p>About-1</p>
\ No newline at end of file
+<p dir="auto">New Tiddler 1</p><p dir="auto">New Tiddler-1</p><p dir="auto">anotherBase 1</p><p dir="auto">About-1</p>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/macros/unusedtitle/basic-params.tid b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/macros/unusedtitle/basic-params.tid
index c0ec65ec0..98f8992ec 100644
--- a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/macros/unusedtitle/basic-params.tid
+++ b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/macros/unusedtitle/basic-params.tid
@@ -25,4 +25,4 @@ title: Output
 +
 title: ExpectedResult
 
-<p>New Tiddler</p><p>New Tiddler</p><p>anotherBase</p><p>About</p><p>New Tiddler 3</p><p>invalid start</p><p>invalid count</p>
\ No newline at end of file
+<p dir="auto">New Tiddler</p><p dir="auto">New Tiddler</p><p dir="auto">anotherBase</p><p dir="auto">About</p><p dir="auto">New Tiddler 3</p><p dir="auto">invalid start</p><p dir="auto">invalid count</p>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/macros/unusedtitle/template-empty-params-tiddler-exist.tid b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/macros/unusedtitle/template-empty-params-tiddler-exist.tid
index 66ff810b1..b1f69de62 100644
--- a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/macros/unusedtitle/template-empty-params-tiddler-exist.tid
+++ b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/macros/unusedtitle/template-empty-params-tiddler-exist.tid
@@ -47,4 +47,4 @@ title: Output
 +
 title: ExpectedResult
 
-<p>New Tiddler 1</p><p>xxx-y-1</p><p>01-New Tiddler</p><p>0002 asdf</p><p>0001 abc</p>
\ No newline at end of file
+<p dir="auto">New Tiddler 1</p><p dir="auto">xxx-y-1</p><p dir="auto">01-New Tiddler</p><p dir="auto">0002 asdf</p><p dir="auto">0001 abc</p>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/macros/unusedtitle/template-empty-params.tid b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/macros/unusedtitle/template-empty-params.tid
index bdde68a98..c21383b4e 100644
--- a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/macros/unusedtitle/template-empty-params.tid
+++ b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/macros/unusedtitle/template-empty-params.tid
@@ -21,4 +21,4 @@ title: Output
 +
 title: ExpectedResult
 
-<p>New Tiddler</p><p>xxx</p><p>00-New Tiddler</p><p>0000 asdf</p>
\ No newline at end of file
+<p dir="auto">New Tiddler</p><p dir="auto">xxx</p><p dir="auto">00-New Tiddler</p><p dir="auto">0000 asdf</p>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/macros/unusedtitle/template-startCount.tid b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/macros/unusedtitle/template-startCount.tid
index 83fc1686b..f3d20d076 100644
--- a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/macros/unusedtitle/template-startCount.tid
+++ b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/macros/unusedtitle/template-startCount.tid
@@ -24,4 +24,4 @@ title: Output
 +
 title: ExpectedResult
 
-<p>New Tiddler 0xx</p><p>New Tiddler 4xx</p><p>New Tiddler 11xx</p><p>emptyCount 00xx</p><p>invalid start 0xx</p><p>invalid count 0xx</p>
\ No newline at end of file
+<p dir="auto">New Tiddler 0xx</p><p dir="auto">New Tiddler 4xx</p><p dir="auto">New Tiddler 11xx</p><p dir="auto">emptyCount 00xx</p><p dir="auto">invalid start 0xx</p><p dir="auto">invalid count 0xx</p>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/macros/unusedtitle/template.tid b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/macros/unusedtitle/template.tid
index 183ad42da..e432cb72c 100644
--- a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/macros/unusedtitle/template.tid
+++ b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/macros/unusedtitle/template.tid
@@ -25,4 +25,4 @@ title: Output
 +
 title: ExpectedResult
 
-<p>New Tiddler</p><p>count-missing0</p><p>00-new</p><p>00-base</p><p>00-New Tiddler</p><p>00-asdf</p><p>00 asdf</p>
\ No newline at end of file
+<p dir="auto">New Tiddler</p><p dir="auto">count-missing0</p><p dir="auto">00-new</p><p dir="auto">00-base</p><p dir="auto">00-New Tiddler</p><p dir="auto">00-asdf</p><p dir="auto">00 asdf</p>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/messages/tm-import-tiddler/CustomTitle.tid b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/messages/tm-import-tiddler/CustomTitle.tid
index 2c7b8ba05..f0509e949 100644
--- a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/messages/tm-import-tiddler/CustomTitle.tid
+++ b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/messages/tm-import-tiddler/CustomTitle.tid
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ title: Actions
 +
 title: ExpectedResult
 
-<p>text: {
+<p dir="auto">text: {
     "tiddlers": {
         "Elephants": {
             "title": "Elephants"
diff --git a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/messages/tm-import-tiddler/NoAutoOpen.tid b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/messages/tm-import-tiddler/NoAutoOpen.tid
index cc2c3673a..004e8693e 100644
--- a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/messages/tm-import-tiddler/NoAutoOpen.tid
+++ b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/messages/tm-import-tiddler/NoAutoOpen.tid
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ title: Actions
 +
 title: ExpectedResult
 
-<p>text: {
+<p dir="auto">text: {
     "tiddlers": {
         "Elephants": {
             "title": "Elephants"
diff --git a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/messages/tm-import-tiddler/NoAutoOpenViaVar.tid b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/messages/tm-import-tiddler/NoAutoOpenViaVar.tid
index 6970131f1..ce6f37d60 100644
--- a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/messages/tm-import-tiddler/NoAutoOpenViaVar.tid
+++ b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/messages/tm-import-tiddler/NoAutoOpenViaVar.tid
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ title: Actions
 +
 title: ExpectedResult
 
-<p>text: {
+<p dir="auto">text: {
     "tiddlers": {
         "Elephants": {
             "title": "Elephants"
diff --git a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/messages/tm-import-tiddler/default.tid b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/messages/tm-import-tiddler/default.tid
index 715a763f4..75a4abf9c 100644
--- a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/messages/tm-import-tiddler/default.tid
+++ b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/messages/tm-import-tiddler/default.tid
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ title: Actions
 +
 title: ExpectedResult
 
-<p>text: {
+<p dir="auto">text: {
     "tiddlers": {
         "Elephants": {
             "title": "Elephants"
diff --git a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/messages/tm-new-tiddler/create-a-new-tiddler-with-a-tag.tid b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/messages/tm-new-tiddler/create-a-new-tiddler-with-a-tag.tid
index 3f9204da8..79fc55e51 100644
--- a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/messages/tm-new-tiddler/create-a-new-tiddler-with-a-tag.tid
+++ b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/messages/tm-new-tiddler/create-a-new-tiddler-with-a-tag.tid
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ title: output-template
 +
 title: ExpectedResult
 
-<p><pre>draft.of: New Tiddler
+<p dir="auto"><pre>draft.of: New Tiddler
 draft.title: New Tiddler
 tags: test [[with spaces]]
 title: Draft of 'New Tiddler'
diff --git a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/messages/tm-new-tiddler/default.tid b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/messages/tm-new-tiddler/default.tid
index cba16f261..960176d91 100644
--- a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/messages/tm-new-tiddler/default.tid
+++ b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/messages/tm-new-tiddler/default.tid
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ title: output-template
 +
 title: ExpectedResult
 
-<p><pre>draft.of: New Tiddler
+<p dir="auto"><pre>draft.of: New Tiddler
 draft.title: New Tiddler
 title: Draft of 'New Tiddler'
 z-field: a
diff --git a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/messages/tm-new-tiddler/new-from-template-with-tag.tid b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/messages/tm-new-tiddler/new-from-template-with-tag.tid
index aceeffdde..5c470f38d 100644
--- a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/messages/tm-new-tiddler/new-from-template-with-tag.tid
+++ b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/messages/tm-new-tiddler/new-from-template-with-tag.tid
@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ title: output-template
 +
 title: ExpectedResult
 
-<p><pre>asdf: asdf
+<p dir="auto"><pre>asdf: asdf
 draft.of: new-tiddler-template 1
 draft.title: new-tiddler-template 1
 tags: 
diff --git a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/messages/tm-new-tiddler/new-from-template-without-tag.tid b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/messages/tm-new-tiddler/new-from-template-without-tag.tid
index dfb815f09..b7258686c 100644
--- a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/messages/tm-new-tiddler/new-from-template-without-tag.tid
+++ b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/messages/tm-new-tiddler/new-from-template-without-tag.tid
@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ title: output-template
 +
 title: ExpectedResult
 
-<p><pre>asdf: asdf
+<p dir="auto"><pre>asdf: asdf
 draft.of: new-tiddler-template 1
 draft.title: new-tiddler-template 1
 title: Draft of 'new-tiddler-template 1'
diff --git a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/messages/tm-new-tiddler/new-with-tag.tid b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/messages/tm-new-tiddler/new-with-tag.tid
index 9b52e7de1..32e9f4359 100644
--- a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/messages/tm-new-tiddler/new-with-tag.tid
+++ b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/messages/tm-new-tiddler/new-with-tag.tid
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ title: output-template
 +
 title: ExpectedResult
 
-<p><pre>draft.of: New Tiddler
+<p dir="auto"><pre>draft.of: New Tiddler
 draft.title: New Tiddler
 tag: 
 title: Draft of 'New Tiddler'
diff --git a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/pragmas/Parsermode-indented.tid b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/pragmas/Parsermode-indented.tid
index 10747735f..a8ead9921 100644
--- a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/pragmas/Parsermode-indented.tid
+++ b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/pragmas/Parsermode-indented.tid
@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ title: ExpectedResult
 
 ! Not Heading
 
-Text with <strong>bold</strong><h1 class="">Heading</h1><p>Text with <strong>bold</strong></p><p>! Not Heading
+Text with <strong>bold</strong><h1 class="">Heading</h1><p dir="auto">Text with <strong>bold</strong></p><p dir="auto">! Not Heading
 
-Text with <strong>bold</strong><h1 class="">Heading</h1><p>Text with <strong>bold</strong></p>
+Text with <strong>bold</strong><h1 class="">Heading</h1><p dir="auto">Text with <strong>bold</strong></p>
 </p>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/pragmas/Parsermode.tid b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/pragmas/Parsermode.tid
index 57869e37a..5e13312be 100644
--- a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/pragmas/Parsermode.tid
+++ b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/pragmas/Parsermode.tid
@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ title: ExpectedResult
 
 ! Not Heading
 
-Text with <strong>bold</strong><h1 class="">Heading</h1><p>Text with <strong>bold</strong></p><p>! Not Heading
+Text with <strong>bold</strong><h1 class="">Heading</h1><p dir="auto">Text with <strong>bold</strong></p><p dir="auto">! Not Heading
 
-Text with <strong>bold</strong><h1 class="">Heading</h1><p>Text with <strong>bold</strong></p>
+Text with <strong>bold</strong><h1 class="">Heading</h1><p dir="auto">Text with <strong>bold</strong></p>
 </p>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/pragmas/WhitespaceAfterPragma.tid b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/pragmas/WhitespaceAfterPragma.tid
index 9eb6089ff..713e30552 100644
--- a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/pragmas/WhitespaceAfterPragma.tid
+++ b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/pragmas/WhitespaceAfterPragma.tid
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ Now!
 +
 title: ExpectedResult
 
-<p>
+<p dir="auto">
 [
     {
         "type": "set",
diff --git a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/pragmas/WhitespaceNoPragma.tid b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/pragmas/WhitespaceNoPragma.tid
index 2a7041750..ec01711a0 100644
--- a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/pragmas/WhitespaceNoPragma.tid
+++ b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/pragmas/WhitespaceNoPragma.tid
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ Now!
 +
 title: ExpectedResult
 
-<p>
+<p dir="auto">
 [
     {
         "type": "text",
diff --git a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/procedures/EndInBody.tid b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/procedures/EndInBody.tid
index 3aa13fad5..72e27f312 100644
--- a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/procedures/EndInBody.tid
+++ b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/procedures/EndInBody.tid
@@ -13,4 +13,4 @@ Out: <<hello>>
 +
 title: ExpectedResult
 
-<p>Out:  hello \end</p>
\ No newline at end of file
+<p dir="auto">Out:  hello \end</p>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/procedures/IndentedEnd.tid b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/procedures/IndentedEnd.tid
index 664be3446..597cd1573 100644
--- a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/procedures/IndentedEnd.tid
+++ b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/procedures/IndentedEnd.tid
@@ -13,4 +13,4 @@ Out: <<hello>>
 +
 title: ExpectedResult
 
-<p>Out:  hello \end</p>
\ No newline at end of file
+<p dir="auto">Out:  hello \end</p>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/procedures/MismatchedNamedEnd.tid b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/procedures/MismatchedNamedEnd.tid
index 0b5385c6e..81cc4e1e1 100644
--- a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/procedures/MismatchedNamedEnd.tid
+++ b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/procedures/MismatchedNamedEnd.tid
@@ -13,4 +13,4 @@ Out: <<hello>>
 +
 title: ExpectedResult
 
-<p>Out:  \end goodbye</p>
\ No newline at end of file
+<p dir="auto">Out:  \end goodbye</p>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/procedures/Nested-indented.tid b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/procedures/Nested-indented.tid
index 75aaadb4c..70a2edd0c 100644
--- a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/procedures/Nested-indented.tid
+++ b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/procedures/Nested-indented.tid
@@ -17,4 +17,4 @@ title: Output
 +
 title: ExpectedResult
 
-<p>ElephantElephant</p>
\ No newline at end of file
+<p dir="auto">ElephantElephant</p>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/procedures/Nested.tid b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/procedures/Nested.tid
index f63c634af..51288c3f3 100644
--- a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/procedures/Nested.tid
+++ b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/procedures/Nested.tid
@@ -17,4 +17,4 @@ title: Output
 +
 title: ExpectedResult
 
-<p>ElephantElephant</p>
\ No newline at end of file
+<p dir="auto">ElephantElephant</p>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/procedures/TrailingNewlines.tid b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/procedures/TrailingNewlines.tid
index 467235876..6b78ead31 100644
--- a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/procedures/TrailingNewlines.tid
+++ b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/procedures/TrailingNewlines.tid
@@ -19,4 +19,4 @@ Paragraph 2
 +
 title: ExpectedResult
 
-<p>Paragraph 1</p><p>Paragraph 2</p>
\ No newline at end of file
+<p dir="auto">Paragraph 1</p><p dir="auto">Paragraph 2</p>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/procedures/WhitespaceOnlyWithEnd.tid b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/procedures/WhitespaceOnlyWithEnd.tid
index 51f0b87df..61f72e9cd 100644
--- a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/procedures/WhitespaceOnlyWithEnd.tid
+++ b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/procedures/WhitespaceOnlyWithEnd.tid
@@ -14,5 +14,5 @@ Out: <<max>>
 +
 title: ExpectedResult
 
-<p>Nothing
-\end</p><p>Out: </p>
\ No newline at end of file
+<p dir="auto">Nothing
+\end</p><p dir="auto">Out: </p>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/procedures/WhitespaceOnlyWithEnd2.tid b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/procedures/WhitespaceOnlyWithEnd2.tid
index 54d3ebbf6..6e8439289 100644
--- a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/procedures/WhitespaceOnlyWithEnd2.tid
+++ b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/procedures/WhitespaceOnlyWithEnd2.tid
@@ -12,4 +12,4 @@ Out: <<empty>>
 +
 title: ExpectedResult
 
-<p>Out: </p>
\ No newline at end of file
+<p dir="auto">Out: </p>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/reserved-wikitext/ReservedWikiText.tid b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/reserved-wikitext/ReservedWikiText.tid
index b9b77f160..267618c45 100644
--- a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/reserved-wikitext/ReservedWikiText.tid
+++ b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/reserved-wikitext/ReservedWikiText.tid
@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ title: Output
 +
 title: ExpectedResult
 
-<p>
+<p dir="auto">
 {%%}
 (==)
 {% %}
diff --git a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/tabs-macro/expected-test-tabs-horizontal-a.tid b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/tabs-macro/expected-test-tabs-horizontal-a.tid
index 1cb356182..4a2c4348d 100644
--- a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/tabs-macro/expected-test-tabs-horizontal-a.tid
+++ b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/tabs-macro/expected-test-tabs-horizontal-a.tid
@@ -2,4 +2,4 @@ title: expected-test-tabs-horizontal-a
 type: text/html
 description: Horizontal tabs test - This is the expected HTML output from a test in test-wikitext-tabs-macro.js
 
-<p><div class="tc-tab-set "><div class="tc-tab-buttons "><button class="" data-tab-title="TabOne" role="switch">t 1</button><button aria-checked="true" class=" tc-tab-selected" data-tab-title="TabTwo" role="switch">t 2</button><button class="" data-tab-title="TabThree" role="switch">t 3</button><button class="" data-tab-title="TabFour" role="switch">TabFour</button></div><div class="tc-tab-divider "></div><div class="tc-tab-content "><div class=" tc-reveal" hidden="true"></div><div class=" tc-reveal"><p>Text tab 2</p></div><div class=" tc-reveal" hidden="true"></div><div class=" tc-reveal" hidden="true"></div></div></div></p>
\ No newline at end of file
+<p dir="auto"><div class="tc-tab-set "><div class="tc-tab-buttons "><button class="" data-tab-title="TabOne" role="switch">t 1</button><button aria-checked="true" class=" tc-tab-selected" data-tab-title="TabTwo" role="switch">t 2</button><button class="" data-tab-title="TabThree" role="switch">t 3</button><button class="" data-tab-title="TabFour" role="switch">TabFour</button></div><div class="tc-tab-divider "></div><div class="tc-tab-content "><div class=" tc-reveal" hidden="true"></div><div class=" tc-reveal"><p dir="auto">Text tab 2</p></div><div class=" tc-reveal" hidden="true"></div><div class=" tc-reveal" hidden="true"></div></div></div></p>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/tabs-macro/expected-test-tabs-horizontal-all.tid b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/tabs-macro/expected-test-tabs-horizontal-all.tid
index 418510172..c589ec559 100644
--- a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/tabs-macro/expected-test-tabs-horizontal-all.tid
+++ b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/tabs-macro/expected-test-tabs-horizontal-all.tid
@@ -2,4 +2,4 @@ title: expected-test-tabs-horizontal-all
 type: text/html
 description: Horizontal tabs with all parameters active. This is the expected HTML output from a test in test-wikitext-tabs-macro.js
 
-<p><div class="tc-tab-set "><div class="tc-tab-buttons "><button class="" data-tab-title="TabOne" role="switch">t 1</button><button aria-checked="true" class=" tc-tab-selected" data-tab-title="TabTwo" role="switch">t 2</button><button class="" data-tab-title="TabThree" role="switch">desc</button><button class="" data-tab-title="TabFour" role="switch">TabFour</button></div><div class="tc-tab-divider "></div><div class="tc-tab-content "><div class=" tc-reveal" hidden="true"></div><div class=" tc-reveal"><h2 class="">TabTwo</h2><p><p>Text tab 2</p></p></div><div class=" tc-reveal" hidden="true"></div><div class=" tc-reveal" hidden="true"></div></div></div></p>
\ No newline at end of file
+<p dir="auto"><div class="tc-tab-set "><div class="tc-tab-buttons "><button class="" data-tab-title="TabOne" role="switch">t 1</button><button aria-checked="true" class=" tc-tab-selected" data-tab-title="TabTwo" role="switch">t 2</button><button class="" data-tab-title="TabThree" role="switch">desc</button><button class="" data-tab-title="TabFour" role="switch">TabFour</button></div><div class="tc-tab-divider "></div><div class="tc-tab-content "><div class=" tc-reveal" hidden="true"></div><div class=" tc-reveal"><h2 class="">TabTwo</h2><p dir="auto"><p dir="auto">Text tab 2</p></p></div><div class=" tc-reveal" hidden="true"></div><div class=" tc-reveal" hidden="true"></div></div></div></p>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/tabs-macro/expected-test-tabs-vertical.tid b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/tabs-macro/expected-test-tabs-vertical.tid
index 3f1f344f9..479498eaa 100644
--- a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/tabs-macro/expected-test-tabs-vertical.tid
+++ b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/tabs-macro/expected-test-tabs-vertical.tid
@@ -2,4 +2,4 @@ title: expected-test-tabs-vertical
 type: text/html
 description: Vertical tabs test -- This is the expected HTML output from the test in test-wikitext-tabs-macro.js
 
-<p><div class="tc-tab-set tc-vertical"><div class="tc-tab-buttons tc-vertical"><button class="" data-tab-title="TabOne" role="switch">t 1</button><button aria-checked="true" class=" tc-tab-selected" data-tab-title="TabTwo" role="switch">t 2</button><button class="" data-tab-title="TabThree" role="switch">t 3</button><button class="" data-tab-title="TabFour" role="switch">TabFour</button></div><div class="tc-tab-divider tc-vertical"></div><div class="tc-tab-content tc-vertical"><div class=" tc-reveal" hidden="true"></div><div class=" tc-reveal"><p>Text tab 2</p></div><div class=" tc-reveal" hidden="true"></div><div class=" tc-reveal" hidden="true"></div></div></div></p>
\ No newline at end of file
+<p dir="auto"><div class="tc-tab-set tc-vertical"><div class="tc-tab-buttons tc-vertical"><button class="" data-tab-title="TabOne" role="switch">t 1</button><button aria-checked="true" class=" tc-tab-selected" data-tab-title="TabTwo" role="switch">t 2</button><button class="" data-tab-title="TabThree" role="switch">t 3</button><button class="" data-tab-title="TabFour" role="switch">TabFour</button></div><div class="tc-tab-divider tc-vertical"></div><div class="tc-tab-content tc-vertical"><div class=" tc-reveal" hidden="true"></div><div class=" tc-reveal"><p dir="auto">Text tab 2</p></div><div class=" tc-reveal" hidden="true"></div><div class=" tc-reveal" hidden="true"></div></div></div></p>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/this-tiddler/Simple.tid b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/this-tiddler/Simple.tid
index 4aad83c98..897c603f3 100644
--- a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/this-tiddler/Simple.tid
+++ b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/this-tiddler/Simple.tid
@@ -26,4 +26,4 @@ title: Macro
 +
 title: ExpectedResult
 
-<p>(Output)</p><p>(Output)</p><p>(Output)</p>
\ No newline at end of file
+<p dir="auto">(Output)</p><p dir="auto">(Output)</p><p dir="auto">(Output)</p>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/transclude/CustomWidget-ActionWidget.tid b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/transclude/CustomWidget-ActionWidget.tid
index 296aa6931..e19d5b5c2 100644
--- a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/transclude/CustomWidget-ActionWidget.tid
+++ b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/transclude/CustomWidget-ActionWidget.tid
@@ -24,4 +24,4 @@ title: Actions
 +
 title: ExpectedResult
 
-<p>Dingo</p>
\ No newline at end of file
+<p dir="auto">Dingo</p>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/transclude/CustomWidget-CodeblockOverride-TextParser.tid b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/transclude/CustomWidget-CodeblockOverride-TextParser.tid
index 484f0c4a3..f4f55182a 100644
--- a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/transclude/CustomWidget-CodeblockOverride-TextParser.tid
+++ b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/transclude/CustomWidget-CodeblockOverride-TextParser.tid
@@ -17,4 +17,4 @@ title: Output
 +
 title: ExpectedResult
 
-<p>hello</p>
\ No newline at end of file
+<p dir="auto">hello</p>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/transclude/CustomWidget-Fail.tid b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/transclude/CustomWidget-Fail.tid
index 3d0759013..76ed36b6a 100644
--- a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/transclude/CustomWidget-Fail.tid
+++ b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/transclude/CustomWidget-Fail.tid
@@ -23,4 +23,4 @@ title: Output
 +
 title: ExpectedResult
 
-<p>Undefined widget 'non-existent-widget'Undefined widget 'non-existent-widget'</p>
\ No newline at end of file
+<p dir="auto">Undefined widget 'non-existent-widget'Undefined widget 'non-existent-widget'</p>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/transclude/CustomWidget-Override-Codeblock.tid b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/transclude/CustomWidget-Override-Codeblock.tid
index c4730622b..6bacb96f4 100644
--- a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/transclude/CustomWidget-Override-Codeblock.tid
+++ b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/transclude/CustomWidget-Override-Codeblock.tid
@@ -26,4 +26,4 @@ Python
 +
 title: ExpectedResult
 
-<p><pre><code>£Kangaroo@</code></pre><pre><code>£Python@</code></pre><pre><code>£Tiger@</code></pre></p>
\ No newline at end of file
+<p dir="auto"><pre><code>£Kangaroo@</code></pre><pre><code>£Python@</code></pre><pre><code>£Tiger@</code></pre></p>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/transclude/CustomWidget-OverrideTransclude.tid b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/transclude/CustomWidget-OverrideTransclude.tid
index c57e4a9a1..03edfe6fa 100644
--- a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/transclude/CustomWidget-OverrideTransclude.tid
+++ b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/transclude/CustomWidget-OverrideTransclude.tid
@@ -30,4 +30,4 @@ title: TiddlerOne
 +
 title: ExpectedResult
 
-<p>Antelope</p>
\ No newline at end of file
+<p dir="auto">Antelope</p>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/transclude/CustomWidget-RawAndSlotted.tid b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/transclude/CustomWidget-RawAndSlotted.tid
index a8e6feb68..bf9d5a409 100644
--- a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/transclude/CustomWidget-RawAndSlotted.tid
+++ b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/transclude/CustomWidget-RawAndSlotted.tid
@@ -31,4 +31,4 @@ title: Output
 +
 title: ExpectedResult
 
-<p>Default Header-First Body</p><p>Custom Header-Second Body</p>
\ No newline at end of file
+<p dir="auto">Default Header-First Body</p><p dir="auto">Custom Header-Second Body</p>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/transclude/CustomWidget-Simple-Indented.tid b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/transclude/CustomWidget-Simple-Indented.tid
index 19945e6ea..d414586f9 100644
--- a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/transclude/CustomWidget-Simple-Indented.tid
+++ b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/transclude/CustomWidget-Simple-Indented.tid
@@ -30,4 +30,4 @@ title: TiddlerOne
 +
 title: ExpectedResult
 
-<p>DingoCrocodileBumbleBeeSquirrelJaguarWhale</p>
\ No newline at end of file
+<p dir="auto">DingoCrocodileBumbleBeeSquirrelJaguarWhale</p>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/transclude/CustomWidget-Simple.tid b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/transclude/CustomWidget-Simple.tid
index ccb590d4f..36389a929 100644
--- a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/transclude/CustomWidget-Simple.tid
+++ b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/transclude/CustomWidget-Simple.tid
@@ -30,4 +30,4 @@ title: TiddlerOne
 +
 title: ExpectedResult
 
-<p>DingoCrocodileBumbleBeeSquirrelJaguarWhale</p>
\ No newline at end of file
+<p dir="auto">DingoCrocodileBumbleBeeSquirrelJaguarWhale</p>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/transclude/CustomWidget-Slotted.tid b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/transclude/CustomWidget-Slotted.tid
index eb7d61756..adcfa3382 100644
--- a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/transclude/CustomWidget-Slotted.tid
+++ b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/transclude/CustomWidget-Slotted.tid
@@ -24,4 +24,4 @@ title: Output
 +
 title: ExpectedResult
 
-<p>DingoCrocodileBumbleBeeWhale</p>
\ No newline at end of file
+<p dir="auto">DingoCrocodileBumbleBeeWhale</p>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/transclude/CustomWidget-TextWidgetOverride.tid b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/transclude/CustomWidget-TextWidgetOverride.tid
index d0a3cc82c..0e7ad1433 100644
--- a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/transclude/CustomWidget-TextWidgetOverride.tid
+++ b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/transclude/CustomWidget-TextWidgetOverride.tid
@@ -24,4 +24,4 @@ Crocodile
 +
 title: ExpectedResult
 
-<p>≤Dingo≥≤Jaguar≥</p>
\ No newline at end of file
+<p dir="auto">≤Dingo≥≤Jaguar≥</p>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/transclude/CustomWidget-TextWidgetOverrideWithSlot.tid b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/transclude/CustomWidget-TextWidgetOverrideWithSlot.tid
index c84c5ae9a..86b99b15c 100644
--- a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/transclude/CustomWidget-TextWidgetOverrideWithSlot.tid
+++ b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/transclude/CustomWidget-TextWidgetOverrideWithSlot.tid
@@ -28,4 +28,4 @@ title: TiddlerOne
 +
 title: ExpectedResult
 
-<p>DingoCrocodile</p>
\ No newline at end of file
+<p dir="auto">DingoCrocodile</p>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/transclude/CustomWidget-Unoverride-Codeblock.tid b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/transclude/CustomWidget-Unoverride-Codeblock.tid
index c6a834205..8bfc30103 100644
--- a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/transclude/CustomWidget-Unoverride-Codeblock.tid
+++ b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/transclude/CustomWidget-Unoverride-Codeblock.tid
@@ -28,4 +28,4 @@ Python
 +
 title: ExpectedResult
 
-<p><pre><code>Kangaroo</code></pre><pre><code>Python</code></pre><pre><code>Tiger</code></pre></p>
\ No newline at end of file
+<p dir="auto"><pre><code>Kangaroo</code></pre><pre><code>Python</code></pre><pre><code>Tiger</code></pre></p>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/transclude/CustomWidget-VariableAttribute.tid b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/transclude/CustomWidget-VariableAttribute.tid
index e4e7dbaaf..80dd7129c 100644
--- a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/transclude/CustomWidget-VariableAttribute.tid
+++ b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/transclude/CustomWidget-VariableAttribute.tid
@@ -26,4 +26,4 @@ title: TiddlerOne
 +
 title: ExpectedResult
 
-<p>DingoCrocodile</p>
\ No newline at end of file
+<p dir="auto">DingoCrocodile</p>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/transclude/JavaScript-Macro.tid b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/transclude/JavaScript-Macro.tid
index 216a89dc8..c5fbe3831 100644
--- a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/transclude/JavaScript-Macro.tid
+++ b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/transclude/JavaScript-Macro.tid
@@ -14,4 +14,4 @@ title: Output
 +
 title: ExpectedResult
 
-<p><a class="tc-tiddlylink-external" href="data:text/plain,Wildebeest" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">data:text/plain,Wildebeest</a></p><p><a class="tc-tiddlylink-external" href="data:text/plain,Wildebeest" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">data:text/plain,Wildebeest</a></p>
\ No newline at end of file
+<p dir="auto"><a class="tc-tiddlylink-external" href="data:text/plain,Wildebeest" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">data:text/plain,Wildebeest</a></p><p dir="auto"><a class="tc-tiddlylink-external" href="data:text/plain,Wildebeest" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">data:text/plain,Wildebeest</a></p>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/transclude/Macro-Missing.tid b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/transclude/Macro-Missing.tid
index 8a1a837e5..3d2c611f7 100644
--- a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/transclude/Macro-Missing.tid
+++ b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/transclude/Macro-Missing.tid
@@ -37,4 +37,4 @@ Fallback content
 +
 title: ExpectedResult
 
-<p>Fallback content</p><p>Fallback content</p><p>Fallback content</p><p>Fallback content</p><p>Fallback content</p><p>Fallback content</p>
\ No newline at end of file
+<p dir="auto">Fallback content</p><p dir="auto">Fallback content</p><p dir="auto">Fallback content</p><p dir="auto">Fallback content</p><p dir="auto">Fallback content</p><p dir="auto">Fallback content</p>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/transclude/Macro-Plain.tid b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/transclude/Macro-Plain.tid
index 410144153..86de5bdc5 100644
--- a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/transclude/Macro-Plain.tid
+++ b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/transclude/Macro-Plain.tid
@@ -14,4 +14,4 @@ title: Output
 +
 title: ExpectedResult
 
-<p>Jeremy|Jeremy</p>
\ No newline at end of file
+<p dir="auto">Jeremy|Jeremy</p>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/transclude/Macro-Simple.tid b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/transclude/Macro-Simple.tid
index 71db5efe4..b7b718959 100644
--- a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/transclude/Macro-Simple.tid
+++ b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/transclude/Macro-Simple.tid
@@ -23,4 +23,4 @@ It is $one$ and $two$ or <<__one__>> and <<__two__>>.
 +
 title: ExpectedResult
 
-<p>It is red and green or red and green.</p><p>It is red and green or red and green.</p><p>It is orange and green or orange and green.</p><p>It is pink and green or pink and green.</p><p>It is purple and pink or purple and pink.</p>
\ No newline at end of file
+<p dir="auto">It is red and green or red and green.</p><p dir="auto">It is red and green or red and green.</p><p dir="auto">It is orange and green or orange and green.</p><p dir="auto">It is pink and green or pink and green.</p><p dir="auto">It is purple and pink or purple and pink.</p>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/transclude/MissingTarget.tid b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/transclude/MissingTarget.tid
index 8bdc86eaa..5f9892ed4 100644
--- a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/transclude/MissingTarget.tid
+++ b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/transclude/MissingTarget.tid
@@ -45,4 +45,4 @@ title: TiddlerOne
 +
 title: ExpectedResult
 
-<p>PiranhaFerretPiranhaFerretBadgerFerretBadgerFerret</p>
\ No newline at end of file
+<p dir="auto">PiranhaFerretPiranhaFerretBadgerFerretBadgerFerret</p>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/transclude/Parameterised-Depth.tid b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/transclude/Parameterised-Depth.tid
index 064e225c8..b2460727e 100644
--- a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/transclude/Parameterised-Depth.tid
+++ b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/transclude/Parameterised-Depth.tid
@@ -31,4 +31,4 @@ title: TiddlerTwo
 +
 title: ExpectedResult
 
-<p>Ferret:Piranha(Leopard|Coelacanth)|Jaguar:Piranha(Leopard|Coelacanth)|Ferret:Osprey(Leopard|Coelacanth)|Jaguar:Falcon(Leopard|Coelacanth)</p>
\ No newline at end of file
+<p dir="auto">Ferret:Piranha(Leopard|Coelacanth)|Jaguar:Piranha(Leopard|Coelacanth)|Ferret:Osprey(Leopard|Coelacanth)|Jaguar:Falcon(Leopard|Coelacanth)</p>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/transclude/Parameterised-Mode.tid b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/transclude/Parameterised-Mode.tid
index 04f5bbb04..4605223a7 100644
--- a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/transclude/Parameterised-Mode.tid
+++ b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/transclude/Parameterised-Mode.tid
@@ -26,4 +26,4 @@ title: TiddlerOne
 +
 title: ExpectedResult
 
-<p>block</p><p>inline</p>
\ No newline at end of file
+<p dir="auto">block</p><p dir="auto">inline</p>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/transclude/Parameterised-Name-Values.tid b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/transclude/Parameterised-Name-Values.tid
index 9d62a7897..33eb3d505 100644
--- a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/transclude/Parameterised-Name-Values.tid
+++ b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/transclude/Parameterised-Name-Values.tid
@@ -31,4 +31,4 @@ title: TiddlerTwo
 +
 title: ExpectedResult
 
-<p>{0:}{1:}{2:}</p><p></p><p>{0:Ferret}</p><p>{0:Butterfly}{1:Moth}</p><p>{0:Beetle}{1:Scorpion}{2:Snake}</p><p>({$one:Scorpion}{two:Snake}{zero:Beetle})</p>
\ No newline at end of file
+<p dir="auto">{0:}{1:}{2:}</p><p dir="auto"></p><p dir="auto">{0:Ferret}</p><p dir="auto">{0:Butterfly}{1:Moth}</p><p dir="auto">{0:Beetle}{1:Scorpion}{2:Snake}</p><p dir="auto">({$one:Scorpion}{two:Snake}{zero:Beetle})</p>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/transclude/Parameterised-ParseTreeNodes.tid b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/transclude/Parameterised-ParseTreeNodes.tid
index 916e2abfb..5638838da 100644
--- a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/transclude/Parameterised-ParseTreeNodes.tid
+++ b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/transclude/Parameterised-ParseTreeNodes.tid
@@ -26,4 +26,4 @@ title: TiddlerOne
 +
 title: ExpectedResult
 
-<p>[{"type":"element","tag":"p","children":[{"type":"text","text":"This is a block","start":68,"end":83}],"start":68,"end":83}]</p><p>[{"type":"text","text":"This is inline","start":136,"end":152}]</p>
\ No newline at end of file
+<p dir="auto">[{"type":"element","tag":"p","attributes":{"dir":{"type":"string","value":"auto"}},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"This is a block","start":68,"end":83}],"start":68,"end":83}]</p><p dir="auto">[{"type":"text","text":"This is inline","start":136,"end":152}]</p>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/transclude/Parameterised-Positional-Shortcut-Parameters.tid b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/transclude/Parameterised-Positional-Shortcut-Parameters.tid
index abf444adb..49e82cbc1 100644
--- a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/transclude/Parameterised-Positional-Shortcut-Parameters.tid
+++ b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/transclude/Parameterised-Positional-Shortcut-Parameters.tid
@@ -26,4 +26,4 @@ title: TiddlerTwo
 +
 title: ExpectedResult
 
-<p>[{Jaguar}{Lizard}{Mole}]</p><p>[{Ferret}{Lizard}{Mole}]</p><p>[{Butterfly}{Moth}{Mole}]</p><p>[{Beetle}{Scorpion}{Snake}]</p><p>([{Beetle}{Scorpion}{Snake}])</p>
\ No newline at end of file
+<p dir="auto">[{Jaguar}{Lizard}{Mole}]</p><p dir="auto">[{Ferret}{Lizard}{Mole}]</p><p dir="auto">[{Butterfly}{Moth}{Mole}]</p><p dir="auto">[{Beetle}{Scorpion}{Snake}]</p><p dir="auto">([{Beetle}{Scorpion}{Snake}])</p>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/transclude/Parameterised-Positional-Shortcut.tid b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/transclude/Parameterised-Positional-Shortcut.tid
index 7792e6c66..a7dbc45a9 100644
--- a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/transclude/Parameterised-Positional-Shortcut.tid
+++ b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/transclude/Parameterised-Positional-Shortcut.tid
@@ -26,4 +26,4 @@ title: TiddlerTwo
 +
 title: ExpectedResult
 
-<p>[{Jaguar}{Lizard}{Mole}]</p><p>[{Ferret}{Lizard}{Mole}]</p><p>[{Butterfly}{Moth}{Mole}]</p><p>[{Beetle}{Scorpion}{Snake}]</p><p>([{Beetle}{Scorpion}{Snake}])</p>
\ No newline at end of file
+<p dir="auto">[{Jaguar}{Lizard}{Mole}]</p><p dir="auto">[{Ferret}{Lizard}{Mole}]</p><p dir="auto">[{Butterfly}{Moth}{Mole}]</p><p dir="auto">[{Beetle}{Scorpion}{Snake}]</p><p dir="auto">([{Beetle}{Scorpion}{Snake}])</p>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/transclude/Parameterised-Positional-Variables.tid b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/transclude/Parameterised-Positional-Variables.tid
index ad2b7be52..3da5aa606 100644
--- a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/transclude/Parameterised-Positional-Variables.tid
+++ b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/transclude/Parameterised-Positional-Variables.tid
@@ -27,4 +27,4 @@ title: Output
 +
 title: ExpectedResult
 
-<p>(Functions:f1,f1,f1)(Macros:banana,banana,banana)</p>
\ No newline at end of file
+<p dir="auto">(Functions:f1,f1,f1)(Macros:banana,banana,banana)</p>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/transclude/Parameterised-Positional.tid b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/transclude/Parameterised-Positional.tid
index d7eb9090e..5a9453826 100644
--- a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/transclude/Parameterised-Positional.tid
+++ b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/transclude/Parameterised-Positional.tid
@@ -23,4 +23,4 @@ title: TiddlerOne
 +
 title: ExpectedResult
 
-<p>FerretFerretPigeonPigeonFerretFerretJaguar</p>
\ No newline at end of file
+<p dir="auto">FerretFerretPigeonPigeonFerretFerretJaguar</p>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/transclude/Parameterised-Shortcut-Parameters.tid b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/transclude/Parameterised-Shortcut-Parameters.tid
index 375964199..361c0a125 100644
--- a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/transclude/Parameterised-Shortcut-Parameters.tid
+++ b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/transclude/Parameterised-Shortcut-Parameters.tid
@@ -17,4 +17,4 @@ title: TiddlerOne
 +
 title: ExpectedResult
 
-<p>FerretJaguar</p>
\ No newline at end of file
+<p dir="auto">FerretJaguar</p>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/transclude/Parameterised-Shortcut-ParametersIndented.tid b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/transclude/Parameterised-Shortcut-ParametersIndented.tid
index 90e9a90aa..8eec2c181 100644
--- a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/transclude/Parameterised-Shortcut-ParametersIndented.tid
+++ b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/transclude/Parameterised-Shortcut-ParametersIndented.tid
@@ -17,4 +17,4 @@ title: TiddlerOne
 +
 title: ExpectedResult
 
-<p>FerretJaguar</p>
\ No newline at end of file
+<p dir="auto">FerretJaguar</p>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/transclude/Parameterised-Shortcut.tid b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/transclude/Parameterised-Shortcut.tid
index 0499cf2d6..61c61a4dc 100644
--- a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/transclude/Parameterised-Shortcut.tid
+++ b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/transclude/Parameterised-Shortcut.tid
@@ -18,4 +18,4 @@ title: Output
 +
 title: ExpectedResult
 
-<p>{Ferret}{Jaguar}{Rat}{Mouse}</p>
\ No newline at end of file
+<p dir="auto">{Ferret}{Jaguar}{Rat}{Mouse}</p>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/transclude/Parameterised-Simple.tid b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/transclude/Parameterised-Simple.tid
index 0268f9e59..464be6d3c 100644
--- a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/transclude/Parameterised-Simple.tid
+++ b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/transclude/Parameterised-Simple.tid
@@ -23,4 +23,4 @@ title: TiddlerOne
 +
 title: ExpectedResult
 
-<p>Ferret:Piranha|Jaguar:Piranha|Ferret:Osprey|Jaguar:Falcon</p>
\ No newline at end of file
+<p dir="auto">Ferret:Piranha|Jaguar:Piranha|Ferret:Osprey|Jaguar:Falcon</p>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/transclude/Parameterised-SlotFillParseTreeNodes.tid b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/transclude/Parameterised-SlotFillParseTreeNodes.tid
index 679748375..6b5fa2f45 100644
--- a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/transclude/Parameterised-SlotFillParseTreeNodes.tid
+++ b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/transclude/Parameterised-SlotFillParseTreeNodes.tid
@@ -26,4 +26,4 @@ title: TiddlerOne
 +
 title: ExpectedResult
 
-<p>one,ts-raw,two</p><p>one,ts-raw</p>
\ No newline at end of file
+<p dir="auto">one,ts-raw,two</p><p dir="auto">one,ts-raw</p>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/transclude/Parameterised-Slotted-Missing.tid b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/transclude/Parameterised-Slotted-Missing.tid
index fe399d572..8ce4f7b26 100644
--- a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/transclude/Parameterised-Slotted-Missing.tid
+++ b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/transclude/Parameterised-Slotted-Missing.tid
@@ -21,4 +21,4 @@ title: TiddlerOne
 +
 title: ExpectedResult
 
-<p>FerretWhale</p>
\ No newline at end of file
+<p dir="auto">FerretWhale</p>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/transclude/Parameterised-Slotted.tid b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/transclude/Parameterised-Slotted.tid
index c795621ef..1e79fd793 100644
--- a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/transclude/Parameterised-Slotted.tid
+++ b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/transclude/Parameterised-Slotted.tid
@@ -24,4 +24,4 @@ title: TiddlerOne
 +
 title: ExpectedResult
 
-<p>FerretHippopotamus</p>
\ No newline at end of file
+<p dir="auto">FerretHippopotamus</p>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/transclude/Procedures-Double-Underscore.tid b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/transclude/Procedures-Double-Underscore.tid
index f22efb4f6..e56078807 100644
--- a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/transclude/Procedures-Double-Underscore.tid
+++ b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/transclude/Procedures-Double-Underscore.tid
@@ -23,4 +23,4 @@ It is $one$ and $two$<<__one__>><<__two__>>.
 +
 title: ExpectedResult
 
-<p>It is $one$ and $two$.</p><p>It is $one$ and $two$.</p><p>It is $one$ and $two$.</p><p>It is $one$ and $two$.</p><p>It is $one$ and $two$.</p>
\ No newline at end of file
+<p dir="auto">It is $one$ and $two$.</p><p dir="auto">It is $one$ and $two$.</p><p dir="auto">It is $one$ and $two$.</p><p dir="auto">It is $one$ and $two$.</p><p dir="auto">It is $one$ and $two$.</p>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/transclude/Procedures-Whitespace.tid b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/transclude/Procedures-Whitespace.tid
index d2bded70c..9edd03a9e 100644
--- a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/transclude/Procedures-Whitespace.tid
+++ b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/transclude/Procedures-Whitespace.tid
@@ -20,6 +20,6 @@ This is a sentence
 +
 title: ExpectedResult
 
-<p>This is a sentence
+<p dir="auto">This is a sentence
 [This is a sentence]
 [This is a sentence    ]</p>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/transclude/Procedures-Whitespace2.tid b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/transclude/Procedures-Whitespace2.tid
index e6cd673bc..4af356b2e 100644
--- a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/transclude/Procedures-Whitespace2.tid
+++ b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/transclude/Procedures-Whitespace2.tid
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ This is a sentence
 +
 title: ExpectedResult
 
-<p>This is a sentence
+<p dir="auto">This is a sentence
 [This is a sentence    ]
 [This is a sentence    ]
 </p>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/transclude/Procedures-Whitespace3.tid b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/transclude/Procedures-Whitespace3.tid
index b043bceda..ef99d5ad4 100644
--- a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/transclude/Procedures-Whitespace3.tid
+++ b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/transclude/Procedures-Whitespace3.tid
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ This is a sentence
 +
 title: ExpectedResult
 
-<p>This is a sentence
+<p dir="auto">This is a sentence
 [This is a sentence    ]
 [This is a sentence    ]
 </p>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/transclude/Typed.tid b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/transclude/Typed.tid
index c99664b59..cf3c62daa 100644
--- a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/transclude/Typed.tid
+++ b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/transclude/Typed.tid
@@ -29,10 +29,10 @@ testindex: This is ''wikitext''
 +
 title: ExpectedResult
 
-<p>This is <strong>wikitext</strong>
+<p dir="auto">This is <strong>wikitext</strong>
 -
-<pre><code>This is ''wikitext''</code></pre></p><p>This is <strong>wikitext</strong>
+<pre><code>This is ''wikitext''</code></pre></p><p dir="auto">This is <strong>wikitext</strong>
 -
-<pre><code>This is ''wikitext''</code></pre></p><p>This is <strong>wikitext</strong>
+<pre><code>This is ''wikitext''</code></pre></p><p dir="auto">This is <strong>wikitext</strong>
 -
 <pre><code>This is ''wikitext''</code></pre></p>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/transclude/Variable-Refreshing.tid b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/transclude/Variable-Refreshing.tid
index c1867c2fc..48ab3a871 100644
--- a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/transclude/Variable-Refreshing.tid
+++ b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/transclude/Variable-Refreshing.tid
@@ -24,4 +24,4 @@ title: Actions
 +
 title: ExpectedResult
 
-<p>1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10</p>
\ No newline at end of file
+<p dir="auto">1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10</p>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/transclude/Variable-Static.tid b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/transclude/Variable-Static.tid
index 4158569c6..2a71de7e6 100644
--- a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/transclude/Variable-Static.tid
+++ b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/transclude/Variable-Static.tid
@@ -12,4 +12,4 @@ items: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
 +
 title: ExpectedResult
 
-<p>1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10</p>
\ No newline at end of file
+<p dir="auto">1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10</p>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/widgets/DataAttributes/ButtonWidget-DataAttributes.tid b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/widgets/DataAttributes/ButtonWidget-DataAttributes.tid
index da3d7080a..e291533d8 100644
--- a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/widgets/DataAttributes/ButtonWidget-DataAttributes.tid
+++ b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/widgets/DataAttributes/ButtonWidget-DataAttributes.tid
@@ -24,4 +24,4 @@ Title1
 +
 title: ExpectedResult
 
-<p><div class="myclass" data-title="mytiddler" style="color:red;">my tiddler</div><div class="myclass" data-title="Title2" style="color:red;">hello</div></p>
\ No newline at end of file
+<p dir="auto"><div class="myclass" data-title="mytiddler" style="color:red;">my tiddler</div><div class="myclass" data-title="Title2" style="color:red;">hello</div></p>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/widgets/DataAttributes/CheckboxWidget-DataAttributes.tid b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/widgets/DataAttributes/CheckboxWidget-DataAttributes.tid
index 521fa3a13..0bb862e79 100644
--- a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/widgets/DataAttributes/CheckboxWidget-DataAttributes.tid
+++ b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/widgets/DataAttributes/CheckboxWidget-DataAttributes.tid
@@ -19,4 +19,4 @@ Title1
 +
 title: ExpectedResult
 
-<p><label class="tc-checkbox "><input data-title="Title2" type="checkbox" style="color:red;"><span>Is it done?</span></label></p>
\ No newline at end of file
+<p dir="auto"><label class="tc-checkbox "><input data-title="Title2" type="checkbox" style="color:red;"><span>Is it done?</span></label></p>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/widgets/DataAttributes/DraggableWidget-DataAttributes.tid b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/widgets/DataAttributes/DraggableWidget-DataAttributes.tid
index feeb89ded..cc801f1a0 100644
--- a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/widgets/DataAttributes/DraggableWidget-DataAttributes.tid
+++ b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/widgets/DataAttributes/DraggableWidget-DataAttributes.tid
@@ -24,4 +24,4 @@ Title1
 +
 title: ExpectedResult
 
-<p><div class="myclass tc-draggable" data-title="mytiddler" draggable="true" style="color:red;">my tiddler</div><div class="myclass tc-draggable" data-title="Title2" draggable="true" style="color:red;">hello</div></p>
\ No newline at end of file
+<p dir="auto"><div class="myclass tc-draggable" data-title="mytiddler" draggable="true" style="color:red;">my tiddler</div><div class="myclass tc-draggable" data-title="Title2" draggable="true" style="color:red;">hello</div></p>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/widgets/DataAttributes/DroppableWidget-DataAttributes.tid b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/widgets/DataAttributes/DroppableWidget-DataAttributes.tid
index 3c7284eb1..165c18a61 100644
--- a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/widgets/DataAttributes/DroppableWidget-DataAttributes.tid
+++ b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/widgets/DataAttributes/DroppableWidget-DataAttributes.tid
@@ -24,4 +24,4 @@ Title1
 +
 title: ExpectedResult
 
-<p><div class="myclass tc-droppable" data-title="mytiddler" style="color:red;">my tiddler</div><div class="myclass tc-droppable" data-title="Title2" style="color:red;">hello</div></p>
\ No newline at end of file
+<p dir="auto"><div class="myclass tc-droppable" data-title="mytiddler" style="color:red;">my tiddler</div><div class="myclass tc-droppable" data-title="Title2" style="color:red;">hello</div></p>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/widgets/DataAttributes/LinkWidget-DataAttributes.tid b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/widgets/DataAttributes/LinkWidget-DataAttributes.tid
index e99e265bb..2c243fa66 100644
--- a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/widgets/DataAttributes/LinkWidget-DataAttributes.tid
+++ b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/widgets/DataAttributes/LinkWidget-DataAttributes.tid
@@ -24,4 +24,4 @@ Title1
 +
 title: ExpectedResult
 
-<p><a class="tc-tiddlylink tc-tiddlylink-resolves" data-id="mytiddler" href="#Temp" style="color:red;">link to Temp</a><button class="tc-tiddlylink tc-tiddlylink-missing" data-id="Title2" draggable="true" style="color:red;">some tiddler</button></p>
\ No newline at end of file
+<p dir="auto"><a class="tc-tiddlylink tc-tiddlylink-resolves" data-id="mytiddler" href="#Temp" style="color:red;">link to Temp</a><button class="tc-tiddlylink tc-tiddlylink-missing" data-id="Title2" draggable="true" style="color:red;">some tiddler</button></p>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/widgets/DataAttributes/OrderedStyleAttributes.tid b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/widgets/DataAttributes/OrderedStyleAttributes.tid
index 2f6d2cb1a..0eb7e91db 100644
--- a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/widgets/DataAttributes/OrderedStyleAttributes.tid
+++ b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/widgets/DataAttributes/OrderedStyleAttributes.tid
@@ -12,4 +12,4 @@ hello
 +
 title: ExpectedResult
 
-<p><div style="background:green;color:blue;">hello</div></p>
\ No newline at end of file
+<p dir="auto"><div style="background:green;color:blue;">hello</div></p>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/widgets/DataAttributes/SelectWidget-DataAttributes.tid b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/widgets/DataAttributes/SelectWidget-DataAttributes.tid
index e2006312b..7dc5c73d6 100644
--- a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/widgets/DataAttributes/SelectWidget-DataAttributes.tid
+++ b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/widgets/DataAttributes/SelectWidget-DataAttributes.tid
@@ -24,4 +24,4 @@ Title1
 +
 title: ExpectedResult
 
-<p><select class="myclass" data-title="Title2" value="Choose a new text" style="color:red;"><option disabled="true">Choose a new text</option><option>A Tale of Two Cities</option><option>A New Kind of Science</option><option>The Dice Man</option></select></p>
\ No newline at end of file
+<p dir="auto"><select class="myclass" data-title="Title2" value="Choose a new text" style="color:red;"><option disabled="true">Choose a new text</option><option>A Tale of Two Cities</option><option>A New Kind of Science</option><option>The Dice Man</option></select></p>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/widgets/ElementWidgetEventAttributes.tid b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/widgets/ElementWidgetEventAttributes.tid
index 4c2f6eb04..356ff6010 100644
--- a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/widgets/ElementWidgetEventAttributes.tid
+++ b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/widgets/ElementWidgetEventAttributes.tid
@@ -12,4 +12,4 @@ TiddlyWiki
 +
 title: ExpectedResult
 
-<p><div class="hello">TiddlyWiki</div></p>
\ No newline at end of file
+<p dir="auto"><div class="hello">TiddlyWiki</div></p>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/widgets/ElementWidgetStyleAttributes.tid b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/widgets/ElementWidgetStyleAttributes.tid
index a36a51323..f2424465c 100644
--- a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/widgets/ElementWidgetStyleAttributes.tid
+++ b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/widgets/ElementWidgetStyleAttributes.tid
@@ -12,4 +12,4 @@ TiddlyWiki
 +
 title: ExpectedResult
 
-<p><div class="hello" style="color:red;background:yellow;">TiddlyWiki</div></p>
\ No newline at end of file
+<p dir="auto"><div class="hello" style="color:red;background:yellow;">TiddlyWiki</div></p>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/widgets/ElementWidgetStyleAttributes2.tid b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/widgets/ElementWidgetStyleAttributes2.tid
index 6b6a2f953..a60ef99f6 100644
--- a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/widgets/ElementWidgetStyleAttributes2.tid
+++ b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/widgets/ElementWidgetStyleAttributes2.tid
@@ -12,4 +12,4 @@ TiddlyWiki
 +
 title: ExpectedResult
 
-<p><div class="hello" style="color:red;background:yellow;--bg-color:purple;">TiddlyWiki</div></p>
\ No newline at end of file
+<p dir="auto"><div class="hello" style="color:red;background:yellow;--bg-color:purple;">TiddlyWiki</div></p>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/widgets/LetWidgetSelfReferences.tid b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/widgets/LetWidgetSelfReferences.tid
index b81fc7d75..fcea51f0e 100644
--- a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/widgets/LetWidgetSelfReferences.tid
+++ b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/widgets/LetWidgetSelfReferences.tid
@@ -12,4 +12,4 @@ title: Output
 +
 title: ExpectedResult
 
-<p>bb</p>
\ No newline at end of file
+<p dir="auto">bb</p>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/widgets/LetWidgetUndefinedVariable.tid b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/widgets/LetWidgetUndefinedVariable.tid
index e6163d915..c5469af57 100644
--- a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/widgets/LetWidgetUndefinedVariable.tid
+++ b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/widgets/LetWidgetUndefinedVariable.tid
@@ -12,4 +12,4 @@ title: Output
 +
 title: ExpectedResult
 
-<p></p>
\ No newline at end of file
+<p dir="auto"></p>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/widgets/SubstitutedAttributes.tid b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/widgets/SubstitutedAttributes.tid
index 9d5538573..1cd48f8ae 100644
--- a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/widgets/SubstitutedAttributes.tid
+++ b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/widgets/SubstitutedAttributes.tid
@@ -17,5 +17,5 @@ ${ [[Hello]addsuffix[There]] }$` attrib=`myvalue` otherattrib=`$(1)$` blankattri
 +
 title: ExpectedResult
 
-<p><div attrib="myvalue" blankattrib="" class="TiddlyWiki 
+<p dir="auto"><div attrib="myvalue" blankattrib="" class="TiddlyWiki 
 HelloThere" dashes="dashes" disabled="true" otherattrib="" quoted="here" spaces="spaces"></div></p>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/widgets/view/ViewWidget-field-format-text-doubleurlencoded.tid b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/widgets/view/ViewWidget-field-format-text-doubleurlencoded.tid
index 3cb11f6eb..818b76501 100644
--- a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/widgets/view/ViewWidget-field-format-text-doubleurlencoded.tid
+++ b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/widgets/view/ViewWidget-field-format-text-doubleurlencoded.tid
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ title: Output
 +
 title: ExpectedResult
 
-<p>Some%2520text%2520%253E%2520%2522aaa%2522
+<p dir="auto">Some%2520text%2520%253E%2520%2522aaa%2522
 —
 Some text &gt; "aaa"
 </p>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/widgets/view/ViewWidget-field-format-text-urlencoded.tid b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/widgets/view/ViewWidget-field-format-text-urlencoded.tid
index f0e5eb948..48834ca7c 100644
--- a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/widgets/view/ViewWidget-field-format-text-urlencoded.tid
+++ b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/widgets/view/ViewWidget-field-format-text-urlencoded.tid
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ title: Output
 +
 title: ExpectedResult
 
-<p>Some%20text%20%3E%20%22aaa%22
+<p dir="auto">Some%20text%20%3E%20%22aaa%22
 —
 Some text &gt; "aaa"
 </p>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/widgets/view/ViewWidget-field-format-text.tid b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/widgets/view/ViewWidget-field-format-text.tid
index 8dafbdb03..ffe5933ec 100644
--- a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/widgets/view/ViewWidget-field-format-text.tid
+++ b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/widgets/view/ViewWidget-field-format-text.tid
@@ -16,4 +16,4 @@ title: Output
 +
 title: ExpectedResult
 
-[[HelloThere]]<p>[[HelloThere]]</p>
\ No newline at end of file
+[[HelloThere]]<p dir="auto">[[HelloThere]]</p>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/widgets/view/ViewWidget-field-index.tid b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/widgets/view/ViewWidget-field-index.tid
index 2d7073728..767cf2915 100644
--- a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/widgets/view/ViewWidget-field-index.tid
+++ b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/widgets/view/ViewWidget-field-index.tid
@@ -25,4 +25,4 @@ title: Output
 +
 title: ExpectedResult
 
-value 01<p>value 02</p>
\ No newline at end of file
+value 01<p dir="auto">value 02</p>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/widgets/view/ViewWidget-field-text.tid b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/widgets/view/ViewWidget-field-text.tid
index b7ebd59a6..b2435f4a4 100644
--- a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/widgets/view/ViewWidget-field-text.tid
+++ b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/widgets/view/ViewWidget-field-text.tid
@@ -15,4 +15,4 @@ title: Output
 +
 title: ExpectedResult
 
-Some text<p>Some text</p>
\ No newline at end of file
+Some text<p dir="auto">Some text</p>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/widgets/view/ViewWidget-format-date-template.tid b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/widgets/view/ViewWidget-format-date-template.tid
index 493876362..09815ed6d 100644
--- a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/widgets/view/ViewWidget-format-date-template.tid
+++ b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/data/widgets/view/ViewWidget-format-date-template.tid
@@ -17,4 +17,4 @@ title: Output
 +
 title: ExpectedResult
 
-<p>20th September 2024 at 4:22pm</p>
\ No newline at end of file
+<p dir="auto">20th September 2024 at 4:22pm</p>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/test-widget.js b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/test-widget.js
index 7d1cbc329..87ed3860e 100755
--- a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/test-widget.js
+++ b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/test-widget.js
@@ -224,7 +224,7 @@ describe("Widget module", function() {
 		// Render the widget node to the DOM
 		var wrapper = renderWidgetNode(widgetNode);
 		// Test the rendering
-		expect(wrapper.innerHTML).toBe("<p>My Jolly Old World is Jolly</p>");
+		expect(wrapper.innerHTML).toBe("<p dir=\"auto\">My Jolly Old World is Jolly</p>");
 	});
 
 	it("should render the view widget", function() {
@@ -239,7 +239,7 @@ describe("Widget module", function() {
 		// Render the widget node to the DOM
 		var wrapper = renderWidgetNode(widgetNode);
 		// Test the rendering
-		expect(wrapper.innerHTML).toBe("<p>Jolly Old World</p>");
+		expect(wrapper.innerHTML).toBe("<p dir=\"auto\">Jolly Old World</p>");
 		// Test the sequence numbers in the DOM
 		expect(wrapper.sequenceNumber).toBe(0);
 		expect(wrapper.children[0].sequenceNumber).toBe(1);
@@ -249,7 +249,7 @@ describe("Widget module", function() {
 		// Refresh
 		refreshWidgetNode(widgetNode,wrapper,["TiddlerOne"]);
 		// Test the refreshing
-		expect(wrapper.innerHTML).toBe("<p>World-wide Jelly</p>");
+		expect(wrapper.innerHTML).toBe("<p dir=\"auto\">World-wide Jelly</p>");
 		// Test the sequence numbers in the DOM
 		expect(wrapper.sequenceNumber).toBe(0);
 		expect(wrapper.children[0].sequenceNumber).toBe(1);
@@ -271,13 +271,13 @@ describe("Widget module", function() {
 		// Render the widget node to the DOM
 		var wrapper = renderWidgetNode(widgetNode);
 		// Test the rendering
-		expect(wrapper.innerHTML).toBe("<p>My Jolly Old World is Jolly</p>");
+		expect(wrapper.innerHTML).toBe("<p dir=\"auto\">My Jolly Old World is Jolly</p>");
 		// Change the transcluded tiddler
 		wiki.addTiddler({title: "TiddlerFour", text: "TiddlerOne"});
 		// Refresh
 		refreshWidgetNode(widgetNode,wrapper,["TiddlerFour"]);
 		// Test the refreshing
-		expect(wrapper.innerHTML).toBe("<p>My Jolly Old World is Jolly</p>");
+		expect(wrapper.innerHTML).toBe("<p dir=\"auto\">My Jolly Old World is Jolly</p>");
 		// Test the sequence numbers in the DOM
 		expect(wrapper.sequenceNumber).toBe(0);
 		expect(wrapper.children[0].sequenceNumber).toBe(1);
@@ -303,7 +303,7 @@ describe("Widget module", function() {
 					"<$transclude field=<<field>>/></$let>";
 		var widgetNode = createWidgetNode(parseText(text,wiki),wiki);
 		var wrapper = renderWidgetNode(widgetNode);
-		expect(wrapper.innerHTML).toBe("<p>Happy Result</p>");
+		expect(wrapper.innerHTML).toBe("<p dir=\"auto\">Happy Result</p>");
 
 		// This is important. $Let needs to be aware enough not to let its
 		// own variables interfere with its ability to recognise no change.
@@ -328,7 +328,7 @@ describe("Widget module", function() {
 		// Render the widget node to the DOM
 		var wrapper = renderWidgetNode(widgetNode);
 		// Test the rendering
-		expect(wrapper.innerHTML).toBe("<p><div class=\"My something something,  or other thing\">Content</div></p>");
+		expect(wrapper.innerHTML).toBe("<p dir=\"auto\"><div class=\"My something something,  or other thing\">Content</div></p>");
 	});
 
 	it("should deal with built-in macros", function() {
@@ -343,7 +343,7 @@ describe("Widget module", function() {
 		// Render the widget node to the DOM
 		var wrapper = renderWidgetNode(widgetNode);
 		// Test the rendering
-		expect(wrapper.innerHTML).toBe("<p><a href=\"data:text/vnd.tiddlywiki,Jolly%20Old%20World\">My linky link</a></p>");
+		expect(wrapper.innerHTML).toBe("<p dir=\"auto\"><a href=\"data:text/vnd.tiddlywiki,Jolly%20Old%20World\">My linky link</a></p>");
 	});
 
 	/* This test reproduces issue #4693. */
@@ -379,13 +379,13 @@ describe("Widget module", function() {
 		// Render the widget node to the DOM
 		var wrapper = renderWidgetNode(widgetNode);
 		// Test the rendering
-		expect(wrapper.innerHTML).toBe("<p>TiddlerFourTiddlerOneTiddlerThreeTiddlerTwo</p>");
+		expect(wrapper.innerHTML).toBe("<p dir=\"auto\">TiddlerFourTiddlerOneTiddlerThreeTiddlerTwo</p>");
 		// Add another tiddler
 		wiki.addTiddler({title: "TiddlerFive", text: "Jalapeno Peppers"});
 		// Refresh
 		refreshWidgetNode(widgetNode,wrapper,["TiddlerFive"]);
 		// Test the refreshing
-		expect(wrapper.innerHTML).toBe("<p>TiddlerFiveTiddlerFourTiddlerOneTiddlerThreeTiddlerTwo</p>");
+		expect(wrapper.innerHTML).toBe("<p dir=\"auto\">TiddlerFiveTiddlerFourTiddlerOneTiddlerThreeTiddlerTwo</p>");
 		// Test the sequence numbers in the DOM
 		expect(wrapper.sequenceNumber).toBe(0);
 		expect(wrapper.children[0].sequenceNumber).toBe(1);
@@ -399,7 +399,7 @@ describe("Widget module", function() {
 		// Refresh
 		refreshWidgetNode(widgetNode,wrapper,["TiddlerThree"]);
 		// Test the refreshing
-		expect(wrapper.innerHTML).toBe("<p>TiddlerFiveTiddlerFourTiddlerOneTiddlerTwo</p>");
+		expect(wrapper.innerHTML).toBe("<p dir=\"auto\">TiddlerFiveTiddlerFourTiddlerOneTiddlerTwo</p>");
 		// Test the sequence numbers in the DOM
 		expect(wrapper.sequenceNumber).toBe(0);
 		expect(wrapper.children[0].sequenceNumber).toBe(1);
@@ -412,7 +412,7 @@ describe("Widget module", function() {
 		// Refresh
 		refreshWidgetNode(widgetNode,wrapper,["TiddlerThree"]);
 		// Test the refreshing
-		expect(wrapper.innerHTML).toBe("<p>TiddlerFiveTiddlerFourTiddlerOneTiddlerThreeTiddlerTwo</p>");
+		expect(wrapper.innerHTML).toBe("<p dir=\"auto\">TiddlerFiveTiddlerFourTiddlerOneTiddlerThreeTiddlerTwo</p>");
 		// Test the sequence numbers in the DOM
 		expect(wrapper.sequenceNumber).toBe(0);
 		expect(wrapper.children[0].sequenceNumber).toBe(1);
@@ -439,7 +439,7 @@ describe("Widget module", function() {
 		// Render the widget node to the DOM
 		var wrapper = renderWidgetNode(widgetNode);
 		// Test the rendering
-		expect(wrapper.innerHTML).toBe("<p>Lemon Squash1yesnoJolly Old World2nonoGolly Gosh3nonoWorldly Old Jelly4noyes</p>");
+		expect(wrapper.innerHTML).toBe("<p dir=\"auto\">Lemon Squash1yesnoJolly Old World2nonoGolly Gosh3nonoWorldly Old Jelly4noyes</p>");
 		// Test the sequence numbers in the DOM
 		expect(wrapper.sequenceNumber).toBe(0);
 		expect(wrapper.children[0].sequenceNumber).toBe(1);
@@ -464,7 +464,7 @@ describe("Widget module", function() {
 		// Refresh
 		refreshWidgetNode(widgetNode,wrapper,["TiddlerFive"]);
 		// Test the refreshing
-		expect(wrapper.innerHTML).toBe("<p>Jalapeno Peppers1yesnoLemon Squash2nonoJolly Old World3nonoGolly Gosh4nonoWorldly Old Jelly5noyes</p>");
+		expect(wrapper.innerHTML).toBe("<p dir=\"auto\">Jalapeno Peppers1yesnoLemon Squash2nonoJolly Old World3nonoGolly Gosh4nonoWorldly Old Jelly5noyes</p>");
 		// Test the sequence numbers in the DOM
 		expect(wrapper.sequenceNumber).toBe(0);
 		expect(wrapper.children[0].sequenceNumber).toBe(1);
@@ -493,7 +493,7 @@ describe("Widget module", function() {
 		// Refresh
 		refreshWidgetNode(widgetNode,wrapper,["TiddlerThree"]);
 		// Test the refreshing
-		expect(wrapper.innerHTML).toBe("<p>Jalapeno Peppers1yesnoLemon Squash2nonoJolly Old World3nonoWorldly Old Jelly4noyes</p>");
+		expect(wrapper.innerHTML).toBe("<p dir=\"auto\">Jalapeno Peppers1yesnoLemon Squash2nonoJolly Old World3nonoWorldly Old Jelly4noyes</p>");
 		// Test the sequence numbers in the DOM
 		expect(wrapper.sequenceNumber).toBe(0);
 		expect(wrapper.children[0].sequenceNumber).toBe(1);
@@ -518,7 +518,7 @@ describe("Widget module", function() {
 		// Refresh
 		refreshWidgetNode(widgetNode,wrapper,["TiddlerThree"]);
 		// Test the refreshing
-		expect(wrapper.innerHTML).toBe("<p>Jalapeno Peppers1yesnoLemon Squash2nonoJolly Old World3nonoSomething4nonoWorldly Old Jelly5noyes</p>");
+		expect(wrapper.innerHTML).toBe("<p dir=\"auto\">Jalapeno Peppers1yesnoLemon Squash2nonoJolly Old World3nonoSomething4nonoWorldly Old Jelly5noyes</p>");
 		// Test the sequence numbers in the DOM
 		expect(wrapper.sequenceNumber).toBe(0);
 		expect(wrapper.children[0].sequenceNumber).toBe(1);
@@ -543,7 +543,7 @@ describe("Widget module", function() {
 		//Refresh
 		refreshWidgetNode(widgetNode,wrapper,["TiddlerTwo"]);
 		//Test the refreshing
-		expect(wrapper.innerHTML).toBe("<p>Jalapeno Peppers1yesnoLemon Squash2nonoJolly Old World3nonoSomething4noyes</p>");
+		expect(wrapper.innerHTML).toBe("<p dir=\"auto\">Jalapeno Peppers1yesnoLemon Squash2nonoJolly Old World3nonoSomething4noyes</p>");
 		// Test the sequence numbers in the DOM
 		expect(wrapper.sequenceNumber).toBe(0);
 		expect(wrapper.children[0].sequenceNumber).toBe(1);
@@ -575,11 +575,11 @@ describe("Widget module", function() {
 			// Render the widget node to the DOM
 			var wrapper = renderWidgetNode(widgetNode);
 			// Test the rendering
-			expect(wrapper.innerHTML).toBe("<p>" + oldList.split(' ').join(', ') + "</p>");
+			expect(wrapper.innerHTML).toBe("<p dir=\"auto\">" + oldList.split(' ').join(', ') + "</p>");
 			// Change the list and ensure new rendering is still right
 			wiki.addTiddler({title: "Numbers", text: "", list: newList});
 			refreshWidgetNode(widgetNode,wrapper,["Numbers"]);
-			expect(wrapper.innerHTML).toBe("<p>" + newList.split(' ').join(', ') + "</p>");
+			expect(wrapper.innerHTML).toBe("<p dir=\"auto\">" + newList.split(' ').join(', ') + "</p>");
 		}
 	}
 
@@ -614,11 +614,11 @@ describe("Widget module", function() {
 			// Render the widget node to the DOM
 			var wrapper = renderWidgetNode(widgetNode);
 			// Test the rendering
-			expect(wrapper.innerHTML).toBe("<p>" + oldList.split(' ').join(', ') + "</p>");
+			expect(wrapper.innerHTML).toBe("<p dir=\"auto\">" + oldList.split(' ').join(', ') + "</p>");
 			// Append a number
 			wiki.addTiddler({title: "Numbers", text: "", list: newList});
 			refreshWidgetNode(widgetNode,wrapper,["Numbers"]);
-			expect(wrapper.innerHTML).toBe("<p>" + newList.split(' ').join(', ') + "</p>");
+			expect(wrapper.innerHTML).toBe("<p dir=\"auto\">" + newList.split(' ').join(', ') + "</p>");
 		}
 	}
 
@@ -642,7 +642,7 @@ describe("Widget module", function() {
 		// Render the widget node to the DOM
 		var wrapper = renderWidgetNode(widgetNode);
 		// Test the rendering
-		expect(wrapper.innerHTML).toBe("<p>TiddlerFourTiddlerOneTiddlerThreeTiddlerTwoSomething</p>");
+		expect(wrapper.innerHTML).toBe("<p dir=\"auto\">TiddlerFourTiddlerOneTiddlerThreeTiddlerTwoSomething</p>");
 		// Check the next siblings of each of the list elements
 		var listWidget = widgetNode.children[0].children[0];
 		// Add another tiddler
@@ -650,7 +650,7 @@ describe("Widget module", function() {
 		// Refresh
 		refreshWidgetNode(widgetNode,wrapper,["TiddlerFive"]);
 		// Test the refreshing
-		expect(wrapper.innerHTML).toBe("<p>TiddlerFiveTiddlerFourTiddlerOneTiddlerThreeTiddlerTwoSomething</p>");
+		expect(wrapper.innerHTML).toBe("<p dir=\"auto\">TiddlerFiveTiddlerFourTiddlerOneTiddlerThreeTiddlerTwoSomething</p>");
 		// Test the sequence numbers in the DOM
 		expect(wrapper.sequenceNumber).toBe(0);
 		expect(wrapper.children[0].sequenceNumber).toBe(1);
@@ -664,7 +664,7 @@ describe("Widget module", function() {
 		// Refresh
 		refreshWidgetNode(widgetNode,wrapper,["TiddlerThree"]);
 		// Test the refreshing
-		expect(wrapper.innerHTML).toBe("<p>TiddlerFiveTiddlerFourTiddlerOneTiddlerTwoSomething</p>");
+		expect(wrapper.innerHTML).toBe("<p dir=\"auto\">TiddlerFiveTiddlerFourTiddlerOneTiddlerTwoSomething</p>");
 		// Test the sequence numbers in the DOM
 		expect(wrapper.sequenceNumber).toBe(0);
 		expect(wrapper.children[0].sequenceNumber).toBe(1);
@@ -677,7 +677,7 @@ describe("Widget module", function() {
 		// Refresh
 		refreshWidgetNode(widgetNode,wrapper,["TiddlerThree"]);
 		// Test the refreshing
-		expect(wrapper.innerHTML).toBe("<p>TiddlerFiveTiddlerFourTiddlerOneTiddlerThreeTiddlerTwoSomething</p>");
+		expect(wrapper.innerHTML).toBe("<p dir=\"auto\">TiddlerFiveTiddlerFourTiddlerOneTiddlerThreeTiddlerTwoSomething</p>");
 		// Test the sequence numbers in the DOM
 		expect(wrapper.sequenceNumber).toBe(0);
 		expect(wrapper.children[0].sequenceNumber).toBe(1);
@@ -691,7 +691,7 @@ describe("Widget module", function() {
 		// Refresh
 		refreshWidgetNode(widgetNode,wrapper,["YetAnotherTiddler"]);
 		// Test the refreshing
-		expect(wrapper.innerHTML).toBe("<p>TiddlerFiveTiddlerFourTiddlerOneTiddlerThreeTiddlerTwoYetAnotherTiddlerSomething</p>");
+		expect(wrapper.innerHTML).toBe("<p dir=\"auto\">TiddlerFiveTiddlerFourTiddlerOneTiddlerThreeTiddlerTwoYetAnotherTiddlerSomething</p>");
 		// Test the sequence numbers in the DOM
 		expect(wrapper.sequenceNumber).toBe(0);
 		expect(wrapper.children[0].sequenceNumber).toBe(1);
@@ -719,7 +719,7 @@ describe("Widget module", function() {
 		var wrapper = renderWidgetNode(widgetNode);
 //console.log(require("util").inspect(widgetNode,{depth:8,colors:true}));
 		// Test the rendering
-		expect(wrapper.innerHTML).toBe("<p>(TiddlerFour)(TiddlerOne)(TiddlerThree)(TiddlerTwo)</p>");
+		expect(wrapper.innerHTML).toBe("<p dir=\"auto\">(TiddlerFour)(TiddlerOne)(TiddlerThree)(TiddlerTwo)</p>");
 	});
 
 	it("should deal with the list widget and empty lists", function() {
@@ -730,7 +730,7 @@ describe("Widget module", function() {
 		// Render the widget node to the DOM
 		var wrapper = renderWidgetNode(widgetNode);
 		// Test the rendering
-		expect(wrapper.innerHTML).toBe("<p>nothing</p>");
+		expect(wrapper.innerHTML).toBe("<p dir=\"auto\">nothing</p>");
 	});
 
 	it("should refresh lists that become empty", function() {
@@ -748,7 +748,7 @@ describe("Widget module", function() {
 		// Render the widget node to the DOM
 		var wrapper = renderWidgetNode(widgetNode);
 		// Test the rendering
-		expect(wrapper.innerHTML).toBe("<p>TiddlerFourTiddlerOneTiddlerThreeTiddlerTwo</p>");
+		expect(wrapper.innerHTML).toBe("<p dir=\"auto\">TiddlerFourTiddlerOneTiddlerThreeTiddlerTwo</p>");
 		// Get rid of the tiddlers
 		wiki.deleteTiddler("TiddlerOne");
 		wiki.deleteTiddler("TiddlerTwo");
@@ -757,7 +757,7 @@ describe("Widget module", function() {
 		// Refresh
 		refreshWidgetNode(widgetNode,wrapper,["TiddlerOne","TiddlerTwo","TiddlerThree","TiddlerFour"]);
 		// Test the refreshing
-		expect(wrapper.innerHTML).toBe("<p>nothing</p>");
+		expect(wrapper.innerHTML).toBe("<p dir=\"auto\">nothing</p>");
 	});
 
 	/**This test confirms that imported set variables properly refresh
@@ -776,11 +776,11 @@ describe("Widget module", function() {
 		// Render the widget node to the DOM
 		var wrapper = renderWidgetNode(widgetNode);
 		// Test the rendering
-		expect(wrapper.innerHTML).toBe("<p>Initial value</p>");
+		expect(wrapper.innerHTML).toBe("<p dir=\"auto\">Initial value</p>");
 		wiki.addTiddler({title: "Raw", text: "New value"});
 		// Refresh
 		refreshWidgetNode(widgetNode,wrapper,["Raw"]);
-		expect(wrapper.innerHTML).toBe("<p>New value</p>");
+		expect(wrapper.innerHTML).toBe("<p dir=\"auto\">New value</p>");
 	});
 
 	it("should support mixed setWidgets and macros when importing", function() {
@@ -796,7 +796,7 @@ describe("Widget module", function() {
 		// Render the widget node to the DOM
 		var wrapper = renderWidgetNode(widgetNode);
 		// Test the rendering
-		expect(wrapper.innerHTML).toBe("<p>Aval Bval Cval</p>");
+		expect(wrapper.innerHTML).toBe("<p dir=\"auto\">Aval Bval Cval</p>");
 	});
 
 	it("should skip parameters widgets when importing", function() {
@@ -810,7 +810,7 @@ describe("Widget module", function() {
 		// Render the widget node to the DOM
 		var wrapper = renderWidgetNode(widgetNode);
 		// Test the rendering
-		expect(wrapper.innerHTML).toBe("<p>Bval</p>");
+		expect(wrapper.innerHTML).toBe("<p dir=\"auto\">Bval</p>");
 	});
 
 	it("should use default $parameters if directly rendered", function() {
@@ -820,7 +820,7 @@ describe("Widget module", function() {
 		// Render the widget node to the DOM
 		var wrapper = renderWidgetNode(widgetNode);
 		// nothing = true in this attribute form because valueless attributes always equal true.
-		expect(wrapper.innerHTML).toBe("<p>bee=default, $dollar=bill, nothing=true, empty=</p>");
+		expect(wrapper.innerHTML).toBe("<p dir=\"auto\">bee=default, $dollar=bill, nothing=true, empty=</p>");
 	});
 
 	it("should use default \\parameters if directly rendered", function() {
@@ -830,7 +830,7 @@ describe("Widget module", function() {
 		// Render the widget node to the DOM
 		var wrapper = renderWidgetNode(widgetNode);
 		// nothing = true in this attribute form because valueless attributes always equal true.
-		expect(wrapper.innerHTML).toBe("<p>bee=default, $$dollar=bill, nothing=</p>");
+		expect(wrapper.innerHTML).toBe("<p dir=\"auto\">bee=default, $$dollar=bill, nothing=</p>");
 	});
 
 	it("can have more than one macroDef variable imported", function() {
@@ -844,7 +844,7 @@ describe("Widget module", function() {
 		// Render the widget node to the DOM
 		var wrapper = renderWidgetNode(widgetNode);
 		// Test the rendering
-		expect(wrapper.innerHTML).toBe("<p>A B C D</p>");
+		expect(wrapper.innerHTML).toBe("<p dir=\"auto\">A B C D</p>");
 	});
 
 	it("import doesn't hold onto dead variables", function() {
@@ -893,7 +893,7 @@ describe("Widget module", function() {
 		// Render the widget node to the DOM
 		var wrapper = renderWidgetNode(widgetNode);
 		// Test the rendering
-		expect(wrapper.innerHTML).toBe("<p>Don't forget me.</p>");
+		expect(wrapper.innerHTML).toBe("<p dir=\"auto\">Don't forget me.</p>");
 	});
 
 	/** Special case. \import should parse correctly, even if it's
diff --git a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/test-wikitext-parser.js b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/test-wikitext-parser.js
index c35ad1dce..75d23a6b7 100644
--- a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/test-wikitext-parser.js
+++ b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/test-wikitext-parser.js
@@ -23,87 +23,87 @@ describe("WikiText parser tests", function() {
 	it("should parse tags", function() {
 		expect(parse("<br>")).toEqual(
 
-			[ { type : 'element', tag : 'p', start : 0, end : 4, children : [ { type : 'element', tag : 'br', start : 0, end : 4, openTagStart: 0, openTagEnd: 4, rule: 'html', isBlock : false, attributes : {  }, orderedAttributes: [ ] } ] } ]
+			[ { type : 'element', tag : 'p', attributes : { dir : { type : 'string', value : 'auto' } }, start : 0, end : 4, children : [ { type : 'element', tag : 'br', start : 0, end : 4, openTagStart: 0, openTagEnd: 4, rule: 'html', isBlock : false, attributes : {  }, orderedAttributes: [ ] } ] } ]
 
 		);
 		expect(parse("</br>")).toEqual(
 
-			[ { type : 'element', tag : 'p', start : 0, end : 5, children : [ { type : 'text', text : '</br>', start : 0, end : 5 } ] } ]
+			[ { type : 'element', tag : 'p', attributes : { dir : { type : 'string', value : 'auto' } }, start : 0, end : 5, children : [ { type : 'text', text : '</br>', start : 0, end : 5 } ] } ]
 
 		);
 		expect(parse("<div>")).toEqual(
 
-			[ { type : 'element', tag : 'p', start : 0, end : 5, children : [ { type : 'element', tag : 'div', start : 0, end : 5, openTagStart: 0, openTagEnd: 5, closeTagStart: 5, closeTagEnd: 5, rule: 'html', isBlock : false, attributes : {  }, orderedAttributes: [ ], children : [  ] } ] } ]
+			[ { type : 'element', tag : 'p', attributes : { dir : { type : 'string', value : 'auto' } }, start : 0, end : 5, children : [ { type : 'element', tag : 'div', start : 0, end : 5, openTagStart: 0, openTagEnd: 5, closeTagStart: 5, closeTagEnd: 5, rule: 'html', isBlock : false, attributes : {  }, orderedAttributes: [ ], children : [  ] } ] } ]
 
 		);
 		expect(parse("<div/>")).toEqual(
 
-			[ { type : 'element', tag : 'p', start : 0, end : 6, children : [ { type : 'element', tag : 'div', isSelfClosing : true, isBlock : false, attributes : {  }, orderedAttributes: [ ], start : 0, end : 6, rule: 'html' } ] } ]
+			[ { type : 'element', tag : 'p', attributes : { dir : { type : 'string', value : 'auto' } }, start : 0, end : 6, children : [ { type : 'element', tag : 'div', isSelfClosing : true, isBlock : false, attributes : {  }, orderedAttributes: [ ], start : 0, end : 6, rule: 'html' } ] } ]
 
 		);
 		expect(parse("<div></div>")).toEqual(
 
-			[ { type : 'element', tag : 'p', start : 0, end : 11, children : [ { type : 'element', tag : 'div', isBlock : false, attributes : {  }, orderedAttributes: [ ], children : [ ], start : 0, end : 11, openTagStart: 0, openTagEnd: 5, closeTagStart: 5, closeTagEnd: 11, rule: 'html' } ] } ]
+			[ { type : 'element', tag : 'p', attributes : { dir : { type : 'string', value : 'auto' } }, start : 0, end : 11, children : [ { type : 'element', tag : 'div', isBlock : false, attributes : {  }, orderedAttributes: [ ], children : [ ], start : 0, end : 11, openTagStart: 0, openTagEnd: 5, closeTagStart: 5, closeTagEnd: 11, rule: 'html' } ] } ]
 
 		);
 		expect(parse("<div>some text</div>")).toEqual(
 
-			[ { type : 'element', tag : 'p', start : 0, end : 20, children : [ { type : 'element', tag : 'div', openTagStart: 0, openTagEnd: 5, closeTagStart: 14, closeTagEnd: 20, rule: 'html', isBlock : false, attributes : {  }, orderedAttributes: [ ], children : [ { type : 'text', text : 'some text', start : 5, end : 14 } ], start : 0, end : 20 } ] } ]
+			[ { type : 'element', tag : 'p', attributes : { dir : { type : 'string', value : 'auto' } }, start : 0, end : 20, children : [ { type : 'element', tag : 'div', openTagStart: 0, openTagEnd: 5, closeTagStart: 14, closeTagEnd: 20, rule: 'html', isBlock : false, attributes : {  }, orderedAttributes: [ ], children : [ { type : 'text', text : 'some text', start : 5, end : 14 } ], start : 0, end : 20 } ] } ]
 
 		);
 		expect(parse("<div attribute>some text</div>")).toEqual(
 
-			[ { type : 'element', tag : 'p', start : 0, end : 30, children : [ { type : 'element', tag : 'div', isBlock : false, attributes : { attribute : { type : 'string', value : 'true', start : 4, end : 14, name: 'attribute' } }, orderedAttributes: [ { type : 'string', value : 'true', start : 4, end : 14, name: 'attribute' } ], children : [ { type : 'text', text : 'some text', start : 15, end : 24 } ], start : 0, end : 30, openTagStart: 0, openTagEnd: 15, closeTagStart: 24, closeTagEnd: 30, rule: 'html' } ] } ]
+			[ { type : 'element', tag : 'p', attributes : { dir : { type : 'string', value : 'auto' } }, start : 0, end : 30, children : [ { type : 'element', tag : 'div', isBlock : false, attributes : { attribute : { type : 'string', value : 'true', start : 4, end : 14, name: 'attribute' } }, orderedAttributes: [ { type : 'string', value : 'true', start : 4, end : 14, name: 'attribute' } ], children : [ { type : 'text', text : 'some text', start : 15, end : 24 } ], start : 0, end : 30, openTagStart: 0, openTagEnd: 15, closeTagStart: 24, closeTagEnd: 30, rule: 'html' } ] } ]
 
 		);
 		expect(parse("<div attribute='value'>some text</div>")).toEqual(
-			[ { type : 'element', tag : 'p', start : 0, end : 38, children : [ { type : 'element', tag : 'div', openTagStart: 0, openTagEnd: 23, closeTagStart: 32, closeTagEnd: 38, rule: 'html', isBlock : false, attributes : { attribute : { type : 'string', name: 'attribute', value : 'value', start: 4, end: 22 } }, orderedAttributes: [ { type: 'string', name: 'attribute', value : 'value', start: 4, end: 22 } ], children : [ { type : 'text', text : 'some text', start : 23, end : 32 } ], start : 0, end : 38 } ] } ]
+			[ { type : 'element', tag : 'p', attributes : { dir : { type : 'string', value : 'auto' } }, start : 0, end : 38, children : [ { type : 'element', tag : 'div', openTagStart: 0, openTagEnd: 23, closeTagStart: 32, closeTagEnd: 38, rule: 'html', isBlock : false, attributes : { attribute : { type : 'string', name: 'attribute', value : 'value', start: 4, end: 22 } }, orderedAttributes: [ { type: 'string', name: 'attribute', value : 'value', start: 4, end: 22 } ], children : [ { type : 'text', text : 'some text', start : 23, end : 32 } ], start : 0, end : 38 } ] } ]
 
 		);
 		expect(parse("<div attribute={{TiddlerTitle}}>some text</div>")).toEqual(
 
-			[ { type : 'element', tag : 'p', start: 0, end: 47, children : [ { type : 'element', tag : 'div', isBlock : false, attributes : { attribute : { type : 'indirect', name: 'attribute', textReference : 'TiddlerTitle', start : 4, end : 31 } }, orderedAttributes: [ { type : 'indirect', name: 'attribute', textReference : 'TiddlerTitle', start : 4, end : 31 } ], children : [ { type : 'text', text : 'some text', start : 32, end : 41 } ], start : 0, end : 47, openTagStart: 0, openTagEnd: 32, closeTagStart: 41, closeTagEnd: 47, rule: 'html' } ] } ]
+			[ { type : 'element', tag : 'p', attributes : { dir : { type : 'string', value : 'auto' } }, start: 0, end: 47, children : [ { type : 'element', tag : 'div', isBlock : false, attributes : { attribute : { type : 'indirect', name: 'attribute', textReference : 'TiddlerTitle', start : 4, end : 31 } }, orderedAttributes: [ { type : 'indirect', name: 'attribute', textReference : 'TiddlerTitle', start : 4, end : 31 } ], children : [ { type : 'text', text : 'some text', start : 32, end : 41 } ], start : 0, end : 47, openTagStart: 0, openTagEnd: 32, closeTagStart: 41, closeTagEnd: 47, rule: 'html' } ] } ]
 
 		);
 		expect(parse("<$reveal state='$:/temp/search' type='nomatch' text=''>")).toEqual(
 
-			[ { type : 'element', tag : 'p', start: 0, end: 55, children : [ { type : 'reveal', tag: '$reveal', rule: 'html', attributes : { state : { start : 8, name : 'state', type : 'string', value : '$:/temp/search', end : 31 }, type : { start : 31, name : 'type', type : 'string', value : 'nomatch', end : 46 }, text : { start : 46, name : 'text', type : 'string', value : '', end : 54 } }, orderedAttributes: [ { start : 8, name : 'state', type : 'string', value : '$:/temp/search', end : 31 }, { start : 31, name : 'type', type : 'string', value : 'nomatch', end : 46 }, { start : 46, name : 'text', type : 'string', value : '', end : 54 } ], start: 0, end : 55, openTagStart: 0, openTagEnd: 55, closeTagStart: 55, closeTagEnd: 55, isBlock : false, children : [  ] } ] } ]
+			[ { type : 'element', tag : 'p', attributes : { dir : { type : 'string', value : 'auto' } }, start: 0, end: 55, children : [ { type : 'reveal', tag: '$reveal', rule: 'html', attributes : { state : { start : 8, name : 'state', type : 'string', value : '$:/temp/search', end : 31 }, type : { start : 31, name : 'type', type : 'string', value : 'nomatch', end : 46 }, text : { start : 46, name : 'text', type : 'string', value : '', end : 54 } }, orderedAttributes: [ { start : 8, name : 'state', type : 'string', value : '$:/temp/search', end : 31 }, { start : 31, name : 'type', type : 'string', value : 'nomatch', end : 46 }, { start : 46, name : 'text', type : 'string', value : '', end : 54 } ], start: 0, end : 55, openTagStart: 0, openTagEnd: 55, closeTagStart: 55, closeTagEnd: 55, isBlock : false, children : [  ] } ] } ]
 
 		);
 		expect(parse("<div attribute={{TiddlerTitle!!field}}>some text</div>")).toEqual(
 
-			[ { type : 'element', tag : 'p', start: 0, end: 54, children : [ { type : 'element', tag : 'div', rule: 'html', isBlock : false, attributes : { attribute : { type : 'indirect', name : 'attribute', textReference : 'TiddlerTitle!!field', start : 4, end : 38 } }, orderedAttributes: [ { type : 'indirect', name : 'attribute', textReference : 'TiddlerTitle!!field', start : 4, end : 38 } ], children : [ { type : 'text', text : 'some text', start : 39, end : 48 } ], start : 0, end : 54, openTagStart: 0, openTagEnd: 39, closeTagStart: 48, closeTagEnd: 54 } ] } ]
+			[ { type : 'element', tag : 'p', attributes : { dir : { type : 'string', value : 'auto' } }, start: 0, end: 54, children : [ { type : 'element', tag : 'div', rule: 'html', isBlock : false, attributes : { attribute : { type : 'indirect', name : 'attribute', textReference : 'TiddlerTitle!!field', start : 4, end : 38 } }, orderedAttributes: [ { type : 'indirect', name : 'attribute', textReference : 'TiddlerTitle!!field', start : 4, end : 38 } ], children : [ { type : 'text', text : 'some text', start : 39, end : 48 } ], start : 0, end : 54, openTagStart: 0, openTagEnd: 39, closeTagStart: 48, closeTagEnd: 54 } ] } ]
 
 		);
 		expect(parse("<div attribute={{Tiddler Title!!field}}>some text</div>")).toEqual(
 
-			[ { type : 'element', tag : 'p', start: 0, end: 55, children : [ { type : 'element', tag : 'div', rule: 'html', isBlock : false, attributes : { attribute : { type : 'indirect', name : 'attribute', textReference : 'Tiddler Title!!field', start : 4, end : 39 } }, orderedAttributes: [ { type : 'indirect', name : 'attribute', textReference : 'Tiddler Title!!field', start : 4, end : 39 } ], children : [ { type : 'text', text : 'some text', start : 40, end : 49 } ], start : 0, end : 55, openTagStart: 0, openTagEnd: 40, closeTagStart: 49, closeTagEnd: 55 } ] } ]
+			[ { type : 'element', tag : 'p', attributes : { dir : { type : 'string', value : 'auto' } }, start: 0, end: 55, children : [ { type : 'element', tag : 'div', rule: 'html', isBlock : false, attributes : { attribute : { type : 'indirect', name : 'attribute', textReference : 'Tiddler Title!!field', start : 4, end : 39 } }, orderedAttributes: [ { type : 'indirect', name : 'attribute', textReference : 'Tiddler Title!!field', start : 4, end : 39 } ], children : [ { type : 'text', text : 'some text', start : 40, end : 49 } ], start : 0, end : 55, openTagStart: 0, openTagEnd: 40, closeTagStart: 49, closeTagEnd: 55 } ] } ]
 
 		);
 		expect(parse("<div attribute={{TiddlerTitle!!field}}>\n\nsome text</div>")).toEqual(
 
-			[ { type : 'element', start : 0, attributes : { attribute : { start : 4, name : 'attribute', type : 'indirect', textReference : 'TiddlerTitle!!field', end : 38 } }, orderedAttributes: [ { start : 4, name : 'attribute', type : 'indirect', textReference : 'TiddlerTitle!!field', end : 38 } ], tag : 'div', rule: 'html', end : 56, openTagStart: 0, openTagEnd: 39, closeTagStart: 50, closeTagEnd: 56, isBlock : true, children : [ { type : 'element', tag : 'p', start : 41, end : 50, children : [ { type : 'text', text : 'some text', start : 41, end : 50 } ] } ] } ]
+			[ { type : 'element', start : 0, attributes : { attribute : { start : 4, name : 'attribute', type : 'indirect', textReference : 'TiddlerTitle!!field', end : 38 } }, orderedAttributes: [ { start : 4, name : 'attribute', type : 'indirect', textReference : 'TiddlerTitle!!field', end : 38 } ], tag : 'div', rule: 'html', end : 56, openTagStart: 0, openTagEnd: 39, closeTagStart: 50, closeTagEnd: 56, isBlock : true, children : [ { type : 'element', tag : 'p', attributes : { dir : { type : 'string', value : 'auto' } }, start : 41, end : 50, children : [ { type : 'text', text : 'some text', start : 41, end : 50 } ] } ] } ]
 
 		);
 		expect(parse("<div><div attribute={{TiddlerTitle!!field}}>\n\nsome text</div></div>")).toEqual(
 
-			[ { type : 'element', tag : 'p', start: 0, end: 67, children : [ { type : 'element', start : 0, end: 67, openTagStart: 0, openTagEnd: 5, closeTagStart: 61, closeTagEnd: 67, attributes : {  }, orderedAttributes: [ ], tag : 'div', rule: 'html', isBlock : false, children : [ { type : 'element', start : 5, attributes : { attribute : { start : 9, name : 'attribute', type : 'indirect', textReference : 'TiddlerTitle!!field', end : 43 } }, orderedAttributes: [ { start : 9, name : 'attribute', type : 'indirect', textReference : 'TiddlerTitle!!field', end : 43 } ], tag : 'div', end : 61, openTagStart: 5, openTagEnd: 44, closeTagStart: 55, closeTagEnd: 61, rule: 'html', isBlock : true, children : [ { type : 'element', tag : 'p', start : 46, end : 55, children : [ { type : 'text', text : 'some text', start : 46, end : 55 } ] } ] } ] } ] } ]
+			[ { type : 'element', tag : 'p', attributes : { dir : { type : 'string', value : 'auto' } }, start: 0, end: 67, children : [ { type : 'element', start : 0, end: 67, openTagStart: 0, openTagEnd: 5, closeTagStart: 61, closeTagEnd: 67, attributes : {  }, orderedAttributes: [ ], tag : 'div', rule: 'html', isBlock : false, children : [ { type : 'element', start : 5, attributes : { attribute : { start : 9, name : 'attribute', type : 'indirect', textReference : 'TiddlerTitle!!field', end : 43 } }, orderedAttributes: [ { start : 9, name : 'attribute', type : 'indirect', textReference : 'TiddlerTitle!!field', end : 43 } ], tag : 'div', end : 61, openTagStart: 5, openTagEnd: 44, closeTagStart: 55, closeTagEnd: 61, rule: 'html', isBlock : true, children : [ { type : 'element', tag : 'p', attributes : { dir : { type : 'string', value : 'auto' } }, start : 46, end : 55, children : [ { type : 'text', text : 'some text', start : 46, end : 55 } ] } ] } ] } ] } ]
 
 		);
 		expect(parse("<div><div attribute={{TiddlerTitle!!field}}>\n\n!some heading</div></div>")).toEqual(
 
-			[ { type : 'element', tag : 'p', start: 0, end: 71, children : [ { type : 'element', start : 0, end: 71, openTagStart: 0, openTagEnd: 5, closeTagStart: 71, closeTagEnd: 71, attributes : {  }, orderedAttributes: [ ], tag : 'div', rule: 'html', isBlock : false, children : [ { type : 'element', start : 5, attributes : { attribute : { start : 9, name : 'attribute', type : 'indirect', textReference : 'TiddlerTitle!!field', end : 43 } }, orderedAttributes: [ { start : 9, name : 'attribute', type : 'indirect', textReference : 'TiddlerTitle!!field', end : 43 } ], tag : 'div', end : 71, openTagStart: 5, openTagEnd: 44, closeTagStart: 71, closeTagEnd: 71, rule: 'html', isBlock : true, children : [ { type : 'element', tag : 'h1', start: 46, end: 71, rule: 'heading', attributes : { class : { type : 'string', value : '', start: 47, end: 47 } }, children : [ { type : 'text', text : 'some heading</div></div>', start : 47, end : 71 } ] } ] } ] } ] } ]
+			[ { type : 'element', tag : 'p', attributes : { dir : { type : 'string', value : 'auto' } }, start: 0, end: 71, children : [ { type : 'element', start : 0, end: 71, openTagStart: 0, openTagEnd: 5, closeTagStart: 71, closeTagEnd: 71, attributes : {  }, orderedAttributes: [ ], tag : 'div', rule: 'html', isBlock : false, children : [ { type : 'element', start : 5, attributes : { attribute : { start : 9, name : 'attribute', type : 'indirect', textReference : 'TiddlerTitle!!field', end : 43 } }, orderedAttributes: [ { start : 9, name : 'attribute', type : 'indirect', textReference : 'TiddlerTitle!!field', end : 43 } ], tag : 'div', end : 71, openTagStart: 5, openTagEnd: 44, closeTagStart: 71, closeTagEnd: 71, rule: 'html', isBlock : true, children : [ { type : 'element', tag : 'h1', start: 46, end: 71, rule: 'heading', attributes : { class : { type : 'string', value : '', start: 47, end: 47 } }, children : [ { type : 'text', text : 'some heading</div></div>', start : 47, end : 71 } ] } ] } ] } ] } ]
 
 		);
 		expect(parse("<div><div attribute={{TiddlerTitle!!field}}>\n!some heading</div></div>")).toEqual(
 
-			[ { type : 'element', tag : 'p', start: 0, end: 70, children : [ { type : 'element', start : 0, end: 70, openTagStart: 0, openTagEnd: 5, closeTagStart: 64, closeTagEnd: 70, attributes : {  }, orderedAttributes: [ ], tag : 'div', rule: 'html', isBlock : false, children : [ { type : 'element', start : 5, attributes : { attribute : { start : 9, name : 'attribute', type : 'indirect', textReference : 'TiddlerTitle!!field', end : 43 } }, orderedAttributes: [ { start : 9, name : 'attribute', type : 'indirect', textReference : 'TiddlerTitle!!field', end : 43 } ], tag : 'div', end : 64, openTagStart: 5, openTagEnd: 44, closeTagStart: 58, closeTagEnd: 64, rule: 'html', isBlock : false, children : [ { type : 'text', text : '\n!some heading', start : 44, end : 58 } ] } ] } ] } ]
+			[ { type : 'element', tag : 'p', attributes : { dir : { type : 'string', value : 'auto' } }, start: 0, end: 70, children : [ { type : 'element', start : 0, end: 70, openTagStart: 0, openTagEnd: 5, closeTagStart: 64, closeTagEnd: 70, attributes : {  }, orderedAttributes: [ ], tag : 'div', rule: 'html', isBlock : false, children : [ { type : 'element', start : 5, attributes : { attribute : { start : 9, name : 'attribute', type : 'indirect', textReference : 'TiddlerTitle!!field', end : 43 } }, orderedAttributes: [ { start : 9, name : 'attribute', type : 'indirect', textReference : 'TiddlerTitle!!field', end : 43 } ], tag : 'div', end : 64, openTagStart: 5, openTagEnd: 44, closeTagStart: 58, closeTagEnd: 64, rule: 'html', isBlock : false, children : [ { type : 'text', text : '\n!some heading', start : 44, end : 58 } ] } ] } ] } ]
 
 		);
 		// Regression test for issue (#3306)
 		expect(parse("<div><span><span>\n\nSome text</span></span></div>")).toEqual(
 
-			[ { type : 'element', tag : 'p', start: 0, end: 48, children : [ { type : 'element', start : 0, end: 48, openTagStart: 0, openTagEnd: 5, closeTagStart: 42, closeTagEnd: 48, attributes : {  }, orderedAttributes: [ ], tag : 'div', rule: 'html', isBlock : false, children : [ { type : 'element', start : 5, attributes : {  }, orderedAttributes: [ ], tag : 'span', end : 42, openTagStart: 5, openTagEnd: 11, closeTagStart: 35, closeTagEnd: 42, rule: 'html', isBlock : false, children : [ { type : 'element', start : 11, attributes : {  }, orderedAttributes: [ ], tag : 'span', end : 35, openTagStart: 11, openTagEnd: 17, closeTagStart: 28, closeTagEnd: 35, rule: 'html', isBlock : true, children : [ { type : 'element', tag : 'p', start : 19, end : 28, children : [ { type : 'text', text : 'Some text', start : 19, end : 28 } ] } ] } ] } ] } ] } ]
+			[ { type : 'element', tag : 'p', attributes : { dir : { type : 'string', value : 'auto' } }, start: 0, end: 48, children : [ { type : 'element', start : 0, end: 48, openTagStart: 0, openTagEnd: 5, closeTagStart: 42, closeTagEnd: 48, attributes : {  }, orderedAttributes: [ ], tag : 'div', rule: 'html', isBlock : false, children : [ { type : 'element', start : 5, attributes : {  }, orderedAttributes: [ ], tag : 'span', end : 42, openTagStart: 5, openTagEnd: 11, closeTagStart: 35, closeTagEnd: 42, rule: 'html', isBlock : false, children : [ { type : 'element', start : 11, attributes : {  }, orderedAttributes: [ ], tag : 'span', end : 35, openTagStart: 11, openTagEnd: 17, closeTagStart: 28, closeTagEnd: 35, rule: 'html', isBlock : true, children : [ { type : 'element', tag : 'p', attributes : { dir : { type : 'string', value : 'auto' } }, start : 19, end : 28, children : [ { type : 'text', text : 'Some text', start : 19, end : 28 } ] } ] } ] } ] } ] } ]
 
 		);
 	});
@@ -203,38 +203,38 @@ describe("WikiText parser tests", function() {
 	it("should parse inline macro calls", function() {
 		expect(parse("<<john>><<paul>><<george>><<ringo>>")).toEqual(
 
-			[{"type":"element","tag":"p","children":[{"type":"transclude","start":0,"end":8,"rule":"macrocallinline","attributes":{"$variable":{"name":"$variable","type":"string","value":"john"}},"orderedAttributes":[{"name":"$variable","type":"string","value":"john"}]},{"type":"transclude","start":8,"end":16,"rule":"macrocallinline","attributes":{"$variable":{"name":"$variable","type":"string","value":"paul"}},"orderedAttributes":[{"name":"$variable","type":"string","value":"paul"}]},{"type":"transclude","start":16,"end":26,"rule":"macrocallinline","attributes":{"$variable":{"name":"$variable","type":"string","value":"george"}},"orderedAttributes":[{"name":"$variable","type":"string","value":"george"}]},{"type":"transclude","start":26,"end":35,"rule":"macrocallinline","attributes":{"$variable":{"name":"$variable","type":"string","value":"ringo"}},"orderedAttributes":[{"name":"$variable","type":"string","value":"ringo"}]}],"start":0,"end":35}]
+			[{"type":"element","tag":"p", attributes : { dir : { type : 'string', value : 'auto' } },"children":[{"type":"transclude","start":0,"end":8,"rule":"macrocallinline","attributes":{"$variable":{"name":"$variable","type":"string","value":"john"}},"orderedAttributes":[{"name":"$variable","type":"string","value":"john"}]},{"type":"transclude","start":8,"end":16,"rule":"macrocallinline","attributes":{"$variable":{"name":"$variable","type":"string","value":"paul"}},"orderedAttributes":[{"name":"$variable","type":"string","value":"paul"}]},{"type":"transclude","start":16,"end":26,"rule":"macrocallinline","attributes":{"$variable":{"name":"$variable","type":"string","value":"george"}},"orderedAttributes":[{"name":"$variable","type":"string","value":"george"}]},{"type":"transclude","start":26,"end":35,"rule":"macrocallinline","attributes":{"$variable":{"name":"$variable","type":"string","value":"ringo"}},"orderedAttributes":[{"name":"$variable","type":"string","value":"ringo"}]}],"start":0,"end":35}]
 
 		);
 		expect(parse("text <<john one:val1 two: 'val \"2\"' three: \"val '3'\" four: \"\"\"val 4\"5'\"\"\" five: [[val 5]] >>")).toEqual(
 
-			[{"type":"element","tag":"p","children":[{"type":"text","text":"text ","start":0,"end":5},{"type":"transclude","start":5,"end":92,"rule":"macrocallinline","attributes":{"$variable":{"name":"$variable","type":"string","value":"john"},"one":{"name":"one","type":"string","value":"val1","start":11,"end":20},"two":{"name":"two","type":"string","value":"val \"2\"","start":20,"end":35},"three":{"name":"three","type":"string","value":"val '3'","start":35,"end":52},"four":{"name":"four","type":"string","value":"val 4\"5'","start":52,"end":73},"five":{"name":"five","type":"string","value":"val 5","start":73,"end":89}},"orderedAttributes":[{"name":"$variable","type":"string","value":"john"},{"name":"one","type":"string","value":"val1","start":11,"end":20},{"name":"two","type":"string","value":"val \"2\"","start":20,"end":35},{"name":"three","type":"string","value":"val '3'","start":35,"end":52},{"name":"four","type":"string","value":"val 4\"5'","start":52,"end":73},{"name":"five","type":"string","value":"val 5","start":73,"end":89}]}],"start":0,"end":92}]
+			[{"type":"element","tag":"p", attributes : { dir : { type : 'string', value : 'auto' } },"children":[{"type":"text","text":"text ","start":0,"end":5},{"type":"transclude","start":5,"end":92,"rule":"macrocallinline","attributes":{"$variable":{"name":"$variable","type":"string","value":"john"},"one":{"name":"one","type":"string","value":"val1","start":11,"end":20},"two":{"name":"two","type":"string","value":"val \"2\"","start":20,"end":35},"three":{"name":"three","type":"string","value":"val '3'","start":35,"end":52},"four":{"name":"four","type":"string","value":"val 4\"5'","start":52,"end":73},"five":{"name":"five","type":"string","value":"val 5","start":73,"end":89}},"orderedAttributes":[{"name":"$variable","type":"string","value":"john"},{"name":"one","type":"string","value":"val1","start":11,"end":20},{"name":"two","type":"string","value":"val \"2\"","start":20,"end":35},{"name":"three","type":"string","value":"val '3'","start":35,"end":52},{"name":"four","type":"string","value":"val 4\"5'","start":52,"end":73},{"name":"five","type":"string","value":"val 5","start":73,"end":89}]}],"start":0,"end":92}]
 
 		);
 		expect(parse("ignored << carrots <<john>>")).toEqual(
 
-			[{"type":"element","tag":"p","children":[{"type":"text","text":"ignored << carrots ","start":0,"end":19},{"type":"transclude","start":19,"end":27,"rule":"macrocallinline","attributes":{"$variable":{"name":"$variable","type":"string","value":"john"}},"orderedAttributes":[{"name":"$variable","type":"string","value":"john"}]}],"start":0,"end":27}]
+			[{"type":"element","tag":"p", attributes : { dir : { type : 'string', value : 'auto' } },"children":[{"type":"text","text":"ignored << carrots ","start":0,"end":19},{"type":"transclude","start":19,"end":27,"rule":"macrocallinline","attributes":{"$variable":{"name":"$variable","type":"string","value":"john"}},"orderedAttributes":[{"name":"$variable","type":"string","value":"john"}]}],"start":0,"end":27}]
 
 		);
 		expect(parse("text <<<john>>")).toEqual(
 
-			[{"type":"element","tag":"p","children":[{"type":"text","text":"text ","start":0,"end":5},{"type":"transclude","start":5,"end":14,"rule":"macrocallinline","attributes":{"$variable":{"name":"$variable","type":"string","value":"<john"}},"orderedAttributes":[{"name":"$variable","type":"string","value":"<john"}]}],"start":0,"end":14}]
+			[{"type":"element","tag":"p", attributes : { dir : { type : 'string', value : 'auto' } },"children":[{"type":"text","text":"text ","start":0,"end":5},{"type":"transclude","start":5,"end":14,"rule":"macrocallinline","attributes":{"$variable":{"name":"$variable","type":"string","value":"<john"}},"orderedAttributes":[{"name":"$variable","type":"string","value":"<john"}]}],"start":0,"end":14}]
 
 		);
 		expect(parse("before\n<<john>>")).toEqual(
 
-			[{"type":"element","tag":"p","children":[{"type":"text","text":"before\n","start":0,"end":7},{"type":"transclude","start":7,"end":15,"rule":"macrocallinline","attributes":{"$variable":{"name":"$variable","type":"string","value":"john"}},"orderedAttributes":[{"name":"$variable","type":"string","value":"john"}]}],"start":0,"end":15}]
+			[{"type":"element","tag":"p", attributes : { dir : { type : 'string', value : 'auto' } },"children":[{"type":"text","text":"before\n","start":0,"end":7},{"type":"transclude","start":7,"end":15,"rule":"macrocallinline","attributes":{"$variable":{"name":"$variable","type":"string","value":"john"}},"orderedAttributes":[{"name":"$variable","type":"string","value":"john"}]}],"start":0,"end":15}]
 
 		);
 		// A single space will cause it to be inline
 		expect(parse("<<john>> ")).toEqual(
 
-			[{"type":"element","tag":"p","children":[{"type":"transclude","start":0,"end":8,"rule":"macrocallinline","attributes":{"$variable":{"name":"$variable","type":"string","value":"john"}},"orderedAttributes":[{"name":"$variable","type":"string","value":"john"}]},{"type":"text","text":" ","start":8,"end":9}],"start":0,"end":9}]
+			[{"type":"element","tag":"p", attributes : { dir : { type : 'string', value : 'auto' } },"children":[{"type":"transclude","start":0,"end":8,"rule":"macrocallinline","attributes":{"$variable":{"name":"$variable","type":"string","value":"john"}},"orderedAttributes":[{"name":"$variable","type":"string","value":"john"}]},{"type":"text","text":" ","start":8,"end":9}],"start":0,"end":9}]
 
 		);
 		expect(parse("text <<outie one:'my <<innie>>' >>")).toEqual(
 
-			[{"type":"element","tag":"p","children":[{"type":"text","text":"text ","start":0,"end":5},{"type":"transclude","start":5,"end":34,"rule":"macrocallinline","attributes":{"$variable":{"name":"$variable","type":"string","value":"outie"},"one":{"name":"one","type":"string","value":"my <<innie>>","start":12,"end":31}},"orderedAttributes":[{"name":"$variable","type":"string","value":"outie"},{"name":"one","type":"string","value":"my <<innie>>","start":12,"end":31}]}],"start":0,"end":34}]
+			[{"type":"element","tag":"p", attributes : { dir : { type : 'string', value : 'auto' } },"children":[{"type":"text","text":"text ","start":0,"end":5},{"type":"transclude","start":5,"end":34,"rule":"macrocallinline","attributes":{"$variable":{"name":"$variable","type":"string","value":"outie"},"one":{"name":"one","type":"string","value":"my <<innie>>","start":12,"end":31}},"orderedAttributes":[{"name":"$variable","type":"string","value":"outie"},{"name":"one","type":"string","value":"my <<innie>>","start":12,"end":31}]}],"start":0,"end":34}]
 
 		);
 
@@ -253,17 +253,17 @@ describe("WikiText parser tests", function() {
 		);
 		expect(parse("<< carrots\n\n<<john>>")).toEqual(
 
-			[ { type: 'element', tag: 'p', start : 0, end : 10, children: [ { type: 'text', text: '<< carrots', start : 0, end : 10 } ] }, { type: 'transclude', start: 12, rule: 'macrocallblock', attributes: { $variable: {name: "$variable", type:"string", value: "john"} }, orderedAttributes: [ {name: "$variable", type:"string", value: "john"} ], end: 20, isBlock: true } ]
+			[ { type: 'element', tag: 'p', attributes : { dir : { type : 'string', value : 'auto' } }, start : 0, end : 10, children: [ { type: 'text', text: '<< carrots', start : 0, end : 10 } ] }, { type: 'transclude', start: 12, rule: 'macrocallblock', attributes: { $variable: {name: "$variable", type:"string", value: "john"} }, orderedAttributes: [ {name: "$variable", type:"string", value: "john"} ], end: 20, isBlock: true } ]
 
 		);
 		expect(parse("before\n\n<<john>>")).toEqual(
 
-			[ { type: 'element', tag: 'p', start : 0, end : 6, children: [ { type: 'text', text: 'before', start : 0, end : 6 } ] }, { type: 'transclude', start: 8, rule: 'macrocallblock', attributes: { $variable: {name: "$variable", type:"string", value: "john"} }, orderedAttributes: [ {name: "$variable", type:"string", value: "john"} ], end: 16, isBlock: true } ]
+			[ { type: 'element', tag: 'p', attributes : { dir : { type : 'string', value : 'auto' } }, start : 0, end : 6, children: [ { type: 'text', text: 'before', start : 0, end : 6 } ] }, { type: 'transclude', start: 8, rule: 'macrocallblock', attributes: { $variable: {name: "$variable", type:"string", value: "john"} }, orderedAttributes: [ {name: "$variable", type:"string", value: "john"} ], end: 16, isBlock: true } ]
 
 		);
 		expect(parse("<<john>>\nafter")).toEqual(
 
-			[ { type: 'transclude', start: 0, rule: 'macrocallblock', attributes: { $variable: {name: "$variable", type:"string", value: "john"} }, orderedAttributes: [ {name: "$variable", type:"string", value: "john"} ], end: 8, isBlock: true }, { type: 'element', tag: 'p', start: 9, end: 14, children: [ { type: 'text', text: 'after', start: 9, end: 14 } ] } ]
+			[ { type: 'transclude', start: 0, rule: 'macrocallblock', attributes: { $variable: {name: "$variable", type:"string", value: "john"} }, orderedAttributes: [ {name: "$variable", type:"string", value: "john"} ], end: 8, isBlock: true }, { type: 'element', tag: 'p', attributes : { dir : { type : 'string', value : 'auto' } }, start: 9, end: 14, children: [ { type: 'text', text: 'after', start: 9, end: 14 } ] } ]
 
 		);
 		expect(parse("<<multiline arg:\"\"\"\n\nwikitext\n\"\"\" >>")).toEqual(
@@ -291,7 +291,7 @@ describe("WikiText parser tests", function() {
 		);
 		expect(parse("<<john param>>>")).toEqual(
 
-			[{"type":"element","tag":"p","children":[{"type":"transclude","start":0,"end":14,"rule":"macrocallinline","attributes":{"0":{"name":"0","type":"string","value":"param","start":6,"end":12},"$variable":{"name":"$variable","type":"string","value":"john"}},"orderedAttributes":[{"name":"$variable","type":"string","value":"john"},{"name":"0","type":"string","value":"param","start":6,"end":12}]},{"type":"text","text":">","start":14,"end":15}],"start":0,"end":15}]
+			[{"type":"element","tag":"p","attributes":{"dir":{type:"string",value:"auto"}},"children":[{"type":"transclude","start":0,"end":14,"rule":"macrocallinline","attributes":{"0":{"name":"0","type":"string","value":"param","start":6,"end":12},"$variable":{"name":"$variable","type":"string","value":"john"}},"orderedAttributes":[{"name":"$variable","type":"string","value":"john"},{"name":"0","type":"string","value":"param","start":6,"end":12}]},{"type":"text","text":">","start":14,"end":15}],"start":0,"end":15}]
 
 		);
 		// equals signs should be allowed
@@ -306,7 +306,7 @@ describe("WikiText parser tests", function() {
 	it("should parse horizontal rules", function() {
 		expect(parse("---Not a rule\n\n----\n\nBetween\n\n---")).toEqual(
 
-			[ { type : 'element', tag : 'p', start : 0, end : 13, children : [ { type : 'entity', entity : '&mdash;', start: 0, end: 3, rule: 'dash' }, { type : 'text', text : 'Not a rule', start : 3, end : 13 } ] }, { type : 'element', tag : 'hr', start: 15, end: 20, rule: 'horizrule' }, { type : 'element', tag : 'p', start : 21, end : 28, children : [ { type : 'text', text : 'Between', start : 21, end : 28 } ] }, { type : 'element', tag : 'hr', start: 30, end: 33, rule: 'horizrule' } ]
+			[ { type : 'element', tag : 'p', attributes : { dir : { type : 'string', value : 'auto' } }, start : 0, end : 13, children : [ { type : 'entity', entity : '&mdash;', start: 0, end: 3, rule: 'dash' }, { type : 'text', text : 'Not a rule', start : 3, end : 13 } ] }, { type : 'element', tag : 'hr', start: 15, end: 20, rule: 'horizrule' }, { type : 'element', tag : 'p', attributes : { dir : { type : 'string', value : 'auto' } }, start : 21, end : 28, children : [ { type : 'text', text : 'Between', start : 21, end : 28 } ] }, { type : 'element', tag : 'hr', start: 30, end: 33, rule: 'horizrule' } ]
 
 		);
 
@@ -315,7 +315,7 @@ describe("WikiText parser tests", function() {
 	it("should parse hard linebreak areas", function() {
 		expect(parse("\"\"\"Something\nin the\nway she moves\n\"\"\"\n\n")).toEqual(
 
-			[ { type : 'element', tag : 'p', children : [ { type : 'text', text : 'Something', start : 3, end : 12, rule: 'hardlinebreaks' }, { type : 'element', tag : 'br', rule: 'hardlinebreaks', start: 12, end: 13 }, { type : 'text', text : 'in the', start : 13, end : 19, rule: 'hardlinebreaks' }, { type : 'element', tag : 'br', rule: 'hardlinebreaks', start: 19, end: 20 }, { type : 'text', text : 'way she moves', start : 20, end : 33, rule: 'hardlinebreaks' }, { type : 'element', tag : 'br', rule: 'hardlinebreaks', start: 33, end: 34 } ], start : 0, end : 37 } ]
+			[ { type : 'element', tag : 'p', attributes : { dir : { type : 'string', value : 'auto' } }, children : [ { type : 'text', text : 'Something', start : 3, end : 12, rule: 'hardlinebreaks' }, { type : 'element', tag : 'br', rule: 'hardlinebreaks', start: 12, end: 13 }, { type : 'text', text : 'in the', start : 13, end : 19, rule: 'hardlinebreaks' }, { type : 'element', tag : 'br', rule: 'hardlinebreaks', start: 19, end: 20 }, { type : 'text', text : 'way she moves', start : 20, end : 33, rule: 'hardlinebreaks' }, { type : 'element', tag : 'br', rule: 'hardlinebreaks', start: 33, end: 34 } ], start : 0, end : 37 } ]
 
 		);
 
diff --git a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/test-wikitext.js b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/test-wikitext.js
index c86cb90d7..264d6e00e 100644
--- a/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/test-wikitext.js
+++ b/editions/test/tiddlers/tests/test-wikitext.js
@@ -31,40 +31,40 @@ describe("WikiText tests", function() {
 	});
 
 	it("should render plain text tiddlers as a paragraph", function() {
-		expect(wiki.renderTiddler("text/html","TiddlerOne")).toBe("<p>The quick brown fox</p>");
+		expect(wiki.renderTiddler("text/html","TiddlerOne")).toBe("<p dir=\"auto\">The quick brown fox</p>");
 	});
 	it("should preserve single new lines", function() {
-		expect(wiki.renderTiddler("text/html","TiddlerTwo")).toBe("<p>The rain in Spain\nfalls mainly on the plain</p>");
+		expect(wiki.renderTiddler("text/html","TiddlerTwo")).toBe("<p dir=\"auto\">The rain in Spain\nfalls mainly on the plain</p>");
 	});
 	it("should use double new lines to create paragraphs", function() {
-		expect(wiki.renderTiddler("text/html","TiddlerThree")).toBe("<p>The speed of sound</p><p>The light of speed</p>");
+		expect(wiki.renderTiddler("text/html","TiddlerThree")).toBe("<p dir=\"auto\">The speed of sound</p><p dir=\"auto\">The light of speed</p>");
 	});
 	it("should support attributes specified as macro invocations", function() {
-		expect(wiki.renderTiddler("text/html","TiddlerFour")).toBe("<p><a class=\"tc-tiddlylink tc-tiddlylink-missing\" href=\"#This%20is%20my%20%27%27amazingly%27%27%20groovy%20macro%21\">This is a link</a></p>");
+		expect(wiki.renderTiddler("text/html","TiddlerFour")).toBe("<p dir=\"auto\"><a class=\"tc-tiddlylink tc-tiddlylink-missing\" href=\"#This%20is%20my%20%27%27amazingly%27%27%20groovy%20macro%21\">This is a link</a></p>");
 	});
 	it("handles style wikitext notation", function() {
 		expect(wiki.renderText("text/html","text/vnd-tiddlywiki","@@.myclass\n!header\n@@")).toBe("<h1 class=\"myclass\">header</h1>");
-		expect(wiki.renderText("text/html","text/vnd-tiddlywiki","@@.myclass\n<div>\n\nContent</div>\n@@")).toBe("<div class=\"myclass\"><p>Content</p></div>");
+		expect(wiki.renderText("text/html","text/vnd-tiddlywiki","@@.myclass\n<div>\n\nContent</div>\n@@")).toBe("<div class=\"myclass\"><p dir=\"auto\">Content</p></div>");
 		expect(wiki.renderText("text/html","text/vnd-tiddlywiki","@@.myclass\n---\n@@")).toBe("<hr class=\"myclass\">");
 		// Test styles can be added too
-		expect(wiki.renderText("text/html","text/vnd-tiddlywiki","@@color:red;\n<div>\n\nContent</div>\n@@")).toBe("<div style=\"color:red;\"><p>Content</p></div>");
+		expect(wiki.renderText("text/html","text/vnd-tiddlywiki","@@color:red;\n<div>\n\nContent</div>\n@@")).toBe("<div style=\"color:red;\"><p dir=\"auto\">Content</p></div>");
 		expect(wiki.renderText("text/html","text/vnd-tiddlywiki","@@color:red;\n---\n@@")).toBe("<hr style=\"color:red;\">");
 	});
 	it("handles inline style wikitext notation", function() {
 		expect(wiki.renderText("text/html","text/vnd-tiddlywiki",
-			"some @@highlighted@@ text")).toBe('<p>some <span class="tc-inline-style">highlighted</span> text</p>');
+			"some @@highlighted@@ text")).toBe('<p dir="auto">some <span class="tc-inline-style">highlighted</span> text</p>');
 		expect(wiki.renderText("text/html","text/vnd-tiddlywiki",
-			"some @@color:green;.tc-inline-style 1 style and 1 class@@ text")).toBe('<p>some <span class=" tc-inline-style " style="color:green;">1 style and 1 class</span> text</p>');
+			"some @@color:green;.tc-inline-style 1 style and 1 class@@ text")).toBe('<p dir="auto">some <span class=" tc-inline-style " style="color:green;">1 style and 1 class</span> text</p>');
 		expect(wiki.renderText("text/html","text/vnd-tiddlywiki",
-			"some @@background-color:red;red@@ text")).toBe('<p>some <span style="background-color:red;">red</span> text</p>');
+			"some @@background-color:red;red@@ text")).toBe('<p dir="auto">some <span style="background-color:red;">red</span> text</p>');
 		expect(wiki.renderText("text/html","text/vnd-tiddlywiki",
-			"some @@.myClass class@@ text")).toBe('<p>some <span class=" myClass ">class</span> text</p>');
+			"some @@.myClass class@@ text")).toBe('<p dir="auto">some <span class=" myClass ">class</span> text</p>');
 		expect(wiki.renderText("text/html","text/vnd-tiddlywiki",
-			"some @@.myClass.secondClass 2 classes@@ text")).toBe('<p>some <span class=" myClass secondClass ">2 classes</span> text</p>');
+			"some @@.myClass.secondClass 2 classes@@ text")).toBe('<p dir="auto">some <span class=" myClass secondClass ">2 classes</span> text</p>');
 		expect(wiki.renderText("text/html","text/vnd-tiddlywiki",
-			"some @@background:red;.myClass style and class@@ text")).toBe('<p>some <span class=" myClass " style="background:red;">style and class</span> text</p>');
+			"some @@background:red;.myClass style and class@@ text")).toBe('<p dir="auto">some <span class=" myClass " style="background:red;">style and class</span> text</p>');
 		expect(wiki.renderText("text/html","text/vnd-tiddlywiki",
-			"some @@background:red;color:white;.myClass 2 style and 1 class@@ text")).toBe('<p>some <span class=" myClass " style="background:red;color:white;">2 style and 1 class</span> text</p>');
+			"some @@background:red;color:white;.myClass 2 style and 1 class@@ text")).toBe('<p dir="auto">some <span class=" myClass " style="background:red;color:white;">2 style and 1 class</span> text</p>');
 	});
 });
 
diff --git a/editions/tw5.com/tiddlers/Right-To-Left Languages.tid b/editions/tw5.com/tiddlers/Right-To-Left Languages.tid
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..d32d01524
--- /dev/null
+++ b/editions/tw5.com/tiddlers/Right-To-Left Languages.tid	
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+created: 20230613162508509
+modified: 20230613162508509
+title: Right-To-Left Languages
+type: text/vnd.tiddlywiki
+
+<<.from-version "5.3.0">> The [[language plugins|Languages]] in TiddlyWiki's plugin library apply the appropriate [["right-to-left" setting|https://www.w3.org/International/questions/qa-html-dir]] to the entire document. To set the right to left setting independently for an individual tiddler, use the `\dir` [[pragma|Pragma]] at the top of the tiddler:
+
+```
+\dir rtl
+This text will be displayed with right-to-left formatting
+```
diff --git a/editions/tw5.com/tiddlers/pragmas/Pragma_ _dir.tid b/editions/tw5.com/tiddlers/pragmas/Pragma_ _dir.tid
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..bc5774e30
--- /dev/null
+++ b/editions/tw5.com/tiddlers/pragmas/Pragma_ _dir.tid	
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+created: 20230613162508509
+modified: 20230613162508509
+tags: Pragmas
+title: Pragma: \dir
+type: text/vnd.tiddlywiki
+
+<<.from-version "5.3.0">> The ''\dir'' [[pragma|Pragmas]] is used to set the text direction of text within a tiddler -- see [[Right-To-Left Languages]].
+
+The ''\dir'' pragma should be used after any procedure, function, widget or macro definitions.
+
+* `\dir ltr` – sets text direction to left-to-right
+* `\dir rtl` – sets text direction to right-to-left
+* `\dir auto` – causes the browser to attempt to automatically deduce the text direction
diff --git a/editions/tw5.com/tiddlers/testcases/DataWidget/FilterMissingTiddler.tid b/editions/tw5.com/tiddlers/testcases/DataWidget/FilterMissingTiddler.tid
index 5c8f242fc..add04d9a2 100644
--- a/editions/tw5.com/tiddlers/testcases/DataWidget/FilterMissingTiddler.tid
+++ b/editions/tw5.com/tiddlers/testcases/DataWidget/FilterMissingTiddler.tid
@@ -14,4 +14,4 @@ title: Output
 +
 title: ExpectedResult
 
-<p>[]</p>
\ No newline at end of file
+<p dir="auto">[]</p>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/editions/tw5.com/tiddlers/testcases/DataWidget/ImportCompound.tid b/editions/tw5.com/tiddlers/testcases/DataWidget/ImportCompound.tid
index 20e967316..950e4b007 100644
--- a/editions/tw5.com/tiddlers/testcases/DataWidget/ImportCompound.tid
+++ b/editions/tw5.com/tiddlers/testcases/DataWidget/ImportCompound.tid
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ This is a payload tiddler from a compound tiddler
 +
 title: ExpectedResult
 
-<p>[
+<p dir="auto">[
     {
         "title": "Payload Tiddler",
         "tags": "Alpha Beta Gamma",
diff --git a/editions/tw5.com/tiddlers/testcases/DataWidget/ImportCustomTitle.tid b/editions/tw5.com/tiddlers/testcases/DataWidget/ImportCustomTitle.tid
index 5eb48cde4..3e6a67d72 100644
--- a/editions/tw5.com/tiddlers/testcases/DataWidget/ImportCustomTitle.tid
+++ b/editions/tw5.com/tiddlers/testcases/DataWidget/ImportCustomTitle.tid
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ This is the tiddler HelloThere
 +
 title: ExpectedResult
 
-<p>[
+<p dir="auto">[
     {
         "title": "RealTitle",
         "tags": "Definitions",
diff --git a/editions/tw5.com/tiddlers/testcases/DataWidget/ImportedFilter.tid b/editions/tw5.com/tiddlers/testcases/DataWidget/ImportedFilter.tid
index 3e7416fe3..0781d920f 100644
--- a/editions/tw5.com/tiddlers/testcases/DataWidget/ImportedFilter.tid
+++ b/editions/tw5.com/tiddlers/testcases/DataWidget/ImportedFilter.tid
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ text: Today is Sunday
 +
 title: ExpectedResult
 
-<p>[
+<p dir="auto">[
     {
         "title": "Day: Thursday",
         "text": "Today is Thursday",
diff --git a/editions/tw5.com/tiddlers/testcases/DataWidget/ImportedTiddler.tid b/editions/tw5.com/tiddlers/testcases/DataWidget/ImportedTiddler.tid
index 02b89726c..5b89fc267 100644
--- a/editions/tw5.com/tiddlers/testcases/DataWidget/ImportedTiddler.tid
+++ b/editions/tw5.com/tiddlers/testcases/DataWidget/ImportedTiddler.tid
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ This is the Hello tiddler
 +
 title: ExpectedResult
 
-<p>[
+<p dir="auto">[
     {
         "title": "Hello",
         "modifier": "JoeBloggs",
diff --git a/editions/tw5.com/tiddlers/testcases/DataWidget/Refreshing.tid b/editions/tw5.com/tiddlers/testcases/DataWidget/Refreshing.tid
index 92fc32090..99969ee14 100644
--- a/editions/tw5.com/tiddlers/testcases/DataWidget/Refreshing.tid
+++ b/editions/tw5.com/tiddlers/testcases/DataWidget/Refreshing.tid
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ title: Actions
 +
 title: ExpectedResult
 
-<p>[
+<p dir="auto">[
     {
         "title": "Epsilon",
         "text": "Theta"
diff --git a/editions/tw5.com/tiddlers/testcases/DataWidget/SimpleTiddler.tid b/editions/tw5.com/tiddlers/testcases/DataWidget/SimpleTiddler.tid
index 633ecb0b8..85c57ef21 100644
--- a/editions/tw5.com/tiddlers/testcases/DataWidget/SimpleTiddler.tid
+++ b/editions/tw5.com/tiddlers/testcases/DataWidget/SimpleTiddler.tid
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ title: Output
 +
 title: ExpectedResult
 
-<p>[
+<p dir="auto">[
     {
         "title": "Epsilon",
         "text": "Theta"
diff --git a/editions/tw5.com/tiddlers/testcases/HTML/BlockModeInHTMLTable.tid b/editions/tw5.com/tiddlers/testcases/HTML/BlockModeInHTMLTable.tid
index f7050de7d..5f39b47c6 100644
--- a/editions/tw5.com/tiddlers/testcases/HTML/BlockModeInHTMLTable.tid
+++ b/editions/tw5.com/tiddlers/testcases/HTML/BlockModeInHTMLTable.tid
@@ -25,6 +25,6 @@ title: Output
 +
 title: ExpectedResult
 
-<p><table>
+<p dir="auto"><table>
 <tr><td><ul><li>list item one</li><li>list item two</li></ul></td><td><table><tbody><tr class="evenRow"><td>nested</td><td>table</td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr>
 </table></p>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/editions/tw5.com/tiddlers/testcases/HTML/OpenTagBlankLineInBoldSyntax.tid b/editions/tw5.com/tiddlers/testcases/HTML/OpenTagBlankLineInBoldSyntax.tid
index f6072bca4..c421e1d9b 100644
--- a/editions/tw5.com/tiddlers/testcases/HTML/OpenTagBlankLineInBoldSyntax.tid
+++ b/editions/tw5.com/tiddlers/testcases/HTML/OpenTagBlankLineInBoldSyntax.tid
@@ -19,4 +19,4 @@ title: Output
 +
 title: ExpectedResult
 
-<p><strong><div><ul><li>list item one</li><li>list item two</li></ul></div></strong></p>
\ No newline at end of file
+<p dir="auto"><strong><div><ul><li>list item one</li><li>list item two</li></ul></div></strong></p>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/editions/tw5.com/tiddlers/testcases/HTML/OpenTagBlankLineInTableSyntax.tid b/editions/tw5.com/tiddlers/testcases/HTML/OpenTagBlankLineInTableSyntax.tid
index 0835c47bc..852f8dfc4 100644
--- a/editions/tw5.com/tiddlers/testcases/HTML/OpenTagBlankLineInTableSyntax.tid
+++ b/editions/tw5.com/tiddlers/testcases/HTML/OpenTagBlankLineInTableSyntax.tid
@@ -19,4 +19,4 @@ title: Output
 +
 title: ExpectedResult
 
-<p>|For a blank line after open tag|<div><ul><li>list is recognised</li><li>but the surrounding table row is not</li></ul></div>|</p>
\ No newline at end of file
+<p dir="auto">|For a blank line after open tag|<div><ul><li>list is recognised</li><li>but the surrounding table row is not</li></ul></div>|</p>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/editions/tw5.com/tiddlers/testcases/HTML/OpenTagNoBlankLine.tid b/editions/tw5.com/tiddlers/testcases/HTML/OpenTagNoBlankLine.tid
index e49fcabfb..2f98f0268 100644
--- a/editions/tw5.com/tiddlers/testcases/HTML/OpenTagNoBlankLine.tid
+++ b/editions/tw5.com/tiddlers/testcases/HTML/OpenTagNoBlankLine.tid
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ This also is not a new paragraph.
 +
 title: ExpectedResult
 
-<p><div>
+<p dir="auto"><div>
 * Open tag without a blank line means
 * block mode punctuation (i.e. this list) will
 * NOT be recognised.
diff --git a/editions/tw5.com/tiddlers/testcases/RevealWidget/AccordionSlider.tid b/editions/tw5.com/tiddlers/testcases/RevealWidget/AccordionSlider.tid
index 27361b335..f1d0a0410 100644
--- a/editions/tw5.com/tiddlers/testcases/RevealWidget/AccordionSlider.tid
+++ b/editions/tw5.com/tiddlers/testcases/RevealWidget/AccordionSlider.tid
@@ -27,4 +27,4 @@ And this is some text
 +
 title: ExpectedResult
 
-<div class=" tc-reveal"><p><button class="">Show me</button></p></div><div class=" tc-reveal" hidden="true"></div>
\ No newline at end of file
+<div class=" tc-reveal"><p dir="auto"><button class="">Show me</button></p></div><div class=" tc-reveal" hidden="true"></div>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/editions/tw5.com/tiddlers/testcases/RevealWidget/Popup.tid b/editions/tw5.com/tiddlers/testcases/RevealWidget/Popup.tid
index 3defafd48..f542a89b1 100644
--- a/editions/tw5.com/tiddlers/testcases/RevealWidget/Popup.tid
+++ b/editions/tw5.com/tiddlers/testcases/RevealWidget/Popup.tid
@@ -24,4 +24,4 @@ And this is some text
 +
 title: ExpectedResult
 
-<p><button aria-expanded="false" class="">Pop me up!</button></p><p><span class=" tc-reveal" hidden="true"></span></p>
\ No newline at end of file
+<p dir="auto"><button aria-expanded="false" class="">Pop me up!</button></p><p dir="auto"><span class=" tc-reveal" hidden="true"></span></p>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/editions/tw5.com/tiddlers/testcases/RevealWidget/SimpleReveal.tid b/editions/tw5.com/tiddlers/testcases/RevealWidget/SimpleReveal.tid
index b73eaa83f..2d32c2ad3 100644
--- a/editions/tw5.com/tiddlers/testcases/RevealWidget/SimpleReveal.tid
+++ b/editions/tw5.com/tiddlers/testcases/RevealWidget/SimpleReveal.tid
@@ -23,5 +23,5 @@ And this is some text
 +
 title: ExpectedResult
 
-<p><button class="">Show me</button>
+<p dir="auto"><button class="">Show me</button>
 <button class="">Hide me</button></p><div class=" tc-reveal" hidden="true"></div>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/editions/tw5.com/tiddlers/testcases/RevealWidget/TextReference.tid b/editions/tw5.com/tiddlers/testcases/RevealWidget/TextReference.tid
index e21230033..f698b586a 100644
--- a/editions/tw5.com/tiddlers/testcases/RevealWidget/TextReference.tid
+++ b/editions/tw5.com/tiddlers/testcases/RevealWidget/TextReference.tid
@@ -18,6 +18,6 @@ jeremy: tiddlywiki
 +
 title: ExpectedResult
 
-<p><span class=" tc-reveal">
+<p dir="auto"><span class=" tc-reveal">
 TiddlyWiki!
 </span></p>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/editions/tw5.com/tiddlers/testcases/TestCaseWidget/FailingTest.tid b/editions/tw5.com/tiddlers/testcases/TestCaseWidget/FailingTest.tid
index bad3e1395..dce1892c7 100644
--- a/editions/tw5.com/tiddlers/testcases/TestCaseWidget/FailingTest.tid
+++ b/editions/tw5.com/tiddlers/testcases/TestCaseWidget/FailingTest.tid
@@ -12,4 +12,4 @@ title: Output
 The sum is <$text text={{{ [[2]add[2]] }}}/>.
 +
 title: ExpectedResult
-text: <p>The sum is not 8.</p>
+text: <p dir="auto">The sum is not 8.</p>
diff --git a/editions/tw5.com/tiddlers/testcases/TestCaseWidget/currentTiddler.tid b/editions/tw5.com/tiddlers/testcases/TestCaseWidget/currentTiddler.tid
index 824a2b17f..3851e9986 100644
--- a/editions/tw5.com/tiddlers/testcases/TestCaseWidget/currentTiddler.tid
+++ b/editions/tw5.com/tiddlers/testcases/TestCaseWidget/currentTiddler.tid
@@ -13,4 +13,4 @@ title: Output
 +
 title: ExpectedResult
 
-<p>Output</p>
\ No newline at end of file
+<p dir="auto">Output</p>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/editions/tw5.com/tiddlers/testcases/TranscludeWidget/SimpleTransclusion.tid b/editions/tw5.com/tiddlers/testcases/TranscludeWidget/SimpleTransclusion.tid
index 0e5be222c..62f17d464 100644
--- a/editions/tw5.com/tiddlers/testcases/TranscludeWidget/SimpleTransclusion.tid
+++ b/editions/tw5.com/tiddlers/testcases/TranscludeWidget/SimpleTransclusion.tid
@@ -20,4 +20,4 @@ title: Address
 14 Carrot Street, Vegetabletown
 +
 title: ExpectedResult
-text: <p>Good morning, my <a class="tc-tiddlylink tc-tiddlylink-resolves" href="#Name">name</a> is Robert Rabbit and I <a class="tc-tiddlylink tc-tiddlylink-resolves" href="#Address">live in</a> 14 Carrot Street, Vegetabletown</p>
\ No newline at end of file
+text: <p dir="auto">Good morning, my <a class="tc-tiddlylink tc-tiddlylink-resolves" href="#Name">name</a> is Robert Rabbit and I <a class="tc-tiddlylink tc-tiddlylink-resolves" href="#Address">live in</a> 14 Carrot Street, Vegetabletown</p>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/plugins/tiddlywiki/codemirror/engine.js b/plugins/tiddlywiki/codemirror/engine.js
index 38064fcd6..4197885b9 100755
--- a/plugins/tiddlywiki/codemirror/engine.js
+++ b/plugins/tiddlywiki/codemirror/engine.js
@@ -106,6 +106,9 @@ function CodeMirrorEngine(options) {
 	if(this.widget.editTabIndex) {
 		config["tabindex"] = this.widget.editTabIndex;
 	}
+	if(this.widget.editDir) {
+		config.direction = this.widget.editDir;
+	}
 	config.editWidget = this.widget;
 	// Create the CodeMirror instance
 	this.cm = window.CodeMirror(function(cmDomNode) {
diff --git a/plugins/tiddlywiki/geospatial/tests/operators/geodifference-interactive.tid b/plugins/tiddlywiki/geospatial/tests/operators/geodifference-interactive.tid
index ca9d8a954..dc9751c08 100644
--- a/plugins/tiddlywiki/geospatial/tests/operators/geodifference-interactive.tid
+++ b/plugins/tiddlywiki/geospatial/tests/operators/geodifference-interactive.tid
@@ -60,4 +60,4 @@ type: application/json
 +
 title: ExpectedResult
 
-<p><div style="width:100%;height:600px;"></div></p>
\ No newline at end of file
+<p dir="auto"><div style="width:100%;height:600px;"></div></p>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/plugins/tiddlywiki/geospatial/tests/operators/geodifference.tid b/plugins/tiddlywiki/geospatial/tests/operators/geodifference.tid
index 5f525cebc..0775cbfbe 100644
--- a/plugins/tiddlywiki/geospatial/tests/operators/geodifference.tid
+++ b/plugins/tiddlywiki/geospatial/tests/operators/geodifference.tid
@@ -51,4 +51,4 @@ type: application/json
 +
 title: ExpectedResult
 
-<p>{"type":"FeatureCollection","features":[]}</p>
\ No newline at end of file
+<p dir="auto">{"type":"FeatureCollection","features":[]}</p>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/plugins/tiddlywiki/geospatial/tests/operators/geodistance.tid b/plugins/tiddlywiki/geospatial/tests/operators/geodistance.tid
index 75d1e9259..803cda28b 100644
--- a/plugins/tiddlywiki/geospatial/tests/operators/geodistance.tid
+++ b/plugins/tiddlywiki/geospatial/tests/operators/geodistance.tid
@@ -27,4 +27,4 @@ title: Output
 +
 title: ExpectedResult
 
-<p>3406.2115173004354,3406.2115173004354,5481.766068098352,49.241105484826875,0.8604235593111019,3406.2115173004354</p>
\ No newline at end of file
+<p dir="auto">3406.2115173004354,3406.2115173004354,5481.766068098352,49.241105484826875,0.8604235593111019,3406.2115173004354</p>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/plugins/tiddlywiki/geospatial/tests/operators/geointersect-interactive.tid b/plugins/tiddlywiki/geospatial/tests/operators/geointersect-interactive.tid
index 05a7f9759..c8dba521b 100644
--- a/plugins/tiddlywiki/geospatial/tests/operators/geointersect-interactive.tid
+++ b/plugins/tiddlywiki/geospatial/tests/operators/geointersect-interactive.tid
@@ -60,4 +60,4 @@ type: application/json
 +
 title: ExpectedResult
 
-<p><div style="width:100%;height:600px;"></div></p>
\ No newline at end of file
+<p dir="auto"><div style="width:100%;height:600px;"></div></p>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/plugins/tiddlywiki/geospatial/tests/operators/geointersect.tid b/plugins/tiddlywiki/geospatial/tests/operators/geointersect.tid
index 3a205df97..3a9e4312a 100644
--- a/plugins/tiddlywiki/geospatial/tests/operators/geointersect.tid
+++ b/plugins/tiddlywiki/geospatial/tests/operators/geointersect.tid
@@ -51,4 +51,4 @@ type: application/json
 +
 title: ExpectedResult
 
-<p>{"type":"FeatureCollection","features":[{"type":"Feature","properties":{},"geometry":{"type":"Polygon","coordinates":[[[101,1],[102,1],[102,2],[101,2],[101,1]]]}}]}</p>
\ No newline at end of file
+<p dir="auto">{"type":"FeatureCollection","features":[{"type":"Feature","properties":{},"geometry":{"type":"Polygon","coordinates":[[[101,1],[102,1],[102,2],[101,2],[101,1]]]}}]}</p>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/plugins/tiddlywiki/geospatial/tests/operators/geolookup.tid b/plugins/tiddlywiki/geospatial/tests/operators/geolookup.tid
index b363a48a2..200047133 100644
--- a/plugins/tiddlywiki/geospatial/tests/operators/geolookup.tid
+++ b/plugins/tiddlywiki/geospatial/tests/operators/geolookup.tid
@@ -61,4 +61,4 @@ type: application/json
 +
 title: ExpectedResult
 
-<p>boxfish</p>
\ No newline at end of file
+<p dir="auto">boxfish</p>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/plugins/tiddlywiki/geospatial/tests/operators/geonearestpoint.tid b/plugins/tiddlywiki/geospatial/tests/operators/geonearestpoint.tid
index 08fc3e023..c425fdf56 100644
--- a/plugins/tiddlywiki/geospatial/tests/operators/geonearestpoint.tid
+++ b/plugins/tiddlywiki/geospatial/tests/operators/geonearestpoint.tid
@@ -25,4 +25,4 @@ title: Output
 +
 title: ExpectedResult
 
-<p>Oxford,Winchester,</p>
\ No newline at end of file
+<p dir="auto">Oxford,Winchester,</p>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/plugins/tiddlywiki/geospatial/tests/operators/geonearestpoint2.tid b/plugins/tiddlywiki/geospatial/tests/operators/geonearestpoint2.tid
index 9cb509ad0..b30b57844 100644
--- a/plugins/tiddlywiki/geospatial/tests/operators/geonearestpoint2.tid
+++ b/plugins/tiddlywiki/geospatial/tests/operators/geonearestpoint2.tid
@@ -42,4 +42,4 @@ title: Output
 +
 title: ExpectedResult
 
-<p>Oxford</p>
\ No newline at end of file
+<p dir="auto">Oxford</p>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/plugins/tiddlywiki/geospatial/tests/operators/geounion-interactive.tid b/plugins/tiddlywiki/geospatial/tests/operators/geounion-interactive.tid
index 86998a7c8..c797c66ff 100644
--- a/plugins/tiddlywiki/geospatial/tests/operators/geounion-interactive.tid
+++ b/plugins/tiddlywiki/geospatial/tests/operators/geounion-interactive.tid
@@ -60,4 +60,4 @@ type: application/json
 +
 title: ExpectedResult
 
-<p><div style="width:100%;height:600px;"></div></p>
\ No newline at end of file
+<p dir="auto"><div style="width:100%;height:600px;"></div></p>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/plugins/tiddlywiki/geospatial/tests/operators/geounion.tid b/plugins/tiddlywiki/geospatial/tests/operators/geounion.tid
index faa63cccd..3552c1997 100644
--- a/plugins/tiddlywiki/geospatial/tests/operators/geounion.tid
+++ b/plugins/tiddlywiki/geospatial/tests/operators/geounion.tid
@@ -51,4 +51,4 @@ type: application/json
 +
 title: ExpectedResult
 
-<p>{"type":"FeatureCollection","features":[{"type":"Feature","properties":{},"geometry":{"type":"Polygon","coordinates":[[[100,0],[102,0],[102,1],[103,1],[103,3],[101,3],[101,2],[100,2],[100,0]]]}}]}</p>
\ No newline at end of file
+<p dir="auto">{"type":"FeatureCollection","features":[{"type":"Feature","properties":{},"geometry":{"type":"Polygon","coordinates":[[[100,0],[102,0],[102,1],[103,1],[103,3],[101,3],[101,2],[100,2],[100,0]]]}}]}</p>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/plugins/tiddlywiki/geospatial/tests/operators/olc-decode.tid b/plugins/tiddlywiki/geospatial/tests/operators/olc-decode.tid
index c13c60855..3c490d15f 100644
--- a/plugins/tiddlywiki/geospatial/tests/operators/olc-decode.tid
+++ b/plugins/tiddlywiki/geospatial/tests/operators/olc-decode.tid
@@ -15,6 +15,6 @@ title: Output
 +
 title: ExpectedResult
 
-<p>({"type":"Feature","properties":{},"geometry":{"type":"Polygon","coordinates":[[[-1.257875,51.751875],[-1.257875,51.752],[-1.25775,51.752],[-1.25775,51.751875],[-1.257875,51.751875]]]}})
+<p dir="auto">({"type":"Feature","properties":{},"geometry":{"type":"Polygon","coordinates":[[[-1.257875,51.751875],[-1.257875,51.752],[-1.25775,51.752],[-1.25775,51.751875],[-1.257875,51.751875]]]}})
 ({"type":"Feature","properties":{},"geometry":{"type":"Point","coordinates":[-1.257765625,51.7519375]}})
 </p>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/plugins/tiddlywiki/geospatial/tests/operators/olc-encode.tid b/plugins/tiddlywiki/geospatial/tests/operators/olc-encode.tid
index e507b6004..d18d6ec4b 100644
--- a/plugins/tiddlywiki/geospatial/tests/operators/olc-encode.tid
+++ b/plugins/tiddlywiki/geospatial/tests/operators/olc-encode.tid
@@ -15,6 +15,6 @@ title: Output
 +
 title: ExpectedResult
 
-<p>(9C3WQP2R+QV)
+<p dir="auto">(9C3WQP2R+QV)
 (9C3WQP2R+QVH)
 </p>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/plugins/tiddlywiki/geospatial/tests/widgets/geomap-draggable-marker.tid b/plugins/tiddlywiki/geospatial/tests/widgets/geomap-draggable-marker.tid
index f79ea8441..023932c59 100644
--- a/plugins/tiddlywiki/geospatial/tests/widgets/geomap-draggable-marker.tid
+++ b/plugins/tiddlywiki/geospatial/tests/widgets/geomap-draggable-marker.tid
@@ -37,4 +37,4 @@ title: Output
 +
 title: ExpectedResult
 
-<p><div style="width:100%;height:600px;"></div></p>
\ No newline at end of file
+<p dir="auto"><div style="width:100%;height:600px;"></div></p>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/plugins/tiddlywiki/geospatial/tests/widgets/geomap-empty-layer.tid b/plugins/tiddlywiki/geospatial/tests/widgets/geomap-empty-layer.tid
index 1a8cdb686..7d2f012ee 100644
--- a/plugins/tiddlywiki/geospatial/tests/widgets/geomap-empty-layer.tid
+++ b/plugins/tiddlywiki/geospatial/tests/widgets/geomap-empty-layer.tid
@@ -16,4 +16,4 @@ title: Output
 +
 title: ExpectedResult
 
-<p><div style="width:100%;height:600px;"></div></p>
\ No newline at end of file
+<p dir="auto"><div style="width:100%;height:600px;"></div></p>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/plugins/tiddlywiki/geospatial/tests/widgets/geomap-refresh.tid b/plugins/tiddlywiki/geospatial/tests/widgets/geomap-refresh.tid
index 3a0e61fda..f1a4157d1 100644
--- a/plugins/tiddlywiki/geospatial/tests/widgets/geomap-refresh.tid
+++ b/plugins/tiddlywiki/geospatial/tests/widgets/geomap-refresh.tid
@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@ Click here to enable the layer
 +
 title: ExpectedResult
 
-<p><button class="">
+<p dir="auto"><button class="">
 
 Click here to enable the layer
-</button></p><p><div style="width:100%;height:600px;"></div></p>
\ No newline at end of file
+</button></p><p dir="auto"><div style="width:100%;height:600px;"></div></p>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/plugins/tiddlywiki/geospatial/tests/widgets/geomap.tid b/plugins/tiddlywiki/geospatial/tests/widgets/geomap.tid
index 44737ea8a..40343b668 100644
--- a/plugins/tiddlywiki/geospatial/tests/widgets/geomap.tid
+++ b/plugins/tiddlywiki/geospatial/tests/widgets/geomap.tid
@@ -51,4 +51,4 @@ title: Output
 +
 title: ExpectedResult
 
-<p><div style="width:100%;height:600px;"></div></p>
\ No newline at end of file
+<p dir="auto"><div style="width:100%;height:600px;"></div></p>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/themes/tiddlywiki/vanilla/base.tid b/themes/tiddlywiki/vanilla/base.tid
index c795ad362..f60d8bff9 100644
--- a/themes/tiddlywiki/vanilla/base.tid
+++ b/themes/tiddlywiki/vanilla/base.tid
@@ -1319,6 +1319,8 @@ button.tc-btn-invisible.tc-remove-tag-button {
 	border: 1px solid <<colour tiddler-editor-border>>;
 	line-height: 1.3em;
 	font-family: {{$:/themes/tiddlywiki/vanilla/settings/editorfontfamily}};
+	unicode-bidi: plaintext;
+	text-align: start; /* Align text automatically left/right*/
 }
 
 .tc-tiddler-frame input.tc-edit-texteditor,